Uvavanyo lolusu lwePPD

Uvavanyo lolusu lwe-PPD yindlela esetyenziselwa ukuxilonga usulelo lwesifo sephepha esithe cwaka (esifubeni). I-PPD imele isiphumo seprotein esulungekisiweyo.

Uya kudinga ukutyelelwa kabini kwi-ofisi yomboneleli wakho wezempilo kolu vavanyo.

Kutyelelo lokuqala, umboneleli uya kucoca indawo yolusu lwakho, ihlala ingaphakathi kwengalo yakho. Uya kufumana umpu omncinci (inaliti) oqukethe iPPD. Inaliti ibekwe ngobunono phantsi kolusu oluphezulu, ibangela ukuba ibump (i-welt) yenze. Esi siqhu sihlala sihamba kwiiyure ezimbalwa njengoko izinto zingenisiwe.

Emva kweeyure ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-72, kufuneka ubuyele kwiofisi yomboneleli wakho. Umboneleli wakho uya kujonga indawo ukuze abone ukuba unempendulo eyomeleleyo kuvavanyo.

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo kolu vavanyo.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ukhe wavavanywa ulusu lwe-PPD. Ukuba kunjalo, akufuneki uphinde uphindaphinde kuvavanyo lwe-PPD, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba unemeko yonyango okanye ukuba uthatha amayeza athile, anje ngee-steroids, ezinokuchaphazela amajoni akho omzimba. Ezi meko zinokukhokelela kwiziphumo zovavanyo ezingachanekanga.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ulifumene iyeza le-BCG kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ulifumene nini. (Eli chiza linikezelwa ngaphandle kwaseMelika).

Uyakuva ukuqaqamba okufutshane njengoko inaliti ifakwa apha ngezantsi komphezulu wolusu.

Olu vavanyo lwenzelwa ukufumanisa ukuba ukhe wadibana na neentsholongwane ezibanga i-TB.

I-TB sisifo esisasazeka ngokulula. Ihlala ichaphazela imiphunga. Iibhaktheriya zihlala zingasebenzi (zilele) emiphungeni iminyaka emininzi. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-TB efihlakeleyo.

Uninzi lwabantu e-United States abosulelwe yintsholongwane abanazo iimpawu okanye iimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo.

Ungalufuna kakhulu olu vavanyo ukuba:

• Isenokuba wayekunye nomntu one-TB
• Sebenza kukhathalelo lwempilo
• Unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, ngenxa yamayeza athile okanye isifo (njengomhlaza okanye i-HIV / AIDS)

Impendulo engalunganga ihlala ithetha ukuba awuzange wosulelwe yintsholongwane ebangela i-TB.

Ngempendulo engalunganga, ulusu apho ufumene uvavanyo lwe-PPD aludumbanga, okanye ukudumba kuncinci kakhulu. Lo mlinganiselo wahlukile kubantwana, abantu abane-HIV, kunye namanye amaqela anobungozi.

Uvavanyo lolusu lwe-PPD ayiluvavanyo olufanelekileyo lokuhlola. Abantu abambalwa abosuleleke yintsholongwane ebangela i-TB abanakho ukusabela. Kwakhona, izifo okanye amayeza enza buthathaka amajoni omzimba kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalunganga.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga (ezintle) zithetha ukuba wosulelwe yintsholongwane ebangela i-TB. Ungadinga unyango ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo ukubuya (ukuphinda siqalise isifo). Uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lolusu aluthethi ukuba umntu une-TB esebenzayo. Kufuneka kwenziwe ezinye iimvavanyo ukujonga ukuba ngaba sikhona na isifo esisebenzayo.

Impendulo encinci (i-5 mm yokudumba okuqinileyo kwindawo) ithathwa njengelungileyo ebantwini:

• Ngoobani abane-HIV / AIDS
• Ngubani ofumene ukufakelwa komzimba
• Ngoobani abanamajoni omzimba oxinzelelweyo okanye abathatha unyango lwe-steroid (malunga ne-15 mg ye-prednisone ngosuku kwinyanga enye)
• Ngubani osondele kakhulu kumntu onesifo sephepha esisebenzayo
• Ngoobani abaneenguqu kwi-x-ray yesifuba ekhangeleka ngathi yi-TB edlulileyo

Iziphumo ezinkulu (ezinkulu okanye ezilinganayo kwi-10 mm) zithathwa njengezintle kwi:

• Abantu abanovavanyo olubi olwaziwayo kwiminyaka emi-2 edlulileyo
• Abantu abanesifo seswekile, ukusilela kwezintso, okanye ezinye iimeko ezonyusa amathuba abo okuba bafumane i-TB
• Abasebenzi bezempilo
• Abasebenzisi beziyobisi ngenaliti
• Abaphambukeli abaye bashiya ilizwe elinenqanaba eliphezulu le-TB kule minyaka mi-5 idlulileyo
• Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4
• Iintsana, abantwana, okanye abakwishumi elivisayo abasesichengeni kubantu abadala abasemngciphekweni omkhulu
• Abafundi kunye nabasebenzi beqela elithile lokuhlala, ezinje ngeentolongo, amakhaya abalupheleyo, kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezingenamakhaya

Kubantu abangenabungozi be-TB, i-15 mm okanye nangaphezulu kokudumba okuqinileyo kwindawo kubonisa ukusabela okuqinisekileyo.

Abantu abazalelwe ngaphandle kwe-United States abaye banesitofu esibizwa ngokuba yi-BCG banokuba neziphumo zovavanyo olungelolonyani.

Kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokuba bomvu kakhulu kunye nokudumba kwengalo kubantu abaye bafumana uvavanyo lwe-PPD lwangaphambili oluqinisekileyo kwaye abo baphinde bavavanya. Ngokubanzi, abantu abaye bafumana uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo kwixa elidlulileyo akufuneki baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde babuye. Le mpendulo inokuvela nakubantu abambalwa abangakhange bavavanywe ngaphambili.

Umgangatho ococekileyo ovela kwimveliso yeprotein; Uvavanyo lolusu lwe-TB; Uvavanyo lwe-tuberculin lolusu; Uvavanyo lweMantoux

• Isifo sephepha emiphungeni
• Uvavanyo lwe-PPD lolusu oluqinisekileyo
• Uvavanyo lolusu lwePPD

UFitzgerald DW, uSterling TR, uHaas DW. Isifo sephepha seMicobacterium. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 249.

Umthi GL. Mycobacteria. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 61.