Pneumothorax - iintsana

I-Pneumothorax yingqokelela yomoya okanye irhasi kwindawo ngaphakathi kwesifuba ejikeleze imiphunga. Oku kukhokelela ekuweni kwemiphunga.

Eli nqaku lixoxa ngepneumothorax kwiintsana.

I-pneumothorax yenzeka xa ezinye zeengxowa zomoya ezincinci (i-alveoli) kwimiphunga yosana ziba ngaphezulu kwaye ziqhume. Oku kubangela ukuba umoya uvuze kwisithuba phakathi komphunga kunye nodonga lwesifuba (indawo yokubongoza).

Isizathu esiqhelekileyo sepneumothorax sisifo sokuphefumla. Le yimeko eyenzeka kwiintsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwexesha (ngaphambi kwexesha).

• Imiphunga yosana ayinayo into emtyibilizi (surfactant) ebanceda bahlale bevulekile (banomoya). Ke ngoko, iisakana zomoya ezincinci azinako ukwanda ngokulula.
• Ukuba umntwana ufuna umatshini wokuphefumla (i-mechanical ventilator), uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwimiphunga yomntwana, ukusuka kumatshini ngamanye amaxesha kunokugqabhuka iingxowa zomoya.

Isifo seMeconium aspiration syndrome sesinye sezizathu zepneumothorax kwiintsana.

• Ngaphambi okanye ngexesha lokuzalwa, umntwana usenokuphefumla intshukumo yokuqala yamathumbu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-meconium. Oku kunokuphazamisa indlela yomoya kwaye kubangele iingxaki zokuphefumla.

Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya inyumoniya (usulelo lwemiphunga) okanye izicwili zemiphunga ezingaphuhlanga.

Ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, usana olusempilweni ngenye indlela lunokukhula ukuvuza komoya xa kuthabatha ukuphefumla okumbalwa emva kokubeleka. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo olufunekayo ukwandisa imiphunga okokuqala. Kunokubakho izinto zofuzo ezikhokelela kule ngxaki.

Uninzi lweentsana ezine-pneumothorax azinazo iimpawu. Xa iimpawu zenzeka, zinokubandakanya:

• Umbala wesikhumba esimnyama (cyanosis)
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• Ukuqhwanyaza kweempumlo
• Ukugquma ngokuphefumla
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukungazinzi
• Ukusetyenziswa kwesinye isifuba kunye nezihlunu zesisu ukunceda ukuphefumla (ukubuyisa)

Umboneleli wezempilo unokuba nobunzima bokuva izandi zokuphefumla xa umamele imiphunga yosana nge-stethoscope. Intliziyo okanye izandi zemiphunga zinokubonakala ngathi zivela kwindawo eyahlukileyo yesifuba kunesiqhelo.

Uvavanyo lwe-pneumothorax lubandakanya:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Uphenyo lokukhanya olubekwe esifubeni somntwana, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "transillumination" (iipokotho zomoya ziya kubonakala njengeendawo ezikhaphukhaphu)

Iintsana ezingenazimpawu zisenokungafuni unyango. Iqela lokhathalelo lwempilo liza kujonga ukuphefumla komntwana wakho, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba leoksijini, kunye nombala wolusu. Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo iya kubonelelwa ukuba iyafuneka.

Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu, umboneleli uya kufaka inaliti okanye ityhubhu ebhityileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter esifubeni somntwana ukuze asuse umoya ophume kwisithuba sesifuba.

Kuba unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwimicimbi yemiphunga ekhokelele kwi-pneumothorax, inokuhlala iintsuku ukuya kwiiveki.

Ukuvuza komoya kuya kuhamba kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle konyango. Iintsana ezisuswe umoya ngenaliti okanye nge-catheter zihlala zilungile emva konyango ukuba azikho ezinye iingxaki zemiphunga.

Njengokuba umoya usakha esifubeni, inokutyhala intliziyo iye kwelinye icala lesifuba. Oku kubeka uxinzelelo kwimiphunga yomibini engakhange idilike kunye nentliziyo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-tension pneumothorax. Ngxamisekileyo kwezonyango. Inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwentliziyo nemiphunga.

I-pneumothorax ihlala ifunyanwa kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa. Biza umboneleli wakho ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu zepneumothorax.

Ababoneleli kwicandelo lokhathalelo olunzulu olusandul 'ukuzalwa (NICU) kufuneka babukele usana lwakho ngononophelo ngeempawu zokuvuza komoya.

Ukuvuza komoya kwimiphunga; Pneumothorax - neonatal

• Pneumothorax

ICrowley MA. Iingxaki zokuphefumla ezingapheliyo. Ku: UMartin RJ, uFanaroff AA, uWalsh MC, ii-eds. UFanaroff kunye noMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: isahluko 66.

UkuKhanya kweRW, uLee GL. Pneumothorax, chylothorax, hemothorax, kunye ne-fibrothorax. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahl 81.

UWinnie GB, Haider SK, Vemana AP, Lossef SV. Pneumothorax. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 439.