Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kuka-Ebstein

I-Ebstein anomaly sisiphene sentliziyo esinqabileyo apho iinxalenye zevalic tricuspid zingaqhelekanga. Ivelufa ye-tricuspid yahlula igumbi lasezantsi lasekunene (i-ventricle yasekunene) kwigumbi eliphezulu lentliziyo (i-atrium yasekunene). Kwi-Ebstein anomaly, ukubekwa kwevalve ye-tricuspid kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo ukwahlula la magumbi mabini akuqhelekanga.

Imeko yinto yokuzalwa, oko kuthetha ukuba ikhoyo xa kuzalwa.

Ivelufa yetriuspid iqhele ukwenziwa ngamalungu amathathu, abizwa ngokuba ziincwadana ezincinci okanye iimpiko. Amaphetshana avulekileyo ukuvumela igazi ukuba lisuke kwi-atrium yasekunene (kwigumbi eliphezulu) liye kwi-ventricle elungileyo (kwigumbi elingaphantsi) ngelixa intliziyo ikhululekile. Zivala ukuthintela igazi ukuba lingahambeli kwi-ventricle elungileyo iye kwi-atrium elungileyo ngelixa iimpompo zentliziyo.

Kubantu abane-Ebstein anomaly, iincwadana zibekwa nzulu kwi-ventricle elungileyo endaweni yesikhundla esiqhelekileyo. Amaphecana adla ngokuba makhulu kuneqhelekileyo. Isiphene sihlala sibangela ukuba ivelufa ingasebenzi kakuhle, kwaye igazi linokuhamba ngendlela engalunganga. Endaweni yokuphuma iye emiphungeni, igazi libuyela umva kwi-atrium elungileyo. Ukugcinwa kokuhamba kwegazi kunokukhokelela ekwandiseni kwentliziyo kunye nokwakhiwa kolwelo emzimbeni. Kunokubakho nokunciphisa ivalve ekhokelela kwimiphunga (ivelufa yemiphunga).

Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu banomngxunya eludongeni olwahlula amagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo (isiphene se-atrial septal) kunye nokuhamba kwegazi kulo mngxunya kunokubangela ukuba igazi elingenayo i-oxygen liye emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela i-cyanosis, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulusu olubangelwa ligazi elingena-oxygen.

Ukungalingani kwe-Ebstein kwenzeka njengoko umntwana ekhula esibelekweni. Oyena nobangela awaziwa. Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile (njenge-lithium okanye i-benzodiazepines) ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokudlala indima. Imeko inqabile. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abamhlophe.

Ukungaqhelekanga kunokuba mncinci okanye kube nzima kakhulu. Ke ngoko, iimpawu zinokubakho ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima kakhulu. Iimpawu zingakhula kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa, kwaye zinokubandakanya imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neenzipho ngenxa yamanqanaba eoksijini egazini asezantsi. Kwiimeko ezinzima, umntwana ubonakala egula kakhulu kwaye unengxaki yokuphefumla. Kwiimeko ezinobumnene, umntu ochaphazelekayo unokuthi angabonakali kangangeminyaka emininzi, ngamanye amaxesha nangokusisigxina.

Iimpawu kubantwana abadala zinokubandakanya:

• Khohlela
• Ukusilela ukukhula
• Ukudinwa
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu

Iintsana ezinokuvuza okukhulu kwi-tricuspid valve ziya kuba nenqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu leoksijini egazini kunye nokwandiswa kwentliziyo ebalulekileyo. Umboneleli wezempilo unokuva izandi zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga, ezinje ngokumbombozela, xa umamele isifuba nge-stethoscope.

Uvavanyo olunokunceda ukufumanisa le meko lubandakanya:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Imagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yentliziyo
• Ukulinganiswa komsebenzi wombane wentliziyo (ECG)
• I-Ultrasound yentliziyo (i-echocardiogram)

Unyango luxhomekeke kubukrakra besiphene kunye neempawu ezithile. Unonophelo lwezonyango lunokubandakanya:

• Amayeza okunceda ukusilela kwentliziyo, njenge-diuretics.
• Ioksijini kunye nenye inkxaso yokuphefumla.
• Utyando ukulungisa ivelufa.
• Ukutshintshwa kwevalve ye-tricuspid. Oku kunokufuneka kubantwana abaqhubeka beba mandundu okanye abaneengxaki ezinzima.

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu zokuqala ziyakhula, esi sifo siba mandundu ngakumbi.

Abanye abantu banokuba bengenazo iimpawu okanye iimpawu ezinobulali. Abanye banokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuphuhlisa umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis), ukusilela kwentliziyo, ibhloko yentliziyo, okanye izingqisho zentliziyo eziyingozi.

Ukuvuza okunzima kungakhokelela kukudumba kwentliziyo kunye nesibindi, kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo.

Ezinye iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (arrhythmias), kubandakanya izingqisho ezikhawulezayo ngokungaqhelekanga (tachyarrhythmias) kunye nesingqisho esingaqhelekanga (bradyarrhythmias kunye nebhloko yentliziyo)
• Igazi liyajiya lisuka entliziyweni liye kwamanye amalungu omzimba
• Ithumba lobuchopho

Shayela umnikezeli wakho ukuba umntwana wakho uvelisa iimpawu zale meko. Fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho iingxaki zokuphefumla.

Akukho kuthintelwa kwaziwayo, ngaphandle kokuthetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ukuba uthatha amayeza ekucingelwa ukuba anento yokwenza nesi sifo. Unokukwazi ukuthintela ezinye zeengxaki zesi sifo. Umzekelo, ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngaphambi kotyando lwamazinyo kunokunceda ukuthintela i-endocarditis.

Isiphene sika-Ebstein; Ingxaki ye-Ebstein; Isiphene sentliziyo esibelekweni - Ebstein; Intliziyo yesiphene sokuzalwa-Ebstein; Isifo sentliziyo seCyanotic-Ebstein

• Isiphene sika-Ebstein

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