I-echocardiography yomntwana

I-fetal echocardiography luvavanyo olusebenzisa amaza esandi (i-ultrasound) ukuvavanya intliziyo yomntwana kwiingxaki ngaphambi kokuzalwa.

I-fetal echocardiography luvavanyo olwenziwa ngelixa umntwana esesibelekweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngexesha lesibini lesibini lokukhulelwa. Ngeli xesha ke xa umntu wasetyhini emalunga neeveki ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-24 ekhulelwe.

Inkqubo iyafana naleyo yokukhulelwa kwe-ultrasound. Uya kulala phantsi ukwenzela inkqubo.

Uvavanyo lunokwenziwa kwisisu sakho (esiswini se-ultrasound) okanye kwilungu lakho lobufazi (transvaginal ultrasound).

Kwi-ultrasound yesisu, umntu owenza uvavanyo ubeka i-gel ecacileyo, esekwe emanzini kwisisu sakho. Inkqubo ebanjwe ngesandla ihanjiswa ngaphezulu kwendawo. Iprojekhthi ithumela amaza esandi, aphuma entliziyweni yomntwana kwaye enze umfanekiso wentliziyo kwiscreen sekhompyuter.

Kwi-ultrasound ehamba ngasemva, kufakwa iphenyo encinci kwilungu lobufazi. I-ultrasound engaphaya kwento inokwenziwa kwangoko xa ukhulelwe kwaye ivelise umfanekiso ocacileyo kune-ultrasound yesisu.

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyafuneka kolu vavanyo.

Ukuqhuba ijeli kunokuziva kubanda kwaye kumanzi. Awuyi kuva amaza e-ultrasound.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukukhangela ingxaki yentliziyo ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Inokunika umfanekiso ocacileyo wentliziyo yomntwana kunokukhulelwa rhoqo kwe-ultrasound.

Uvavanyo lunokubonisa:

• Igazi lihamba ngentliziyo
• Isingqisho sentliziyo
• Izakhiwo zentliziyo yomntwana

Uvavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba:

• Umzali, umntakwabo okanye elinye ilungu losapho elisondeleyo lalinesiphene sentliziyo okanye isifo sentliziyo.
• Ukukhulelwa kwesiqhelo kwe-ultrasound kufunyaniswe isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga okanye ingxaki enokubakho yosana olungekazalwa.
• Umama unesifo seswekile (ngaphambi kokukhulelwa), lupus, okanye phenylketonuria.
• Umama une-rubella ngexesha lekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa.
• Umama usebenzise amayeza anokonakalisa intliziyo ekhulayo yomntwana (njengamanye amayeza okuxhuzula kunye namayeza amabala amaqhakuva).
• I-amniocentesis ityhile ingxaki ye-chromosome.
• Kukho esinye isizathu sokukrokrela ukuba umntwana usemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki zentliziyo.

I-echocardiogram ayifumani ngxaki entliziyweni yosana olungekazalwa.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa:

• Ingxaki kwindlela eyakheke ngayo intliziyo yosana (isifo sentliziyo esibelekwe)
• Ingxaki ngendlela esebenza ngayo intliziyo yosana
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesingqisho sentliziyo (arrhythmias)

Uvavanyo lusenokufuna ukuphindwa.

Akukho bungozi baziwayo kunina okanye kusana olungekazalwa.

Ezinye iziphene zentliziyo azinakubonwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, nkqu ne-fetal echocardiography. Oku kubandakanya imingxunya encinci entliziyweni okanye iingxaki zevalvethi. Kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba kungenakwenzeka ukubona lonke icandelo lemithambo yegazi enkulu ephuma entliziyweni yosana, iingxaki ezikule ndawo zinokungabonakali.

Ukuba umboneleli wezempilo ufumanisa ingxaki kulwakhiwo lwentliziyo, i-ultrasound eneenkcukacha inokwenziwa ukukhangela ezinye iingxaki nosana olusakhulayo.

IDonofrio MT, iNyanga-Grady AJ, iHornberger LK, et al. Ukuchongwa kunye nonyango lwezifo zentliziyo yomntwana: ingxelo yesayensi evela kuMbutho weNtliziyo yaseMelika. Ukujikeleza. Ngo-2014; 129 (21): 2183-2242. IINKCUKACHA: 24763516 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763516.

IHagen-Ansert SL, uGuthrie J. Fetal echocardiography: isifo sentliziyo esibelekweni. Ku: Hagen-Ansert SL, ed. Incwadi yokubhaliweyo yeNzululwazi yoLwazi. Ngomhla we-8. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 36.

I-Stamm ER, iDrose JA. Intliziyo yomntwana. Ku: iRumack CM, uLeviine D, ii-eds. Uxilongo lwe-Ultrasound. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 37.