Isixhobo se-Cardioverter-defibrillator esinokufakwa

Isixhobo se-Cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) sisixhobo esifumanisa nayiphi na into esongela ubomi, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza. Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kuthiwa yi-arrhythmia. Ukuba iyenzeka, i-ICD ikhawuleza ithumele umothuko wombane entliziyweni. Umothuko utshintsha isingqisho ubuyele esiqhelweni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukusasaza.

I-ICD yenziwe ngala macandelo:

• Umvelisi we-pulse ulingana nobukhulu bewotshi enkulu epokothweni. Inebhetri kunye neesekethe zombane ezifunda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho.
• Ii-electrode ziingcingo, ezibizwa ngokuba zizikhokelo, ezihamba ngemithambo yakho ukuya entliziyweni yakho. Badibanisa intliziyo yakho nesixhobo sonke. I-ICD yakho inokuba nee-electrode ezi-1, 2, okanye ezi-3.
• Uninzi lwee-ICD zine-pacemaker eyakhelweyo. Intliziyo yakho inokufuna ukuhamba xa ibetha kancinci okanye ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, okanye ukuba wothukile kwi-ICD.
• Kukho uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-ICD ekuthiwa yi-subcutaneous ICD. Esi sixhobo sinelothe ebekwe kwithishu ngasekhohlo kwesifuba kunokuba kubekwe entliziyweni. Olu hlobo lwe-ICD alunakuba sisincedisi-ntliziyo.

Ugqirha wezifo zentliziyo okanye ugqirha otyandayo uhlala efaka i-ICD yakho xa uvukile. Indawo yodonga lwesifuba sakho esingezantsi kwekhola yakho iya kubanjwa nge-anesthesia, ke awuyi kuva zintlungu. Ugqirha uya kwenza ukusikwa (ukusika) ngesikhumba sakho kunye nokwenza indawo phantsi kolusu kunye nemisipha yomvelisi we-ICD. Kwiimeko ezininzi, esi sithuba senziwe kufutshane negxalaba lakho lasekhohlo.

Ugqirha uya kubeka i-electrode emthanjeni, emva koko ungene entliziyweni yakho. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-x-ray ekhethekileyo ukubona ngaphakathi kwesifuba sakho. Emva koko ugqirha uya kudibanisa ii-electrode kwi-pulse generator kunye ne-pacemaker.

Inkqubo ihlala ithatha iiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.

Abanye abantu abanale meko baya kuba nesixhobo esikhethekileyo esidibanisa i-defibrillator kunye ne-biventricular pacemaker ebekiweyo. Isixhobo se-pacemaker sinceda intliziyo ukuba ibethe ngendlela ehambelana ngakumbi.

I-ICD ibekwa kubantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufa ngesiquphe kwentliziyo ukusuka kwisingqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga esisongela ubomi. Oku kubandakanya i-ventricular tachycardia (VT) okanye i-ventricular fibrillation (VF).

Izizathu onokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu zezi:

• Uye waba neziqendu zenye yezi ntliziyo zingaqhelekanga.
• Intliziyo yakho ibuthathaka, inkulu kakhulu, kwaye ayimpomli igazi kakuhle. Oku kunokuba sisifo sentliziyo sangaphambili, ukusilela kwentliziyo, okanye isifo sentliziyo (isifo sentliziyo esisifo).
• Unodidi lokuzalwa (okhoyo ekuzalweni) ingxaki yentliziyo okanye imeko yempilo yemfuza.

Iingozi zalo naluphi na utyando zezi:

• Amahlwili egazi emilenzeni anokuhamba aye emiphungeni
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha
• Ukunyanga komzimba kumayeza (anesthesia) asetyenziswa ngexesha lotyando
• Usulelo

Imingcipheko enokubakho kolu tyando zezi:

• Usulelo lwenxeba
• Ukwenzakala kwentliziyo yakho okanye kwimiphunga
• Iimpawu ezinobungozi zentliziyo

I-ICD ngamanye amaxesha ihambisa umothuko entliziyweni yakho xa UNGAYIDINGI. Nangona ukothuka kuhlala ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, unokukuva kwiimeko ezininzi.

Le kunye nezinye iingxaki ze-ICD ngamanye amaxesha zinokuthintelwa ngokutshintsha indlela ecwangciswe ngayo i-ICD yakho. Inokusetwa ukukhala isilumkiso ukuba kukho ingxaki. Ugqirha olawula ukhathalelo lwakho lwe-ICD unokucwangcisa isixhobo sakho.

Soloko uxelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi ozithathayo, nditsho neziyobisi okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo.

Usuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Vumela umboneleli wakho azi ngayo nayiphi na into ebandayo, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, okanye esinye isifo onokuba unaso.
• Ukuhlamba kunye ne-shampoo kakuhle. Unokucelwa ukuba uhlambe umzimba wakho wonke ngaphantsi kwentamo yakho ngesepha ekhethekileyo.
• Unokucelwa ukuba uthathe isibulala-zintsholongwane, ukhusele kusulelo.

Ngomhla wotyando:

• Ngokwesiqhelo uya kucelwa ukuba ungaseli okanye utye nantoni na emva kobusuku ezinzulwini zobusuku ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Oku kubandakanya itshungama kunye nemizuzu yokuphefumla. Hlamba umlomo wakho ngamanzi ukuba uziva womile, kodwa lumka ungaginyeki.
• Thatha amayeza oxelelwe ukuba uwathabathe ngokusela nje okuncinci amanzi.

Uzakuxelelwa ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-ICD efakwe bayakwazi ukugoduka esibhedlele ngosuku olu-1. Uninzi ngokukhawuleza lubuyela kwinqanaba labo lomsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo kuthatha iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6.

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ungayisebenzisa kangakanani ingalo esecaleni lomzimba wakho apho kubekwe khona i-ICD. Unokucetyiswa ukuba ungaphakamisi nantoni na enzima kune-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeepawundi (4.5 ukuya kwi-6.75 kilograms) kunye nokuphepha ukutyhala, ukutsala, okanye ukujija ingalo yakho iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Unokuxelelwa nokuba ungaphakamisi ingalo yakho ngaphezu kwegxalaba lakho iiveki ezininzi.

Xa uphuma esibhedlele, uyakunikwa ikhadi oza kuligcina kwisipaji sakho. Eli khadi lidwelisa iinkcukacha ze-ICD yakho kwaye linolwazi loqhakamshelwano olungxamisekileyo. Kuya kufuneka uphathe eli khadi.

Uzakufuna ukuhlolwa rhoqo ukuze i-ICD yakho ibekwe esweni. Umboneleli uya kujonga ukubona ukuba:

• Isixhobo siyiva ngokufanelekileyo ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho
• Zingaphi izothuso ezihanjisiweyo
• Kushiyeke amandla angakanani kwiibhetri?

I-ICD yakho iya kuhlala ibeka esweni ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ukuze iqiniseke ukuba izinzile. Iya kuzisa umothuko entliziyweni xa isiva isingqisho esisongela ubomi. Uninzi lwezi zixhobo lunokusebenza njenge-pacemaker.

ICD; Ukuchazwa kwegama

• Angina - ukubhobhoza
• UAngina - xa unentlungu esifubeni
• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Ibhotolo, imajarini neeoli zokupheka
• Cholesterol kunye nendlela yokuphila
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Kuchazwe amafutha ezempilo
• Iingcebiso zokutya okukhawulezayo
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Isifo sentliziyo - umngcipheko
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ufunda njani iilebheli zokutya
• Ukutya okunetyuwa encinci
• Ukutya kweMeditera
• Unonophelo lwenxeba lotyando - luvulekile

• Isixhobo se-Cardioverter-defibrillator esinokufakwa

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I-Swerdlow CD, i-Wang PJ, iZipes DP. Iipemaker kunye ne-cardioverter-defibrillators enokufakwa. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 41.