Unyango oluthatha indawo yeNicotine

Unyango oluthatha indawo yeNicotine lunyango lokunceda abantu bayeke ukutshaya. Isebenzisa iimveliso ezihambisa idosi ephantsi yenicotine. Ezi mveliso azinazo iityhefu ezininzi ezifumaneka emsini. Injongo yonyango kukusika kwiminqweno ye-nicotine kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu zokurhoxa kwe-nicotine.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale usebenzise imveliso yokubuyisela inicotine, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzazi:

• Okukhona usiya umdiza, kokukhona kuya kubakho idosi ephezulu onokuyidinga ukuqala.
• Ukongeza inkqubo yokucebisa kuya kukwenza ukuba uyeke.
• SUKUTSHAYA ngelixa usebenzisa i-nicotine. Inokubangela ukuba inicotine yakheke iye kwinqanaba eliyityhefu.
• Ukufakwa endaweni yeNicotine kunceda ukuthintela ukuzuza komzimba ngelixa uyisebenzisa. Usenokufumana ubunzima xa uyeka konke ukusebenzisa inicotine.
• Umthamo wenicotine kufuneka wehle kancinci.

IINTLOBO ZONYANGO LOKUTSHINTSHA INIKOTINI

Izongezo zeNicotine ziza ngeendlela ezininzi:

• Intsini
• Abaphefumli
• Iilozenji
• Ukutshiza ngeempumlo
• Isikhumba patch

Zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kakuhle ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo. Abantu kunokwenzeka ukuba basebenzise intshungama kunye namachaphaza ngokuchanekileyo kunezinye iifom.

Isicatshulwa seNicotine

Ungathenga ii-nicotine patches ngaphandle kommiselo. Okanye, unokufumana umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba akumisele ipaki.

Zonke iipatches ze-nicotine zibekwa kwaye zisetyenziswa ngeendlela ezifanayo:

• Isiziba esinye sinxitywa mihla le. Yatshintshwa emva kweeyure ezingama-24.
• Beka isiziba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngaphezulu kwesinqe nangaphantsi kwentamo yonke imihla.
• Beka isiziba kwindawo engenaboya.
• Abantu abanxiba iipatches iiyure ezingama-24 baya kuba neempawu ezimbalwa zokurhoxa.
• Ukuba unxibe isiziba ebusuku kubangela amaphupha angaqhelekanga, zama ukulala ngaphandle kwesiqwengana.
• Abantu abatshaya ngaphantsi kweecuba ezili-10 ngosuku okanye abanobunzima obungaphantsi kweepawundi ezingama-99 (iikhilogram ezingama-45) kufuneka baqale ngesikali esisezantsi (umzekelo, i-14 mg).

I-nicotine gum okanye i-lozenge

Ungathenga i-nicotine gum okanye i-lozenges ngaphandle kommiselo. Abanye abantu bakhetha i-lozenges kwipakethi, kuba banokulawula idosi ye-nicotine.

Iingcebiso zokusebenzisa i-gum:

• Landela imiyalelo eza nephakheji.
• Ukuba usaqala ukuyeka, hlafuna iziqwenga ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngeyure nganye. Sukuhlafuna ngaphezulu kwamaqhekeza angama-20 ngosuku.
• Hlafuna itshungama kancinci de ibe incasa. Emva koko, yigcine phakathi kwentshungi nesidlele kwaye uyigcine apho. Oku kuvumela inicotine ukuba ifunxwe.
• Linda imizuzu eli-15 ubuncinci emva kokusela ikofu, iti, iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo, kunye neziselo ezineasidi ngaphambi kokuhlafuna intwana yentshungama.
• Abantu abatshayayo ama-25 okanye ngaphezulu iisigarethi ngemini baneziphumo ezingcono ngedosi ye-4 mg kunedosi ye-2 mg.
• Injongo kukuyeka ukusebenzisa intsini kwiiveki ezili-12. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa intsini ixesha elide.

Inikotini inhaler

I-nicotine inhaler ijongeka ngathi ibambe icuba leplastiki. Ifuna iphepha likagqirha eUnited States.

• Faka inikotini ye-nicotine kwi-inhaler kunye ne "puff" kangangemizuzu engama-20. Yenza oku ukuya kumaxesha ali-16 ngosuku.
• I-inhaler isebenza ngokukhawuleza. Kuthatha malunga nexesha elifanayo nentshungama ukwenza. Iyakhawuleza kuneeyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 ezithathwayo ukuze isiziba sisebenze.
• I-inhaler iyanelisa iminqweno yomlomo.
• Uninzi lomphunga wenicotine awungeni kwindlela yomoya yemiphunga. Abanye abantu banomsindo womlomo okanye womqala kunye nokukhohlela nge-inhaler.

Inokukunceda ukusebenzisa i-inhaler kunye nokudibanisa kunye xa uyeka.

Isitshizi sempumlo seNicotine

Isitshizi sempumlo kufuneka simiselwe ngumboneleli.

Isitshizi sinika idosi ekhawulezayo yenikotini ukwanelisa umnqweno ongakwaziyo ukuwutyeshela. Amanqanaba okuphakama kwenicotine kwimizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 emva kokusebenzisa ukutshiza.

• Landela imiyalelo yomboneleli wakho malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa ukutshiza. Xa uqala ukuyeka, usenokuxelelwa ukuba ufafaze amaxesha ama-1 ukuya kwezi-2 kwimpumlo nganye, iyure nganye. Akufanele ufafaze ngaphezulu kwamaxesha angama-80 ngosuku olu-1.
• Isitshizi masingasetyenziswa ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6.
• Isitshizi sinokucaphukisa impumlo, amehlo kunye nomqala. Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zihlala zihamba ngeentsuku ezimbalwa.

IMIPHUMELA YECALA NENGOZI

Zonke iimveliso zenicotine zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Iimpawu zinokwenzeka xa usebenzisa idosi ephezulu kakhulu. Ukunciphisa idosi kunokuthintela ezi mpawu. Iziphumo ziquka:

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Isihlunu kunye nezinye iingxaki zokugaya
• Iingxaki zokulala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, ubukhulu becala ngesiqwengana. Le ngxaki ihlala idlula.

IINKXALABO EZIKHETHEKILEYO

Iimpawu zeNicotine zilungile ukuba zisetyenziswe ngabantu abaninzi abaneentliziyo ezizinzileyo okanye iingxaki zokuhamba kwegazi. Kodwa, amanqanaba e-cholesterol angenampilo (inqanaba elisezantsi le-HDL) elibangelwa kukutshaya alibi bhetele ide iyeke intshongo yeNicotine.

Ukufakwa endaweni yeNicotine akunakukhuseleka ngokupheleleyo kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Abantwana abangakazalwa babafazi abasebenzisa i-patch banokuba nesantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo.

Gcina yonke imveliso ye-nicotine kude nabantwana. Inikotini yityhefu.

• Inkxalabo inkulu kubantwana abancinci.
• Fowunela ugqirha okanye indawo yokulawula ityhefu kwangoko ukuba umntwana uchanekile kwimveliso yokutshintshwa kwenicotine, nokuba lixesha elifutshane.

Ukuyeka ukutshaya - ukutshintshwa kwenicotine; Unyango oluthatha indawo yecuba

UGeorge TP. Inikotini kunye necuba. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 32.

Siu AL; Umsebenzi woKhuseleko kwi-US. Ukungenelela kokuziphatha kunye nonyango lokuyeka ukutshaya kubantu abadala, kubandakanya nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo: Ingxelo yengcebiso yengcebiso ye-US. UAnn Intern Med. 2015; 163 (8): 622-634. IINKCUKACHA: 26389730 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26389730.

Iwebhusayithi yoLawulo lwezoKutya kunye nokuSebenzisa iziyobisi. Ngaba ufuna ukuyeka ukutshaya? Iimveliso ezivunyiweyo ze-FDA zinokunceda. www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm198176.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngoDisemba 11, 2017. Kufikeleleke ngoFebruwari 26, 2019.