Impilo yabasetyhini

Impilo yabasetyhini ibhekisa kwisebe leyeza elijolise kunyango kunye nokuchongwa kwezifo kunye neemeko ezichaphazela impilo yomfazi ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo.

Impilo yabasetyhini ibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezikhethekileyo kunye neendawo ekugxilwe kuzo, ezinje:

• Ulawulo lokuzalwa, izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, kunye nesini sabasetyhini
• Umhlaza webele, umhlaza we-ovari, kunye neminye imihlaza yomfazi
• Imigrafi
• Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kunye nonyango lwehomoni
• Unyango
• Ukukhulelwa nokuzala
• Impilo yesondo
• Abafazi kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Iimeko zeBenign ezichaphazela umsebenzi wamalungu okuzala ababhinqileyo

UKUKHATHALELA NOKUKHUSELA

Unonophelo lothintelo kwabasetyhini lubandakanya ezi nkonzo zilandelayo:

• Ukuvavanywa rhoqo kwamanina, kubandakanya uvavanyo lwe-pelvic kunye novavanyo lwebele
• Ukuvavanywa kwePap smear kunye ne-HPV
• Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwamathambo
• Uvavanyo lomhlaza webele
• Iingxoxo malunga nokuvavanywa komhlaza wekolon
• Ukugonywa okuhambelana nobudala
• Uvavanyo lomngcipheko kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni
• Uvavanyo lweHormonal lokuyeka ukuya exesheni
• Ugonyo
• Uvavanyo lwe-STIs

Ukuzihlola ngokwakho amabele kunokubandakanywa.

IINKONZO ZOKUNonophela IBELE

Iinkonzo zokhathalelo lwebele zibandakanya ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa komhlaza wamabele, onokuthi ubandakanye:

• Isifuba sebele
• Iskena seMRI yebele
• I-ultrasound yamabele
• Ukuvavanywa kwemvelo kunye nokucebisa kwabasetyhini abanosapho okanye imbali yobuqu yomhlaza wamabele
• Unyango lweHormonal, unyango ngemitha, kunye nekhemotherapy
• Imigrafi
• I-Mastectomy kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwebele

Iqela leenkonzo zokhathalelo lwebele lisenokuchonga kwaye liphathe iimeko ezinganyanzelekanga zesifuba, kubandakanya:

• Amaqhuma amabele eBenign
• I-Lymphedema, imeko apho ulwelo oluninzi luqokelela kwizicwili kwaye lubangele ukudumba

IINKONZO ZEMPILO YOKULALA

Impilo yakho yesondo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yempilo-ntle yakho iyonke. Iinkonzo zezempilo zabasetyhini zinokubandakanya:

• Ulawulo lokuzalwa (izinto zokucwangcisa)
• Ukuthintela, ukuxilonga, kunye nokunyanga izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo
• Unyango lokunceda kwiingxaki zomsebenzi wesondo

I-GYNECOLOGY NEENKONZO ZEMPILO YOKUZALA

I-Gynecology kunye neenkonzo zempilo yokuzala zingabandakanya ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kweemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nezifo, kubandakanya:

• Ukungaqhelekanga kwePap smears
• Ubukho be-HPV esemngciphekweni omkhulu
• Ukopha ngokungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi
• I-bacterial vaginosis
• Endometriosis
• Imijikelezo enkulu yokuya exesheni
• Imijikelo yokuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga
• Olunye usulelo lobufazi
• Ii-cysts ze-Ovarian
• Izifo ezivuthayo zepelvic (PID)
• Intlungu yePelvic
• Isifo sePolycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS)
• Isifo se-premenstrual syndrome (PMS) kunye ne-premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
• Zesibeleko fibroids
• Isibeleko kunye nokuhla kwesisu
• Usulelo lobufazi igwele
• Iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela ubufazi kunye nelungu lobufazi

IINKONZO ZOKUKHULELWA NOKUZALA

Ukunyamekelwa rhoqo ngaphambi kokubeleka yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kuko konke ukukhulelwa. Iinkonzo zokukhulelwa nokubeleka zibandakanya:

• Ukucwangcisa nokulungiselela ukukhulelwa, kubandakanya ulwazi malunga nokutya okufanelekileyo, iivithamini zokubeleka, kunye nokuphononongwa kweemeko zonyango esele zikhona kunye namayeza asetyenzisiweyo
• Unonophelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokhathalelo lwasemva kokubeleka
• Ukhathalelo olunomngcipheko ophezulu (iyeza lokubelekisa)
• Ukuncancisa kunye nokonga

IINKONZO ZOKUNGALAMBI

Iingcali zokungachumi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeqela leenkonzo zabasetyhini. Iinkonzo zokungachumi zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuvavanywa ukufumanisa unobangela wokungachumi (unobangela awusoloko ufumaneka)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nemifanekiso yokujonga ii-ovulation
• Unyango lokungachumi
• Ukucebisa kwizibini ezijongene nokungabikho komntwana okanye ukulahleka komntwana

Iindidi zonyango lokungachumi olunokubonelelwa lubandakanya:

• Amayeza okukhuthaza i-ovulation
• Ukufakwa ngaphakathi
• In vitro fertilization (IVF)
• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) -ukufakwa inaliti yesidoda esinye ngqo kwiqanda
• Ukuhlanjululwa kombungu: Ukuqanda umbungu ukuze usetyenziswe kamva
• Umnikelo weqanda
• Ubume bebhanki

IINKONZO ZOKUNonophela

Iqela leenkonzo zabasetyhini linokunceda ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni iimeko ezinxulumene nesinyi. Iimeko ezinxulumene nesinyi ezinokuchaphazela abasetyhini zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuphazamiseka kokukhupha isinyi
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle komchamo kunye nesinyi esingaphezulu kokusebenza
• I-cystitis yangaphakathi
• Ukuhamba kwesinyi

Ukuba unesimo sesinyi, ingcali yezempilo yabasetyhini inokucebisa ukuba wenze umthambo kaKegel ukomeleza izihlunu kumgangatho wakho we-pelvic.

EZINYE IINKONZO ZEMPILO YABAFAZI

• Utyando lwezithambiso kunye nokhathalelo lolusu, kubandakanya nomhlaza wolusu
• Ukutya kunye neenkonzo zesondlo
• Unonophelo lwengqondo kunye neengcebiso kwabasetyhini abajongana nokuphathwa gadalala okanye ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo
• Iinkonzo zokuphazamiseka kokulala
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya

UNYANGO NENKQUBO

Amalungu eqela leenkonzo zabasetyhini enza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango kunye neenkqubo. Phakathi kwezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Icandelo leCesarean (icandelo le-C)
• Ukupheliswa kwe-Endometrial
• I-biopsy ye-Endometrium
• I&M
• Isitshisi
• IHysteroscopy
• I-Mastectomy kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwebele
• Iiparvic laparoscopy
• Iinkqubo zokunyanga utshintsho olusondeleyo lomlomo wesibeleko (LEEP, Cone biopsy)
• Iinkqubo zokunyanga ukungabikho komchamo
• Tubal ligation kunye nokubuyiselwa umva kwenzalo tubal
• Ukudityaniswa komthambo wesibeleko

NGUBANI OKUKHATHALELAYO

Iqela leenkonzo zabasetyhini liquka oogqirha kunye nabanikezeli bezempilo abavela kwizakhono ezahlukeneyo. Iqela linokubandakanya:

• Obstetrician / gynecologist (ob / gyn) - Ugqirha ofumene uqeqesho olongezelelweyo kunyango lokukhulelwa, iingxaki kumalungu okuzala, kunye neminye imiba yezempilo yabasetyhini.
• Ogqirha ngokubanzi abajolise kukhathalelo lwebele.
• I-Perinatologist -I-ob / gyn efumene uqeqesho ngakumbi kwaye igxile kunyango lokukhulelwa okusemngciphekweni omkhulu.
• I-Radiologist -Oogqirha abafumene uqeqesho olongezelelweyo kunye nokutolikwa kwemifanekiso eyahlukeneyo kunye nokwenza iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo besebenzisa itekhnoloji yokucinga ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka okunje nge-uterine fibroids.
• Umncedisi kagqirha (PA).
• Unyango lokuqala.
• Umongikazi (NP).
• Abongikazi ababelekisi.

Olu luhlu alunakubandakanywa konke.

IFreund KM. Indlela yempilo yabasetyhini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 224.

IHuppe AI, iTeal CB, iBrem yeRF. Isikhokelo sikagqirha esisebenzayo sokucinga ngemibele. Ku: ICameron AM, uCameron JL, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lotyando. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2020: 712-718.

Lobo RA. Ukungachumi: i-etiology, uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo, ulawulo, isifo. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, ii-eds. Gynecology egqibeleleyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 42.

IMendiratta V, iLentz GM. Imbali, uvavanyo lomzimba, kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, ii-eds. Gynecology egqibeleleyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 7.