Isitofu sokugonya i-Hepatitis B-Into ekufuneka uyazi

Wonke umxholo ongezantsi uthathwe uwonke kwiNgxelo yeNgcaciso ye-CDC Hepatitis B (VIS): www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/hep-b.html

Ulwazi lweCDC lokujonga kwakhona i-Hepatitis B VIS:

• Iphepha lokugqibela elihlaziyiweyo: Agasti 15, 2019
• Iphepha lokugqibela ukuhlaziywa: Agasti 15, 2019
• Umhla wokukhutshwa kwe-VIS: I-Auguset 15, 2019

1. Kutheni ugonywa nje?

Ugonyo lwe-Hepatitis B inokuthintela hepatitis B. I-Hepatitis B sisifo sesibindi esinokubangela ukugula kancinane okuhlala iiveki ezimbalwa, okanye kunokukhokelela kwisifo esibi, esingapheliyo.

• Usulelo olunamandla lwe-hepatitis B sisigulo sethutyana esingakhokelela kumkhuhlane, ukudinwa, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, i-jaundice (ulusu olumthubi okanye amehlo, umchamo omnyama, ukuhamba kwamathumbu anombala wodongwe), kunye nentlungu kwimisipha, amalungu kunye nesisu.
• Usulelo lwe-hepatitis B engapheliyo sisigulo sexesha elide esenzeka xa intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ihlala emzimbeni womntu. Uninzi lwabantu abaqhubeka nokukhulisa i-hepatitis B engapheliyo abanazo iimpawu, kodwa kusenzima kakhulu kwaye kunokubangela ukonakala kwesibindi (i-cirrhosis), umhlaza wesibindi kunye nokufa. Abantu abosuleleke ngokungapheliyo banokusasaza intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B kwabanye, nokuba abaziva okanye babonakala begula ngokwabo.

IHepatitis B isasazeka xa igazi, amadlozi, okanye olunye ulwelo lomzimba olosuleleke yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ingena emzimbeni womntu ongosulelekanga. Abantu banokosulelwa ngokuthi:

• Ukuzalwa (ukuba umama une-hepatitis B, usana lwakhe lunokosuleleka)
• Ukwabelana ngezinto ezinje ngeencakuba okanye ngebrashi yamazinyo nomntu osulelekileyo
• Ukuqhagamshelana negazi okanye izilonda ezivulekileyo zomntu osulelekileyo
• Ukwabelana ngesondo neqabane elosulelekileyo
• Ukwabelana ngeenaliti, iisirinji, okanye ezinye izixhobo zokutofa iziyobisi
• Ukuchazwa kwigazi elivela kwimilenze okanye ezinye izixhobo ezibukhali

Uninzi lwabantu abagonywe ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B bakhuselekile ubomi babo bonke.

2. Isitofu sokugonya i-Hepatitis B. 

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hepatitis B sihlala sinikezelwa njenge-2, 3, okanye 4 shots.

Iintsana kufuneka bafumane idosi yabo yokuqala yokugonya i-hepatitis B ekuzalweni kwaye bahlala begqibezela uthotho kwiinyanga ezintandathu ubudala (ngamanye amaxesha kuya kuthatha ixesha elingaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6 ukugqiba uthotho).

Abantwana kunye nolutsha abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala abangekafumani iyeza lokugonya kufuneka nabo bagonywe.

• Isitofu sokugonya se-Hepatitis B sikwacetyiswa nakwabanye abantu abadala abangafumananga isitofu:
• Abantu abanamaqabane esondo ane-hepatitis B
• Abantu ababelana ngesondo abangahlali ixesha elide kubudlelwane bomntu omnye
• Abantu abafuna uvavanyo okanye unyango lwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo
• Amadoda abelana ngesondo namanye amadoda
• Abantu ababelana ngeenaliti, iisirinji, okanye ezinye izixhobo zokutofa iziyobisi
• Abantu abanonxibelelwano lwasekhaya nomntu osuleleke yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B
• Ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nabasebenzi bokhuseleko loluntu abasemngciphekweni wokuchaphazeleka kwigazi okanye kulwelo lomzimba
• Abahlali nabasebenzi bamaziko abantu abakhubazekileyo abakhulayo
• Abantu abakumaziko oluleko
• Amaxhoba okuhlaselwa ngokwesondo okanye ukuxhatshazwa
• Abahambi ukuya kwimimandla enamazinga anyukayo e-hepatitis B
• Abantu abanesifo esingapheliyo sesibindi, isifo sezintso, usulelo lwe-HIV, usulelo lwe-hepatitis C, okanye isifo seswekile
• Nabani na ofuna ukukhuselwa kwi-hepatitis B

Ugonyo lwe-Hepatitis B lunokunikwa ngaxeshanye nezinye izitofu zokugonya.

3. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. 

Xelela umboneleli wakho wokugonya ukuba ngaba umntu ofumana isitofu sokugonya:

• Ngaba une uxabane emva kwethamo elidlulileyo lokugonya i-hepatitis B, okanye unayo kakhulu, iingozi komzimba.

Kwezinye iimeko, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuthatha isigqibo sokumisa ugonyo lwe-hepatitis B kutyelelo oluzayo.

Abantu abanezigulo ezingephi, ezinjengomkhuhlane, banokugonywa. Abantu abagula ngokungagungqiyo okanye abagula kakhulu kufuneka bahlala belinde de bachache ngaphambi kokufumana isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis B.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo angakunika ulwazi oluthe kratya.

4. Umngcipheko wempendulo yesitofu sokugonya. 

• Ukudakumba apho kunikezelwa khona okanye ifiva inokwenzeka emva kogonyo lwe-hepatitis B.

Abantu ngamanye amaxesha bayaphela emva kweenkqubo zonyango, kubandakanya nokugonya. Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba uziva unesiyezi okanye unombono otshintshayo okanye ukhala ezindlebeni.

Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, kukho ithuba elikude kakhulu lokugonya elibangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo, okunye ukwenzakala okunzima, okanye ukufa.

5. Kuthekani ukuba kukho ingxaki enzulu?

Ukungadibani nezinto emzimbeni kunokwenzeka emva kokuba umntu ogonyiweyo eshiye ikliniki. Ukuba ubona iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba (urticaria, ukudumba kobuso kunye nomqala, ukuphefumla nzima, ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, isiyezi, okanye ubuthathaka), tsalela umnxeba u-9-1-1 kwaye umse kwisibhedlele esikufutshane.

Ngezinye iimpawu ezikukhathazayo, tsalela umnikezeli wakho wezempilo.

Iziphumo ezingalunganga kufuneka zixelwe kwiNkqubo yokuNika ingxelo ngezeNtsholongwane (VAERS). Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uhlala efaka le ngxelo, okanye ungayenza ngokwakho. Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi ye-VAERS apha www.vaers.hhs.gov okanye utsalele umnxeba 1-800-822-7967. VI-AERS yeyokuphendula kuphela, kwaye abasebenzi be-VAERS ababoneleli ngonyango.

6. INkqubo kaZwelonke yeMbuyekezo ngezeMali yokuThintela uKonzakala. 

INkqubo kaZwelonke yokuXhasa uNyango yokuThintela ukuVavanya (i-VICP) yinkqubo yomdibaniso eyenzelwe ukuhlawulela abantu abanokwenzakala zizitofu ezithile. Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi ye-VICP apha www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation okanye utsalele umnxeba 1-800-338-2382 ukufunda ngenkqubo kunye nokugcwalisa ibango. Kukho umda wexesha lokufaka ibango kwimbuyekezo.

7. Ndingafunda njani ngakumbi?

• Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo.
• Tsalela umnxeba isebe lezempilo lasekuhlaleni okanye likarhulumente.

Qhagamshelana namaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noKhuseleko (CDC):

• Tsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) okanye
• Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yeCDC ku-www.cdc.gov/vaccines

• Isitofu

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Iingxelo zolwazi lokugonya (VIS): IHepatitis B VIS. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statement/hep-b.html. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Agasti 15, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngo-Agasti 23, 2019.