Ngokufutshane kusonjululwe umcimbi ongachazwanga - IBREUE

Isiganeko esifutshane esombululekileyo esingachazwanga (i-BRUE) kuxa usana olungaphantsi konyaka luyeka ukuphefumla, lutshintshe ithoni yezihlunu, lujike lumbala okanye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala, okanye aluphenduli. Esi siganeko senzeka ngesiquphe, sihlala ngaphantsi kwemizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60, kwaye siyothusa kumntu onakekela usana.

I-BRUE ikhona kuphela xa kungekho nkcazo ngomsitho emva kwembali egqibeleleyo kunye noviwo. Igama elidala elisetyenziselwa ezi ntlobo zeziganeko yinto ebonakalayo esongela ubomi (i-ALTE).

Akucaci ukuba ezi ziganeko zenzeka kangaphi.

I-BRUE ayifani nesifo sokufa kweentsana ngequbuliso (SIDS). AKUKHO into efanayo namabinzana amadala anje ngala "kufutshane nokuphosa i-SIDS" okanye "ukubulawa kwabantu kwi-crib death," engasasetyenziswayo.

Iziganeko ezibandakanya utshintsho ekuphefumlweni kosana, umbala, ithoni yemisipha, okanye indlela yokuziphatha inokubangelwa yingxaki yezonyango. Kodwa ezi ziganeko ngekhe zithathelwe ingqalelo njenge-BRUE. Ezinye zezizathu zeziganeko ezingezizo i-BRUE zibandakanya:

• Reflux emva kokutya
• Usulelo olunamandla (njenge-bronchiolitis, ukukhwehlela)
• Iziphene zokuzalwa ezibandakanya ubuso, umqala, okanye intamo
• Iziphene zokuzalwa zentliziyo okanye imiphunga
• Ukunyanga komzimba
• Ingqondo, imithambo-luvo, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha
• Uhlukunyezo lwabantwana
• Ukuphazamiseka okuthile okungaqhelekanga kwimfuzo

Isizathu esithile somsitho sifunyanwa malunga nesiqingatha sexesha. Kubantwana abasempilweni abanesiganeko esinye kuphela, unobangela kunqabile ukuba uchongwe.

Izinto ezinobungozi kwi-BRUE zezi:

• Isiqendu sangaphambi kokuba umntwana ayeke ukuphefumla, ajike ajike, okanye abe nombala oluhlaza
• Iingxaki zokondla
• Intloko ebandayo okanye i-bronchitis
• Ubudala obungaphantsi kweeveki ezili-10

Ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi, ukuzalwa kwangoko, okanye ukubhengeza ukutshaya okulandelayo kunokuba nemingcipheko.

Ezi ziganeko kunokwenzeka ukuba zenzeke kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala zobomi naphakathi kwe-8 kusasa kunye ne-8 pm.

IBREUE ibandakanya enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Utshintsho lokuphefumla- nokuba akukho mzamo ekuphefumleni, ukuphefumla ngobunzima obukhulu, okanye ukunciphisa ukuphefumla
• Utshintsho lwemibala-ihlala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ibala (uninzi lweentsana lujika lube bomvu, xa ulila umzekelo, ke oku akubonisi i-BRUE)
• Utshintsho kwithoni yemisipha- amaxesha amaninzi bahlala beqhwalela, kodwa banokuba lukhuni
• Guqula kwinqanaba lokuphendula

Ukutswina okanye ukugoba kuthetha ukuba umsitho kungenzeka ukuba wawungeyiyo i-BRUE. Ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa yi-Reflux.

Umboneleli wezempilo uyakukucela ukuba uchaze okwenzekileyo ngexesha lomsitho. Umboneleli uya kubuza malunga:

• Ezinye izehlo ezinje ngale yexesha elidlulileyo
• Ezinye iingxaki zonyango ezaziwayo
• Amayeza, amayeza esintu, okanye iivithamini ezingaphezulu ezisenokufunyanwa lusana
• Amanye amayeza ekhaya umntwana ngewayewathathile
• Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokubeleka, okanye ekuzalweni, okanye ukuzalwa kwangoko
• Abantakwenu okanye abantwana abasendlwini nabo banolu hlobo lomsitho
• Iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni okanye utywala obuninzi endlwini
• Phambi kweengxelo zoxhatshazo

Xa usenza isigqibo sokuba kufuneka uvavanyo oluninzi, umboneleli uya kuqaphela:

• Uhlobo lomsitho owenzekileyo
• Zazinzima kangakanani iimpawu
• Yintoni eyayisenzeka kanye phambi komsitho
• Ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezikhoyo okanye ezifumaneka kuvavanyo lomzimba

Uvavanyo lomzimba luyakwenziwa, kutshekishwa:

• Iimpawu zosulelo, umothuko, okanye ukuxhatshazwa
• Inqanaba leoksijini ephantsi
• Intliziyo engaqhelekanga iyavakala
• Iimpawu zokukhubazeka kokuzalwa okubandakanya ubuso, umqala, okanye intamo enokubangela iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Iimpawu zokusebenza kwengqondo engaqhelekanga

Ukuba akukho ziphumo zokuphakamisa umngcipheko ophezulu we-BRUE, iimvavanyo zelebhu kunye neemvavanyo zokucinga zihlala zingafuneki. Ukuba ukukrwitshwa okanye ukukhefuza kwenzeka ngexesha lokondla kwaye usana luchacha ngokukhawuleza, uvavanyo oluninzi alusayi kufuneka.

Izinto ezibonisa umngcipheko ophezulu wokuphindaphinda okanye ubukho besizathu esibi kubandakanya:

• Iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala
• Ukuzalwa kwiiveki ezingama-32 okanye ngaphambili
• Ngaphezulu komsitho omnye
• Iziqendu ezihlala ixesha elingaphezulu komzuzu omnye
• I-CPR ngumboneleli oqeqeshiweyo yayifuneka
• Iimpawu zokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana

Ukuba kukho izinto ezinobungozi, ukuvavanywa okunokwenziwa kubandakanya:

• Inani elipheleleyo legazi (CBC) ukujonga iimpawu zosulelo okanye i-anemia.
• Iprofayile ye-metabolic yokujonga iingxaki ngendlela ezisebenza ngayo izintso kunye nesibindi. Amanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-calcium, iprotheni, iswekile yegazi, i-magnesium, isodiyam, kunye ne-potassium inokufumaneka.
• Umchamo okanye isikrini segazi ukukhangela iziyobisi okanye iityhefu.
• I-x-ray yesifuba.
• Ukujonga iHolter okanye i-echocardiogram yeengxaki zentliziyo.
• I-CT okanye iMRI yengqondo.
• I-Laryngoscopy okanye i-bronchoscopy.
• Uvavanyo lokuvavanya intliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-pertussis.
• Ukulala ufunda.
• IX-reyi yamathambo ekhangela umothuko wangaphambili.
• Ukuvavanywa kokuphazamiseka kwemfuza okwahlukileyo.

Ukuba umsitho ubufutshane, ungafakwanga zimpawu zokuphefumla okanye iingxaki zentliziyo, walungiswa wedwa, umntwana wakho ngekhe afune ukuhlala esibhedlele.

Izizathu zokuba umntwana wakho amkelwe ebusuku kubandakanya:

• Umsitho ububandakanya iimpawu ezibonisa esona sizathu sibi.
• Ukuxakaniseka okanye ukungahoywa.
• Ityhefu ekrokrelwayo.
• Umntwana ubonakala engaphilanga okanye engakhuli kakuhle.
• Kufuneka ubeke iliso okanye ugcine ngelixa usondla.
• Inkxalabo malunga nokukwazi kwabazali ukukhathalela umntwana.

Ukuba wamkelwe, ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana wakho kunye nokuphefumla kuya kujongwa.

Umboneleli unokucebisa ukuba wena kunye nabanye abanonopheli:

• Beka usana lwakho emqolo xa ulele okanye ulele. Ubuso bakhe bukhululekile.
• Gwema izinto zokulala ezithambileyo. Iintsana kufuneka zibekwe kumatrasi oqinileyo, ofanelekileyo. Sebenzisa iphepha elikhanyayo ukogquma umntwana. Sukusebenzisa imiqamelo, iicomforters, okanye iiquilts.
• Kuphephe ukubhencwa ngumsi wecuba.
• Cinga ngeetyuwa zempumlo okanye usebenzise ibhalbhu yempumlo ukuba impumlo ixinene.
• Funda iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphendula kuyo nayiphi na imicimbi ezayo. Oku kubandakanya AKUKHO ukushukumisa usana. Umboneleli wakho unokuyalela.
• Kuphephe ukutyisa kakhulu, yenza iburping rhoqo ngexesha lokondla, kwaye ubambe usana lume nkqo emva kokondla.
• Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuqinisa ukutya komntwana wakho okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza anciphisa i-asidi kunye nereflux.

Nangona ingaqhelekanga, izixhobo zokujonga ekhaya zinokucetyiswa.

Rhoqo, le micimbi ayinabungozi kwaye ayisiyongxaki yeengxaki zempilo okanye ukufa.

I-BRUE ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibe yingozi yokufa ngokukhawuleza kweentsana (SIDS). Uninzi lwamaxhoba e-SIDS alunazo naziphi na iintlobo zeziganeko kwangaphambili.

Umntwana onobungozi kwi-BRUE unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphindaphinda okanye ubukho besizathu esibi.

Tsalela umnxeba kwangoko ukuba kurhanelwa ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana. Iimpawu ezinokubakho zokuphathwa gadalala zibandakanya:

• Ityhefu okanye ukwenzakala entloko okungabangelwa yingozi
• Ukuqunjelwa okanye eminye imiqondiso yokwenzakala kwangaphambili
• Xa izehlo zenzeka kuphela phambi komgcini womntu omnye xa kungekho ngxaki zempilo zifunyanwa njengesizathu sale misitho

Isiganeko esisongela ubomi; NGAPHAKATHI

UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM. Ulawulo lokuphefumla. Ku: UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM, ii-eds. UNelson oBalulekileyo kwiPediatrics. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 134.

UTieder JS, uBonkowsky JL, uEtzel RA, et al; Ikomitana engezantsi kweMicimbi yokuSongela uBomi. Ngokufutshane kusonjululwe izehlo ezingachazwanga (ezazisenzeka ngaphambili ezazisongela ubomi) kunye novavanyo lweentsana ezinobungozi obuncinci. IPediatrics. Ngo-2016; 137 (5). IINKCUKACHA: 27244835 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27244835/.