I-insulin Glulisine (imvelaphi ye-rDNA) Inaliti

Umxholo

• Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-insulin glulisine,
• I-insulin glulisine inokubangela utshintsho kwiswekile esegazini. Kuya kufuneka uyazi iimpawu zeswekile esezantsi kunye ephezulu yegazi kwaye wenzeni ukuba unayo le miqondiso.
• I-insulin glulisine inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana enye yezi mpawu, biza ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza okanye ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo:
• I-insulin glulisine overdose inokwenzeka ukuba usebenzisa i-insulin kakhulu okanye ukuba usebenzisa isixa esifanelekileyo se-insulin glulisine kodwa utye kancinci kunesiqhelo okanye wenze umthambo ngaphezu kwesiqhelo. I-insulin glulisine overdose inokubangela i-hypoglycemia. Ukuba unempawu zehypoglycemia, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nento ekufuneka uyenzile ukuba ukhulisa i-hypoglycemia. Ezinye iimpawu zokudlula ngaphezulu zinokubandakanya:

I-insulin glulisine isetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo seswekile sokuqala (imeko apho umzimba ungayenziyo i-insulin kwaye ngenxa yoko ayinakho ukulawula ubungakanani beswekile esegazini). Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 (imeko apho iswekile yegazi iphezulu kakhulu kuba umzimba awuvelisi okanye usebenzise i-insulin ngokwesiqhelo) abafuna i-insulin ukulawula isifo seswekile. Kwizigulana ezine-type 1 yeswekile, i-insulin glulisine ihlala isetyenziswa nolunye uhlobo lwe-insulin, ngaphandle kokuba isetyenziswa kwimpompo ye-insulin yangaphandle. Kwizigulana ezinesifo seswekile sesi-2, i-insulin glulisine nayo inokusetyenziswa nolunye uhlobo lwe-insulin okanye amayeza omlomo eswekile. I-insulin glulisine yinguqulelo emfutshane, eyenziwe ngumntu ye-insulin yomntu. I-insulin glulisine isebenza ngokutshintsha i-insulin edla ngokuveliswa ngumzimba nangokunceda ukuhambisa iswekile egazini iye kwezinye izicwili zomzimba apho isetyenziselwa khona amandla. Ikwanqanda isibindi ekuveliseni iswekile engaphezulu.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, abantu abanesifo seswekile kunye neswekile ephezulu yegazi banokuba neengxaki ezinzulu okanye ezisongela ubomi, kubandakanya isifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, iingxaki zezintso, ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kunye neengxaki zamehlo. Sebenzisa amayeza, ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (umzekelo, ukutya, ukwenza umthambo, ukuyeka ukutshaya), kunye nokujonga iswekile yegazi rhoqo kunokunceda ukulawula isifo seswekile kunye nokuphucula impilo yakho. Olu nyango lunokunciphisa amathuba akho okuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile ezinje ngokusilela kwezintso, ukulimala kwentliziyo (ukubindeka, imilenze ebandayo okanye iinyawo; ukunciphisa amandla ezesondo kumadoda nabasetyhini), iingxaki zamehlo, kubandakanya notshintsho okanye ukulahleka kombono, okanye isifo seentsini. Ugqirha wakho kunye nabanye ababoneleli ngempilo bayakuthetha nawe ngeyona ndlela yokulawula isifo sakho seswekile.

I-insulin glulisine iza njengesisombululo (ulwelo) ukujova ngendlela engaphantsi (phantsi kolusu). Ihlala itofwe ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi kokutya okanye kwimizuzu engama-20 emva kokuqala isidlo. Landela izikhokelo kwileyibhile yakho yonyango ngononophelo, kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ukuba achaze nayiphi na indawo ongayiqondiyo. Sebenzisa i-insulin glulisine kanye njengoko kuyalelwe. Sukuyisebenzisa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi okanye uyisebenzise rhoqo kunokuyalelwa ngugqirha.

Ungaze usebenzise i-insulin glulisine xa uneempawu zehypoglycemia (iswekile esezantsi yegazi) okanye ukuba ujonge iswekile esegazini lakho wayifumana iphantsi. Sukujova i-insulin kwindawo yolusu ebomvu, idumbileyo, irhawuzele, okanye iqine.

I-insulin glulisine ilawula isifo seswekile kodwa ayisinyangi. Qhubeka nokusebenzisa i-insulin glulisine nokuba uziva uphilile. Ungayeki ukusebenzisa i-insulin glulisine ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Musa ukutshintshela kolunye uphawu okanye uhlobo lwe-insulin okanye utshintshe idosi yalo naluphi na uhlobo lwe-insulin oyisebenzisayo ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ngalo lonke ixesha jonga iilebhile ye-insulin ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ufumene uhlobo olululo lwe-insulin ekhemesti.

I-insulin glulisine iza ngeebhotile nakwiipeni zokufaka idosi ezineekhatriji zamayeza. Qiniseka ukuba uyazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwesikhongozeli sakho i-insulin glulisine engenayo kwaye zeziphi ezinye izinto, ezinjengeenaliti, iisirinji, okanye iipeni, kuya kufuneka ujonge iyeza lakho.

Ukuba i-insulin glulisine yakho iza ngeebhotile, kuya kufuneka usebenzise iisirinji ukutofa idosi yakho. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti akubonise indlela yokujova i-insulin glulisine usebenzisa isirinji. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ukuba unemibuzo malunga nohlobo lwesirinji ekufuneka uyisebenzisile.

Ukuba i-insulin glargine yakho iza ezibayeni, qiniseka ukuba uyayiqonda kwaye uyayiqonda imiyalelo yomenzi. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemisti akubonise indlela yokusebenzisa usiba. Landela umkhombandlela ngononophelo, kwaye uhlale usenza uvavanyo lokhuseleko ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.

Ungaze uphinde usebenzise iinaliti okanye iisirinji kwaye ungaze wabelane ngeenaliti, iisirinji okanye iipeni. Ukuba usebenzisa ipeni ye-insulin, soloko ususa inaliti emva nje kokuba utofile idosi yakho. Lahla iinaliti kunye neesirinji kwisikhongozeli esinganyangekiyo. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ngendlela yokusilahla isikhongozeli esinganyangekiyo.

Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba udibanise i-insulin glulisine nolunye uhlobo lwe-insulin (NPH insulin [Novolin N, Humulin N]) kwisirinji efanayo. Sukuxuba okanye ungxengxe i-insulin glulisine ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lwe-insulin. Ukuba uxuba i-insulin glulisine kunye ne-NPH insulin, zoba i-insulin glulisine kwisirinji kuqala, emva koko zoba i-NPH insulin kwisirinji kwaye ufake isisombululo kwangoko emva kokuxuba.

Ungayifaka i-insulin glulisine emathangeni akho, isisu, okanye iingalo ezingaphezulu. Ungaze utofe i-insulin glulisine emthanjeni okanye kwimisipha. Guqula (jikelezisa) indawo yenaliti kwindawo ekhethiweyo kunye nedosi nganye; zama ukunqanda ukujova indawo enye rhoqo kunakuqala kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2.

Ngalo lonke ixesha jonga i-insulin glulisine yakho ngaphambi kokuba uyitofa. Kufuneka icace kwaye ingenambala. Sukuyisebenzisa i-insulin glulisine yakho ukuba inemibala, inamafu, okanye inezinto ezomeleleyo, okanye ukuba umhla wokuphelelwa kwebhotile udlulile.

I-insulin glulisine nayo inokusetyenziswa ngempompo ye-insulin yangaphandle. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-insulin glulisine kwinkqubo yempompo, funda ileyibhile yempompo ukuqinisekisa ukuba impompo inokusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa okuqhubekayo kwe-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza. Funda incwadana yemibhobho yokumpompa malunga nendawo yokugcina amanzi kunye neeseti zemibhobho, kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti akubonise indlela yempompo ye-insulin. Musa ukungxengxeza nge-insulin glulisine okanye uyixube nalo naluphi na uhlobo lwe-insulin xa uyisebenzisa kwimpompo ye-insulin yangaphandle. I-insulin glulisine esetyenziswe kwimpompo yangaphandle ye-insulin kufuneka ifakwe kwisisu sakho. Xa usebenzisa i-insulin glulisine kwimpompo yangaphandle ye-insulin, buyisela i-insulin echibini kwaye utshintshe indawo yokuthambisa, inaliti, kunye nokufakwa (kwindawo apho impompo iqhotyoshelwe khona emzimbeni) ubuncinci qho kwiiyure ezingama-48. Ukuba indawo yokungeniswa ibomvu, irhawuzelela, okanye iqina, xelela ugqirha wakho kwaye usebenzise indawo eyahlukileyo yokumnika.

Xa usebenzisa i-insulin glulisine kwimpompo yangaphandle ye-insulin, iswekile ephezulu yegazi inokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba impompo iyeka ukusebenza kakuhle okanye ukuba i-insulin ekwipompo yokugcina amanzi ivele elangeni ngqo okanye kumaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe-98.6 ° F (37 ° C). Iswekile ephezulu yegazi inokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba i-tubing iyavuza okanye iyavalwa, inqanyulwe, okanye iikhinki. Kuya kufuneka ukuba utshintshe iseti yokungenisa kunye ne-insulin kwimpompo okanye kwindawo yokumnika ukuba uneswekile ephezulu yegazi, isandi sokumpompa, okanye ukuhamba kwe-insulin kuvaliwe. Ukuba ingxaki ayinakufumaneka ngokukhawuleza kwaye ilungiswe, tsalela ugqirha kwangoko. Kuya kufuneka usebenzise i-insulin okwethutyana ngenaliti engaphantsi (usebenzisa iisringana okanye usiba lwe-insulin). Qiniseka ukuba unayo i-back-up insulin kunye nayo nayiphi na into eyimfuneko ngesandla, kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemisi akubonise indlela yokuzisebenzisa.

Buza usokhemesti okanye ugqirha wakho ngekopi yolwazi lomenzi wesigulana.

Eli yeza linokumiselwa ezinye izinto; buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-insulin glulisine,

• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba ngaba uyaliwa yi-insulin (Humulin, Novolin, abanye), naziphi na izithako ze-insulin glulisine, okanye amanye amayeza. Buza usokhemesti wakho okanye ujonge ulwazi lomenzi wesigulana uluhlu lwezithako.
• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba yeyiphi na amayeza kagqirha kunye nalawo angabhaliswanga, iivithamini, izongezo zesondlo, kunye nemveliso yamayeza owathathayo okanye oceba ukuyithatha. Qiniseka ukuba ukhankanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo: i-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors enjenge benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), moexipcil ( , perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace), kunye netrandolapril (Mavik); ii-beta blockers ezinje nge-atenolol (Tenormin), labetalol (Normodyne), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), nadolol (Corgard), kunye nepropranolol (Inderal); amayeza athile anciphisa i-cholesterol njenge-fenofibrate (Antara, Lofibra, TriCor, Triglide), gemfibrozil (Lopid), kunye ne-niacin (i-Niacor, i-Niaspan, kwi-Advicor); clonidine (Catapres, Catapres-TTS, eClorpres); idanazol; iDisopyramide (iNorpace); umchamo ('iipilisi zamanzi'); i-fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem, kwi-Symbyax); iglucagon (iGlucagen); Unyango lwehormone; isoniazid (INH, Nydrazid); lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid); amayeza umbefu kunye nemikhuhlane; amayeza athile kwintsholongwane (HIV) kubandakanya amprenavir (Agenerase), atazanavir (Reyataz), fosamprenavir (Lexiva), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir (e Kaletra), nelfinavir (Viracept), ritonavir (e Kaletra, Norvir), saquina (Invirase), kunye netipranavir (Aptivus); amayeza okugula ngengqondo kunye nesicaphucaphu; i-monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors enjenge-isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), kunye ne-tranylcypromine (iParnate); izinto zokucwangcisa zehomoni (iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa, iipatches, iiringi, inaliti, okanye izinto zokufakelwa); i-octreotide (iSandostatin); amayeza ngomlomo seswekile; i-steroids yomlomo efana ne-dexamethasone (i-Decadron, i-Dexone), i-methylprednisolone (Medrol), kunye ne-prednisone (Deltasone); ipentamidine (NebuPent, Pentam); ipentoxifylline (Pentoxil, Trental); pramlintide (Symlin); gqithisela; Iintlungu ze-salicylate zinciphisa i-aspirin, i-choline magnesium trisalicylate (Tricosal, Trilisate), choline salicylate (Arthropan), diflunisal (Dolobid), magnesium salicylate (Doan's, others), kunye ne-salsalate (Argesic, Disalcid, Salgesic); somatropin (Nutropin, Serostem, abanye); isulfa antibiotics; kunye namayeza e-thyroid. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha amayeza akho okanye akubeke esweni ngononophelo kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba wakhe wanomonakalo wemithambo-luvo obangelwe sisifo seswekile okanye naziphi na iimeko zonyango, kubandakanya isifo sezintso okanye sesibindi.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe, cwangcisa ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa. Ukuba ukhulelwa ngelixa usebenzisa i-insulin glulisine, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho.
• ukuba wenza utyando, kubandakanya utyando lwamazinyo, xelela ugqirha okanye ugqirha wamazinyo ukuba usebenzisa i-insulin glulisine.
• utywala kunokubangela utshintsho iswekile yegazi. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo kotywala ngelixa usebenzisa i-insulin glulisine.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba wenzeni ukuba uyagula, ufumane uxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga, okanye utshintshe umthambo kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi. Olu tshintsho lunokuchaphazela iswekile yegazi kunye nenani le-insulin onokuyifuna.
• buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka ujonge kangaphi iswekile yegazi lakho. Yazi ukuba i-hypoglycemia inokuchaphazela amandla akho okwenza imisebenzi enjengokuqhuba kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba ufuna ukujonga iswekile yegazi ngaphambi kokuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini.

Qiniseka ukuba ulandela yonke imithambo kunye nezincomo zokutya ezenziwe ngugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha otya ukutya. Kubalulekile ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokutya malunga nokulingana kweentlobo ezifanayo zokutya malunga namaxesha afanayo suku ngalunye. Ukutsiba okanye ukulibazisa ukutya okanye ukutshintsha inani okanye uhlobo lokutya okutyayo kunokubangela iingxaki kulawulo lweswekile yegazi.

I-insulin glulisine kufuneka itofwe ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi okanye kwimizuzu engama-20 emva kokuqala ukutya. Ukuba kudlule ixesha elithile emva kwesidlo sakho, landela imiyalelo ebonelelwe ngugqirha wakho okanye ubize ugqirha wakho ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba kufanelekile na ukuba utofe idosi ephosiweyo. Sukujoba idosi ephindwe kabini ukulungiselela eyilahlekileyo.

I-insulin glulisine inokubangela utshintsho kwiswekile esegazini. Kuya kufuneka uyazi iimpawu zeswekile esezantsi kunye ephezulu yegazi kwaye wenzeni ukuba unayo le miqondiso.

I-insulin glulisine inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:

• ubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukurhawuzelela kwindawo yenaliti
• Utshintsho kwindlela oziva ngayo ulusu lwakho, ukuqina kolusu (ukwakha amanqatha), okanye ulusu oluncinci kulusu (ukonakala kwamanqatha)
• ukudumba kwezandla neenyawo
• ukutyeba kwakho
• ukuqhina

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana enye yezi mpawu, biza ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza okanye ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo:

• irhashalala kunye / okanye ukurhawuzelela umzimba wonke
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukuvutha
• isiyezi
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• ukubila
• ukukhanya / ukuphelelwa ngamandla
• ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukugwinya
• ubuthathaka
• izihlunu zemithambo
• ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga

I-insulin glulisine inokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki engaqhelekanga ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza.

Gcina iibhotile ze-insulin ezingavulwanga kunye neepeni kwifriji kude nokukhanya. Ungaze uvumele i- insulin glulisine ukuba iqhwalele; Sukusebenzisa i-insulin glulisine efriziwe ngumkhenkce kwaye inyibilikisiwe. Iibhotile ze-insulin ezivuliweyo ezinokufakwa kwifriji okanye zigcinwe kubushushu begumbi, kude nelanga kunye nobushushu, ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-28. Iipeni ezizalisiweyo ezingasetyenziswanga zinokufakwa efrijini okanye zigcinwe kubushushu begumbi, kude nobushushu ngqo kunye nelanga, kangangeentsuku ezingama-28. Iipeni ezizalisiweyo esele zisetyenzisiwe akufuneki zifrijiwe; kufuneka zigcinwe kubushushu begumbi ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-28 emva kokusetyenziswa kokuqala. Ukulahla i-insulin glulisine kunye neepeni emva kweentsuku ezingama-28. Lahla into engavulwanga, efrijiweyo ye-insulin glulisine emva kokuphela komhla wokuphelelwa kwileyibhile. Lahla nayiphi na i-insulin glulisine efriziwe okanye ivezwe bubushushu obugqithisileyo.

Amayeza angafunekiyo kufuneka achithwe ngeendlela ezizodwa zokuqinisekisa ukuba izilwanyana zasekhaya, abantwana kunye nabanye abantu abanakuzisebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, akufuneki uligungxule eli yeza kwindlu yangasese. Endaweni yoko, eyona ndlela yokulahla amayeza akho yinkqubo yokubuyisa amayeza. Thetha kumayeza wakho okanye unxibelelane nesebe lakho lenkunkuma / lokurisayikilisha ukuze ufunde malunga neenkqubo zokubuyisa kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Jonga i-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ngolwazi oluthe kratya ukuba awunakho ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokubuyisa.

Kubalulekile ukugcina onke amayeza ngaphandle kwamehlo kunye nokufikelela kwabantwana njengezikhongozeli ezininzi (ezinje ngeeveki zeepilisi zeveki kunye nezo zamehlo, iikhrim, iipatches, kunye ne-inhalers) azinyangeki kwaye abantwana abancinci banokuzivula ngokulula. Ukukhusela abantwana abancinci kwiityhefu, soloko ukhiya iminqwazi yokhuseleko kwaye ubeke amayeza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo-leyo iphakame kwaye iphakame kwaye ingabonakali kubo kwaye ifikelele kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

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I-insulin glulisine overdose inokwenzeka ukuba usebenzisa i-insulin kakhulu okanye ukuba usebenzisa isixa esifanelekileyo se-insulin glulisine kodwa utye kancinci kunesiqhelo okanye wenze umthambo ngaphezu kwesiqhelo. I-insulin glulisine overdose inokubangela i-hypoglycemia. Ukuba unempawu zehypoglycemia, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nento ekufuneka uyenzile ukuba ukhulisa i-hypoglycemia. Ezinye iimpawu zokudlula ngaphezulu zinokubandakanya:

• ukulahleka kwengqondo
• ukuxhuzula

Gcina lonke ixesha lokudibana nogqirha wakho kunye nelabhoratri. Iswekile yegazi lakho kunye ne-hemoglobin yeglycosylated (HbA1c) kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ukumisela impendulo yakho kwi-insulin glulisine. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela nendlela yokujonga impendulo yakho kwi-insulin ngokulinganisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi ekhaya. Landela le miyalelo ngononophelo.

Kufuneka usoloko unxibe isacholo esichaza isifo seswekile ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka.

Musa ukuvumela omnye umntu asebenzise amayeza akho. Buza usokhemesti wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga nokuzalisa amayeza akho.

Kubalulekile ukuba ugcine uluhlu olubhaliweyo lwawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinjengeevithamini, iiminerali, okanye ezinye izongezo zokutya. Kuya kufuneka uze nolu luhlu qho xa undwendwela ugqirha okanye ungeniswe esibhedlele. Kukwabalulekile ulwazi ukuba uphathe nawe xa kukho imeko kaxakeka.

• Apidra^®