Yintoni iAkathisia?

Umxholo

• I-Akathisia vs tardive dykinesia
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Unyango lweAkathisia
• I-Akathisia ibangela kunye nemingcipheko
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

I-Akathisia yimeko ebangela imvakalelo yokungazinzi kunye nemfuno engxamisekileyo yokuhamba. Igama livela kwigama lesiGrike elithi "akathemi," elithetha ukuba "ungaze uhlale phantsi."

I-Akathisia yimpembelelo yecala elidala, isizukulwana sokuqala se-antipsychotic drug esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko zempilo yengqondo ezifana ne-bipolar disorder kunye ne-schizophrenia, kodwa inokuthi yenzeke kunye ne-antipsychotics entsha. Phakathi kwama-20 ukuya kuma-75 epesenti yabantu abathatha la mayeza baneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ngakumbi kwiiveki zokuqala emva kokuba beqale unyango.

Imeko yahlulwe yaziindidi ngokusekwe xa iqala:

• Akathisia ikhula msinyane nje emva kokuba uqale ukuthatha iyeza, kwaye ihlala ixesha elingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu.
• Tardive akathisia yenzeka emva kweenyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokuba uthathe iyeza.
• Akathisia engapheliyo ihlala ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu.

I-Akathisia vs tardive dykinesia

Oogqirha banokwenza impazamo akathisia kolunye uhlobo lwentshukumo olubizwa ngokuba yi-tardive dyskinesia. I-Tardive dyskinesia yenye yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango ngamayeza antipsychotic. Ibangela ukunyakaza okungahleliwe-rhoqo ebusweni, kwiingalo, nakwisiqu. I-Akathisia ichaphazela ikakhulu imilenze.

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kweemeko kukuba abantu abane-tardive dyskinesia abaqondi ukuba bayahamba. Abo bane-akathisia bayazi ukuba bayashukuma, kwaye iintshukumo ziyabacaphukisa.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Abantu abane-akathisia baziva benomnqweno ongalawulekiyo wokuhamba kunye nemvakalelo yokungazinzi. Ukuphelisa umnqweno, bazibandakanya ekuphindaphindeni iintshukumo ezinje ngezi:

• ukugungqa ngapha nangapha umile okanye uhleli
• ukutshintsha ubunzima ukusuka komnye umlenze uye kolunye
• ukuhamba endaweni
• ukuhamba
• Ukurhuqa ngelixa uhamba
• ukuphakamisa iinyawo ngokungathi uyahamba
• ukuwela nokunganqamli imilenze okanye ukujija umlenze omnye uhleli

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ukuxhalaba okanye ukothuka
• ukucaphuka
• ukungabi namonde

Unyango lweAkathisia

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala ngokukususa kwichiza elibangelwe yi-akathisia. Amayeza ambalwa asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-akathisia, kubandakanya:

• amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi
• i-benzodiazepines, uhlobo lwe-tranquilizer
• iziyobisi ezichasene ne-anticholinergic
• iziyobisi ezichasene nentsholongwane

I-Vitamin B-6 inokukunceda. Kwizifundo, amanani aphezulu (i-1,200 milligrams) ye-vitamin B-6 ephuculweyo yeempawu ze-akathisia. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iimeko ze-akathisia eziza kukwazi ukunyangwa ngamayeza.

I-Akathisia kulula ukuyikhusela kunokunyanga. Ukuba ufuna ichiza lokuthintela intsholongwane, ugqirha wakho kufuneka akuqale ngeyona dosi iphantsi kwaye ayonyuse kancinci ngexesha.

Ukusebenzisa amayeza amatsha okulwa neentsholongwane kunganciphisa umngcipheko we-akathisia. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye nokuba amachiza amatsha antipsychotic anokubangela olu phawu.

I-Akathisia ibangela kunye nemingcipheko

I-Akathisia sisiphumo esisecaleni samayeza antipsychotic afana nala:

• I-chlorpromazine (iTorazine)
• iflupenthixol (Fluanxol)
• i-fluphenazine (Prolixin)
• iHaloperidol (iHaldol)
• ilokapine (iLoxitane)
• molindone (iMoban)
• ipimozide (Orap)
• iprochlorperazine (iCompro, iCompazine)
• thioridazine (Mellaril)
• thiothixene (Navane)
• trifluoperazine (Stelazine)

Oogqirha abazi ukuba yintoni eyona nto ibangela le mpembelelo yecala. Inokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi ezichasene nengqondo zithintela ii-receptors kwingqondo. I-Dopamine ngumthunywa weekhemikhali onceda ukulawula ukuhamba. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-neurotransmitters kubandakanya i-acetylcholine, i-serotonin, kunye ne-GABA zisandula ukufumana ingqalelo ngokudlala indima kule meko.

I-Akathisia ayiqhelekanga kakhulu kwisizukulwana sesibini se-antipsychotic. Nangona kunjalo, ii-antipsychotic ezintsha ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Abantu abathatha la machiza banokuba semngciphekweni we-akathisia:

• i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiweyo (SSRIs)
• iicalcium block blockers
• iziyobisi ezichasayo
• amayeza aphatha i-vertigo
• ukuthomalalisa ngaphambi kotyando

Kungenzeka ukuba ufumane le meko ukuba:

• uphathwa ngamayeza okulwa nesifo sokuqala esomeleleyo
• ufumana idosi ephezulu yeyeza
• ugqirha wakho uyalonyusa idosi ngokukhawuleza okukhulu
• ungumntu ophakathi okanye okhulile

Iimeko ezimbalwa zonyango ziye zadityaniswa ne-akathisia, kubandakanya:

• Isifo sikaParkinson
• i-encephalitis, uhlobo lokudumba kwengqondo
• ukwenzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu (i-TBI)

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ugqirha wakho uya kubuza malunga neempawu zakho. Ngexesha loviwo, ugqirha uya kukujonga ukuze ubone ukuba:

• fidget
• zihlala zitshintsha indawo
• unqumle kwaye unganqumli imilenze yakho
• cofa iinyawo zakho
• ndinyikime ngapha nangapha ndihleli
• shuff imilenze yakho

Unokufuna iimvavanyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba une-akathisia, kwaye hayi imeko efana nale:

• Ukuphazamiseka okuvela kukuphazamiseka kwemood
• isifo somlenze esingazinzanga (RLS)
• ixhala
• Ukurhoxa kwiziyobisi
• tardive idiskkinesia

Imbonakalo

Nje ukuba uyeke ukuthatha iyeza elibangele i-akathisia, uphawu kufuneka luphele. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abanye abantu abanokuqhubeka nemeko encinci, ngaphandle kokuyeka amayeza.

Kubalulekile ukuba i-akathisia inyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Xa ishiywe inganyangwa inokwenza isimilo sengqondo sibe mbi ngakumbi. Le meko inokukuthintela ekuthatheni iyeza olifunayo kunyango lwesifo sengqondo.

Abanye abantu abane-akathisia baye baba neengcinga zokuzibulala okanye ubundlobongela. I-Akathisia nayo inokunyusa umngcipheko we-tardive dyskinesia.