Unyango lokuQala ukuSabela kuNcedo lokuQala: Kufuneka wenze ntoni

Umxholo

• Zeziphi iimpawu xa uxabane?
• Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
• Anaphylaxis okanye ukusabela kakhulu
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa umntu ene-anaphylaxis
• I-CPR ye-anaphylaxis
• Unyango lokunyanga komzimba
• Unyango lokutya komzimba
• Unyango kwizityalo okanye ukuluma komzimba
• Izityalo ezinetyhefu
• Izinambuzane ezihlabayo
• Ijeli yentlanzi
• Unyango lwee-aleji zamachiza
• Ungathintela njani ukuba uxabane

Yintoni i-allergen reaction?

Amajoni akho omzimba enza ii-antibodies zokulwa nezinto zangaphandle ukuze ungaguli. Ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yakho iya kuchonga into eyingozi, nangona ingenjalo. Xa oku kusenzeka, kubizwa ngokuba yi-allergen reaction.

Ezi zinto (i-allergener) zinokuba yiyo nantoni na evela kukutya kunye namayeza ukuya kwimeko.

Xa umzimba wakho unxibelelana nala ma allergener, oko kunokubangela iimpawu ezinobulali njengokucaphuka kolusu, amehlo anamanzi, okanye ukuthimla. Kwabanye abantu, i-allergies ingakhokelela kwi-anaphylaxis. I-Anaphylaxis yimeko esongela ubomi. Kubangela ukothuka, ukwehla ngesiquphe koxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Oku kunokukhokelela kukusilela kokuphefumla kunye nokubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Ngokukhawuleza fowunela i-911 okanye iinkonzo zongxamiseko zengingqi ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana i-anaphylaxis.

Zeziphi iimpawu xa uxabane?

Ukuphendula komzimba wakho komzimba kuxhomekeke kwinto ongenayo. Amalungu omzimba wakho aya kuphendula abandakanya:

• zomoya
• impumlo
• ulusu
• umlomo
• inkqubo yokwetyisa

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo

Jonga kule theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze ubone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezithi zivele:

Anaphylaxis okanye ukusabela kakhulu

Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu ezinokubangela i-anaphylaxis. Le mpendulo yenzeka emva kwemizuzu emva kokuvezwa kwaye, ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, inokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nokuqonda, uxinzelelo lokuphefumla, kunye nokubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zibandakanya:

• Ukuphendula kolusu, njengamatsili, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ulusu olumhlophe
• ukuvutha okanye ingxaki ngokuphefumla
• intloko elula, isiyezi, okanye ukutyhafa
• ukudumba kobuso
• isicaphucaphu
• ukubetha okubuthathaka nokukhawulezayo

Fumana uncedo olungxamisekileyo ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana i-anaphylaxis, nokuba iimpawu ziqala ukuphucula. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zingabuya kwisigaba sesibini.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa umntu ene-anaphylaxis

Ukuba ukunye nomntu ohlangabezana ne-anaphylaxis, kuya kufuneka:

1. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 kwangoko.
2. Jonga ukuba bane-epinephrine (adrenaline) auto-injector (EpiPen) kwaye ubancede, ukuba kufuneka njalo.
3. Zama ukugcina lo mntu ezolile.
4. Nceda umntu alale ngomqolo.
5. Phakamisa iinyawo zabo malunga nee-intshi ezili-12 kwaye uzigubungele ngengubo.
6. Bajike kwicala labo ukuba bayagabha okanye bayopha.
7. Qinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zabo zikhululekile ukuze bakwazi ukuphefumla.

Ngokukhawuleza xa umntu efumana i-epinephrine, ibangcono.

Gwema ukunika amayeza omlomo, nantoni na ukusela, okanye ukuphakamisa iintloko zabo, ngakumbi ukuba banengxaki yokuphefumla.

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-epinephrine engxamisekileyo. I-auto-injector iza nedosi enye yamayeza ukujova ethangeni lakho. Uya kufuna ukufundisa usapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo abasondeleyo ngendlela yokujova i-epinephrine kwimeko kaxakeka.

I-CPR ye-anaphylaxis

Ukuba umntu onaye akaphefumli, ukhohlela, okanye akashukumi, kungafuneka wenze i-CPR. Oku kunokwenziwa ngaphandle koqeqesho olusemthethweni lweCPR. I-CPR ibandakanya ukwenza oomatshini bokushicilela besifuba, malunga ne-100 ngomzuzu, de kufike uncedo.

Ukuba unomdla wokufunda i-CPR, nxibelelana ne-American Heart Association, i-American Red Cross, okanye umbutho woncedo lokuqala kwindawo yoqeqesho.

Unyango lokunyanga komzimba

I-anti-anti-anti-anti -ines kunye ne-decongestants zinokunciphisa iimpawu ezincinci zokungabikho komzimba.

Ii-antihistamines zithintela iimpawu ezinje ngemingci ngokuthintela ii-histamine receptors ukuze umzimba wakho ungaziphenduli izinto ezaliwa ngumzimba. Ama-Decongestants anceda ukucoca impumlo yakho kwaye asebenza ngakumbi kwi-allergies yexesha elithile. Kodwa musa ukuwathatha ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu.

La mayeza afumaneka kwiipilisi, amathontsi wamehlo, kunye nezitshizi zempumlo. Amachiza amaninzi e-OTC nawo abangela ukozela, ke kunqande ukuwathatha ngaphambi kokuqhuba okanye ukwenza umsebenzi ofuna ukugxila okuninzi.

Ukudumba, ukuba bomvu, kunye nokurhawuzelela kunokuncitshiswa ngumkhenkce kunye nezithambiso zeengcambu eziqukethe iicorticosteroids.

Yenza idinga nogqirha wakho ukuba iziyobisi ze-OTC azisebenzi. Fowunela ugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba ngaba awufumani kunyango.

Unyango lokutya komzimba

Ezona zilungiso zilungileyo kwi-aleji yokutya zihlala kubandakanya ukuphepha ukutya okubangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo. Ukuba uthe wadibana ngengozi okanye watya ukutya okwe-aleji kuko, iziyobisi ze-OTC zinokuyicaphukisa impendulo.

Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza anceda kuphela ukunciphisa ukuthamba okanye ukurhawuzelela. I-cromolyn yomlomo inokunceda ezinye iimpawu zakho. Ifumaneka kuphela ngugqirha, ke thetha nogqirha wakho.

Unyangenyanga lokunyanga ukutya okungafunekiyo nge-epinephrine.

Unyango kwizityalo okanye ukuluma komzimba

Izityalo ezinetyhefu

Ngokwe-The Children’s Hospital yaseFiladelfiya, abantu abasixhenxe kwabali-10 bayadana xa bephatha iityhefu zetyhefu, umthi oki, kunye nesetyhefu yetyhefu. Izinto ezinamathelayo ezivela kwezi zityalo, zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-urushiol, zibopha kulusu xa unxibelelana nazo.

Iimpawu zivela kubomvu obomvu kunye nokutshiza kwi-blisters enamandla kunye nokuvuvukala. Ukurhabaxa kuvela naphina ukusuka kwiiyure ezintathu ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva koqhakamshelwano kunye neyokugqibela ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu.

Ukuba uchanabeke kwizityalo ezinetyhefu, yenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Kuphephe ukubamba ezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho, ngakumbi ubuso bakho.
2. Coca indawo ngesepha namanzi ubuncinci imizuzu eyi-10.
3. Thatha ibhafu epholileyo.
4. Faka i-calamine okanye enye into yokuthambisa yokuthintela ukurhawuzelela kathathu okanye kane ngemini ukuze unciphise ukurhawuzelela.
5. Ukuthomalalisa iindawo ezinesitshiso ngeemveliso zeoatmeal okanye iipesenti ezi-1 zehydrocortisone cream.
6. Hlamba zonke iimpahla nezihlangu emanzini ashushu.

La manyathelo onke ajolise ekususeni i-urushiol kulusu lwakho. Ukuphendula ngokungqongqo ebantwaneni kunokufuna utyelelo lukagqirha ukumisela i-steroids yomlomo okanye iikhrimu ezinamandla ukunciphisa iimpawu.

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba uneqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kwaye:

• ukukrwela kuya kusiba mandundu
• irhashalala lisasazeka kwiindawo ezibuthathaka, njengamehlo okanye umlomo
• irhashalala ayiphucuki
• irhashalala ithenda okanye ine-pus kunye ne-scabs etyheli

Ngaphandle kwamabango athile, abukho ubungqina benzululwazi obuxhasa ukuba ukukrwela inxeba elivulekileyo kukhokelela kwityhefu egazini. Ioyile eseleyo (urushiol) ichukumisa kuphela indawo ekufutshane. Kunqande ukusasaza ioyile kwangoko ngokuhlamba indawo echaphazelekayo ngesepha kunye namanzi.

Izinambuzane ezihlabayo

Uninzi lwabantu luya kuba nokuphendula ngokulunywa sisinambuzane, kodwa eyona mpendulo imbi kakhulu kukungalungelani noko. Malunga nezigidi ezi-2 zabantu e-United States ziyabachaphazela ubuvila bezinambuzane, uqikelelo lweKlinikhi yaseCleveland.

Ezona zinambuzane ziqhelekileyo zivela:

• iinyosi
• oonomeva
• iibhatyi ezityheli
• oonomeva
• Iimbovane zomlilo

Nyanga ukungavunyelwa zizinambuzane ngezi ndlela zoncedo lokuqala:

1. Susa isitovu ngento ethe nkqo, njengekhadi letyala, usebenzisa intshukumo yokuxubha. Kuphephe ukutsala okanye ukukhama isitovu. Oku kunokukhupha ubuthi obuninzi emzimbeni wakho.
2. Hlamba indawo ngesepha namanzi. Faka iyeza lokubola emva kokuhlamba.
3. Faka i-hydrocortisone cream okanye i-calamine lotion. Gquma indawo ngebhandeji.
4. Ukuba kukho ukudumba, faka indawo yokubanda ebandayo kuloo ndawo.
5. Thatha i-antihistamine ukunciphisa ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba, kunye nemingxunya.
6. Thatha iasprini ukunciphisa iintlungu.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo akufuneki bathathe iziyobisi ze-OTC ngaphandle kokufumana OK kugqirha wabo.

Abantwana akufuneki bathathe iiasprini. Oku kungenxa yomngcipheko wesifo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa esibulalayo esibizwa ngokuba yiReye's syndrome.

Ijeli yentlanzi

Ukuba ijellyfish iyakubetha, hlamba loo ndawo ngamanzi olwandle okanye iviniga imizuzu engama-30. Oku kuyakuphelisa ityhefu yejellyfish. Faka into ebandayo kwindawo echaphazelekayo ukuthambisa ulusu lwakho kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu. Sebenzisa i-hydrocortisone cream kunye ne-antihistamine ukunciphisa ukudumba.

I-British Red Cross icebisa ukuba ukuchama kwi-jellyfish sting akuyi kunceda. Ngapha koko, inokwandisa iintlungu.

Unyango lwee-aleji zamachiza

Kwiimeko ezininzi zokungabikho komzimba, ugqirha wakho kufuneka akwazi ukukunika enye iyeza. I-Antihistamines, i-corticosteroids, okanye i-epinephrine inokufuneka xa kusenziwa izinto ezinobuzaza.

Ngaphandle koko, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma inkqubo yokungafuneki. Oku kuthetha ukuthatha amayeza amancinci amayeza de umzimba wakho ukwazi ukuphatha idosi yakho.

Ungathintela njani ukuba uxabane

Nje ukuba uphendulwe, kubalulekile ukuba uchonge umthombo ukuze uphephe unxibelelwano kwixesha elizayo. Ngezinto ezithile ezibangelwa zizinto ezithile, jonga iimveliso ngaphambi kokuba uthenge. Ukufakela i-lotion ngaphambi kokuhamba intaba okanye ukukhempisha kunokunceda ukuthintela ityhefu ekusasazeni okanye ekungeneni kulusu lwakho.

Ulawulo olugqithisileyo olugcinayo kunxibelelwano lwakho nezinto ezingahambisiyo komzimba, mancinci amathuba okuba ube negazi lakho. Qinisekisa ukuba abantu osebenza nabo kunye nabahlobo bakho bayazi malunga neempawu zakho zokwaliwa kunye nalapho ugcina khona i-epinephrine auto-injor. Ukufundisa abahlobo bakho ngendlela yokuphatha i-allergen reaction kunokunceda ukusindisa ubomi.