Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy

Umxholo

• Iindidi zezinto ezaliwa ngumzimba
• Kutheni uvavanyo lokungabikho komzimba lwenziwa
• Ungakulungiselela njani ukuvavanywa komzimba
• Uvavanyo lokungabikho komzimba lwenziwa njani
• Uvavanyo lolusu
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Ukuphelisa ukutya
• Umngcipheko wovavanyo lokungabikho komzimba
• Emva kovavanyo lokungabikho komzimba

Ushwankathelo

Uvavanyo lokungabikho komzimba luvavanyo olwenziwa yingcali eqeqeshelwe ukungabikho komzimba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umzimba wakho awunazinto zaziwayo. Uvavanyo lunokubakho kuvavanyo lwegazi, kuvavanyo lolusu, okanye ekunciphiseni ukutya.

Izigulo zee-aleji zenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba, ayindlela yokhuselo lwendalo yomzimba wakho, egqithisela kwinto engqongileyo. Umzekelo, umungu, oqhele ukungabinabungozi, unokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho ucaphuke. Ukunyanzelwa kunokukhokelela ku:

• impumlo esibalekayo
• Ukuthimla
• sinuses ezivaliweyo
• ukurhawuzelela, amehlo anamanzi

Iindidi zezinto ezaliwa ngumzimba

I-Allergener zizinto ezinokubangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo. Zintathu iindidi eziphambili zeyeza:

• Ukungenisa i-allergen kuthintela umzimba xa udibana nemiphunga okanye inwebu yempumlo okanye yomqala. I-pollen iyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
• Ukungeniswa kwezifo ezikhoyo kukutya okuthile, njengamandongomane, isoya, kunye nokutya kwaselwandle.
• Nxibelelana nama-allergener kufuneka unxibelelane nolusu lwakho ukuvelisa impendulo. Umzekelo wempendulo evela kumnxibelelanisi we-allergen kukukhawuleza kunye nokubamba okubangelwa yityhefu ye-ivy.

Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy lubandakanya ukukubhengeza kwisixa esincinci kakhulu se-allergen ethile kunye nokurekhoda impendulo.

Kutheni uvavanyo lokungabikho komzimba lwenziwa

Ukunyanga komzimba kuchaphazela abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-50 abahlala e-USA, ngokwe-American College of Allergy, Asthma, kunye ne-Immunology. Ukungenisa i-allergener lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Ukunyuka kwamaxesha athile kunye ne-hay fever, eyimpendulo engavumelaniyo ne-pollen, ichaphazela abantu baseMelika abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-40.

I-World Allergy Organisation iqikelela ukuba i-asthma inoxanduva lokufa kwabantu abangama-250,000 ngonyaka. Oku kusweleka kunokuthintelwa ngononophelo olufanelekileyo lokungabikho komzimba, njengoko i-asthma ithathwa njengenkqubo yesifo esichasayo.

Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy lunokumisela ukuba yeyiphi na i-pollens, ukungunda, okanye ezinye izinto ongaxutywanga nazo. Unokufuna amayeza ukunyanga ukwaliwa komzimba wakho. Ngenye indlela, unokuzama ukunqanda izinto ezibangela ukungabikho komzimba.

Ungakulungiselela njani ukuvavanywa komzimba

Ngaphambi kovavanyo lwakho lokungabikho komzimba, ugqirha wakho uya kukubuza malunga nendlela yakho yokuphila, imbali yentsapho kunye nokunye.

Baza kukuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuthatha la mayeza alandelayo ngaphambi kovavanyo lwakho lokungabikho komzimba kuba anokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo:

• amayeza kunye ne-anti-antihistamines
• amayeza athile okunyanga ukubola, afana ne-famotidine (Pepcid)
• Unyango lwe-asthma anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, omalizumab (Xolair)
• i-benzodiazepines, efana ne-diazepam (Valium) okanye i-lorazepam (Ativan)
• i-tricyclic antidepressants, enje nge-amitriptyline (Elavil)

Uvavanyo lokungabikho komzimba lwenziwa njani

Uvavanyo lokungabikho komzimba lunokubandakanya uvavanyo lolusu okanye uvavanyo lwegazi. Kuya kufuneka uye ekutyeni okuphelisayo ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba unokutya okungafunekiyo.

Uvavanyo lolusu

Uvavanyo lolusu lusetyenziselwa ukubona uninzi lwezinto ezinokubangela ukungabikho komzimba. Oku kubandakanya ukubhabha komoya, okunxulumene nokutya, kunye nokunxibelelana nezinto ezithile zomzimba. Ezi ntlobo zintathu zovavanyo lolusu kukukrwela, ngaphakathi, kunye nokuvavanywa kwepatch.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukuqala uvavanyo kuqala. Ngexesha lovavanyo, i-allergen ibekwa kulwelo, emva koko ulwelo lubekwe kwicandelo lolusu lwakho ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo esihlaba kancinci i-allergen kulusu lolusu. Uya kujongwa ngononophelo ukuze ubone indlela ulusu lwakho oluphendula ngayo kwizinto zangaphandle. Ukuba kukho ububomvu bendawo, ukudumba, ukuphakama, okanye ukurhawuzelela kolusu kwindawo yovavanyo, awudibani nezinto ezithile.

Ukuba uvavanyo lokuqala aluhambelani, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lolusu lwe-intradermal. Olu vavanyo lufuna ukujova inani elincinci le-allergen kulusu lwesikhumba. Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga indlela osabela ngayo.

Olunye uhlobo lovavanyo lolusu luvavanyo lwepatch (). Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ii-patches ezibambekayo ezilayishwe izinto ezikrokrelwayo kunye nokubeka ezi patches kulusu lwakho. Amachaphaza aya kuhlala emzimbeni wakho emva kokuba ushiye iofisi kagqirha wakho. Amachaphaza ayaqwalaselwa kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokufaka isicelo kwaye kwakhona kwiiyure ezingama-72 ukuya kuma-96 emva kokufaka isicelo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Ukuba kukho ithuba uya kuba nempendulo ebukhali kuvavanyo lolusu, ugqirha wakho angabiza uvavanyo lwegazi. Igazi livavanywa elabhoratri ubukho beentsholongwane ezilwa neentsholongwane ezithile. Olu vavanyo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-ImmunoCAP, luphumelele kakhulu ekufumaneni ii-antibodies ze-IgE kwizigulo ezinkulu.

Ukuphelisa ukutya

Ukutya okunokupheliswa kunokunceda ugqirha wakho abone ukuba kukuphi ukutya okubangela ukuba ube nempendulo. Oku kubandakanya ukususa ukutya okuthile kwindlela otya ngayo kwaye emva koko ukongeze kwakhona. Ukuphendula kwakho kuya kunceda ekuboneni ukuba kukuphi ukutya okubangela iingxaki.

Umngcipheko wovavanyo lokungabikho komzimba

Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy lunokubangela ukurhawuzelela okuphakathi, ukuba bomvu kunye nokudumba kolusu. Ngamanye amaxesha, amaqhuma amancinci abizwa ngokuba ngamavili avela kulusu. Ezi mpawu zihlala zicaca ngaphakathi kweeyure kodwa zinokuhlala iintsuku ezimbalwa. Iimpawu ezinobunono be-steroid zingazinciphisa ezi mpawu.

Ngezihlandlo ezinqabileyo, iimvavanyo zokungezwani komzimba zivelisa ukusabela okukhawulezileyo, okunqabileyo komzimba okufuna unyango. Kungenxa yoko le nto kuvavanyo lokungezwani komzimba kufuneka luqhutyelwe kwiofisi enamayeza afanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo, kubandakanya i-epinephrine yokunyanga i-anaphylaxis, enokuba sisisongelo ebomini.

Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba uhlakulela impendulo echanekileyo emva kokuba ushiye iofisi kagqirha.

Shayela u-911 ngokukhawuleza ukuba unempawu ze-anaphylaxis, ezifana nokuvuvukala komqala, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi. I-anaphylaxis ebukhali yimeko yongxamiseko kwezonyango.

Emva kovavanyo lokungabikho komzimba

Nje ukuba ugqirha wakho anqume ukuba zeziphi i-allergen ezibangela iimpawu zakho, unokusebenza kunye ukuza nesicwangciso sokuphepha. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza anokunciphisa iimpawu zakho.