Uvavanyo lweAlpha-1 Antitrypsin

Umxholo

• Luyintoni uvavanyo lwealpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT)?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-AAT?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-AAT?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-AAT?
• Izalathiso

Luyintoni uvavanyo lwealpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT)?

Olu vavanyo lilinganisa inani le-alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) egazini. I-AAT yiprotein eyenziwe kwisibindi. Inceda ukukhusela imiphunga yakho kumonakalo nakwizifo, ezinje nge-emphysema kunye nesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD).

I-AAT yenziwa ziijini ezithile emzimbeni wakho. Imfuza zizinto ezisisiseko zofuzo ezidluliswe kubazali bakho. Baphethe ulwazi olumisela iimpawu zakho ezizodwa, ezinjengokuphakama nombala wamehlo. Wonke umntu uzuza njengelifa iikopi ezimbini zemfuza ezenza i-AAT, enye isuka kuyise kwaye enye ivela kunina. Ukuba kukho utshintsho (kutshintsho) kwenye okanye zombini iikopi zalolu hlobo, umzimba wakho uya kwenza i-AAT encinci okanye i-AAT engasebenziyo njengoko kufanelekile.

• Ukuba uneekopi ezimbini eziguqulweyo zofuzo, oko kuthetha ukuba unemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-AAT. Abantu abanale ngxaki banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana isifo semiphunga okanye ukulimala kwesibindi ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-45.
• Ukuba uguqule uhlobo olunye lwe-AAT, unokuba namaxabiso asezantsi kunesiqhelo e-AAT, kodwa ubumnene okanye akukho zimpawu zesifo. Abantu abanesifo semfuza esinye esiguqukileyo baphatha ukusilela kwe-AAT. Oku kuthetha ukuba awunayo le meko, kodwa ungagqithisela ijini eguqulweyo kubantwana bakho.

Uvavanyo lwe-AAT lunokunceda ukubonisa ukuba unenguquko yemfuza ekubeka emngciphekweni wesifo.

Amanye amagama: i-A1AT, i-AAT, i-alpha-1-antiprotease defence, α1-antitrypsin

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Uvavanyo lwe-AAT luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukunceda ukufumanisa ukusilela kwe-AAT kubantu abaphuhlisa isifo semiphunga besebancinci (iminyaka engama-45 okanye ngaphantsi) kwaye abanayo eminye imingcipheko efana nokutshaya.

Uvavanyo lusenokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo esingaqhelekanga sesibindi kwiintsana.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-AAT?

Unokufuna uvavanyo lwe-AAT ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-45, awutshayi, kwaye uneempawu zesifo semiphunga, kubandakanya:

• Ukukhawuleza
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Isikhohlela esinganyangekiyo
• Ngokukhawuleza kunokubetha kwentliziyo okuqhelekileyo xa usukuma
• Iingxaki zombono
• Isifo sombefu esingasabeli kakuhle kunyango

Unokulufumana olu vavanyo ukuba unembali yosapho yokusilela kwe-AAT.

Ukusilela kwe-AAT kwiintsana kuhlala kuchaphazela isibindi. Ke umntwana wakho unokufuna uvavanyo lwe-AAT ukuba umboneleli wakhe wezempilo ufumana iimpawu zesifo sesibindi. Oku kubandakanya:

• IJaundice, tyheli kolusu namehlo ahlala ngaphezulu kweveki okanye ezimbini
• Ipeni eyandisiweyo
• Ukurhawuzelela rhoqo

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-AAT?

Ingcali yokhathalelo lwempilo iyakuthatha isampulu yegazi kumthambo engalweni yakho, isebenzisa inaliti encinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, inani elincinci legazi liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo okanye igutyana. Unokuziva uluma kancinci xa inaliti ingena okanye iphuma. Oku kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engaphantsi kwesihlanu.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Awudingi naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo lovavanyo lwe-AAT.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuvavanywa kwegazi. Unokuba nentlungu encinci okanye ukrakra kwindawo apho inaliti yafakwa khona, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa inani elisezantsi kuneliqhelekileyo le-AAT, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuthetha ukuba uneodidi enye okanye ezimbini eziguqulweyo zeAAT. Umgangatho osezantsi, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uneemfuza ezimbini eziguqulweyo kunye nokusilela kwe-AAT.

Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-AAT defence, ungathatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Akatshayi. Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ukutshaya. Ukuba awutshayi, ungaqali. Ukutshaya yeyona nto iphambili emngciphekweni wesifo semiphunga esisongela ubomi kubantu abanesiphene se-AAT.
• Ukulandela ukutya okusempilweni
• Ukwenza umthambo rhoqo
• Ukubona umboneleli wakho wezempilo rhoqo
• Ukuthatha amayeza njengoko kumiselwe ngumboneleli wakho

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-AAT?

Phambi kokuba uvume ukuvavanywa, kunganceda ukuthetha nomcebisi ngemfuzo. Umcebisi ngemfuzo yingcali eqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kwimfuzo novavanyo lwemfuzo. Umcebisi unokukunceda uqonde ubungozi kunye nezibonelelo zovavanyo. Ukuba ngaba uvavanyiwe, umcebisi unokukunceda uqonde iziphumo kwaye unikezele ngolwazi malunga nemeko, kubandakanya umngcipheko wokudlulisela esi sifo ebantwaneni bakho.

Izalathiso

1. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2019. IAlfa-1 Antitrypsin; [ihlaziywe ngo-2019 Juni 7; icatshulwe ngo-Okthobha 1]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/alpha-1-antitrypsin
2. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2019. IJaundice; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 Feb 2; icatshulwe ngo-Okthobha 1]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/conditions/jaundice
3. Umdibaniso wencwadi yomsebenzisi yenguqulo [ye-Intanethi]. I-Kenilworth (NJ): iMerck kunye ne-Co Inc. .; c2019. Ukuswela kweAlfa-1 Antitrypsin; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 Nov; icatshulwe ngo-Okthobha 1]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-copd/alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency?query=alpha-1%20antitrypsin
4. Intliziyo kaZwelonke, iMiphunga, kunye neZiko leGazi [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Ukuswela kweAlfa-1 Antitrypsin; [icatshulwe ngo-Okthobha 1]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency
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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.