Luluphi uqhagamshelo phakathi kweanemia kunye nesifo sezintso?

Umxholo

• Unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-anemia kunye ne-CKD
• Oonobangela anemia
• Iimpawu ze-anemia
• Ukuchonga i-anemia
• Iingxaki zeanemia
• Unyango lwe-anemia
• Ukuthatha

Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) sinokuphuhla xa imeko yezempilo isonakalisa izintso zakho. Umzekelo, isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi zizizathu ezibini eziphambili zeCKD.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, i-CKD inokukhokelela kwi-anemia kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho. I-anemia yenzeka xa umzimba wakho ungenayo ngokwaneleyo iiseli ezibomvu ezisempilweni zokuhambisa ioksijini kwizicwili zakho.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi nge-anemia kwi-CKD.

Unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-anemia kunye ne-CKD

Xa izintso zakho zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, zivelisa ihomoni eyaziwa ngokuba yi-erythropoietin (EPO). Le hormone isayinela umzimba wakho ukuba uvelise iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Ukuba unayo i-CKD, izintso zakho azinakwenza ngokwaneleyo i-EPO. Ngenxa yoko, ubalo lweeseli ezibomvu lunokuhla ngokwaneleyo ukuze libangele i-anemia.

Ukuba uphantsi kwe-hemodialysis ukunyanga i-CKD, oko kunokuba negalelo kwi-anemia. Kungenxa yokuba i-hemodialysis inokubangela ukulahleka kwegazi.

Oonobangela anemia

Ukongeza kwi-CKD, ezinye izinto ezinokubangela i-anemia zibandakanya:

• Ukunqongophala kwentsimbi, okunokubangelwa kukopha okunzima ukuya exesheni, ezinye iintlobo zokulahleka kwegazi, okanye amanqanaba asezantsi entsimbi ekutyeni kwakho
• I-folate okanye i-vitamin B-12 ukusilela, okunokubangelwa ngamanqanaba asezantsi ezi zinongo ekudleni kwakho okanye imeko emisa umzimba wakho ekuthatheni ngokufanelekileyo ivithamin B-12
• izifo ezithile eziphazamisa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi okanye ezonyusa ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi
• iimpendulo kwimichiza enetyhefu okanye kumayeza athile

Ukuba uhlakulela i-anemia, icebo lonyango elicetyiswayo liza kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esinokubangela i-anemia.

Iimpawu ze-anemia

I-anemia ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu ezibonakalayo. Xa isenza, zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ubuthathaka
• isiyezi
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukucaphuka
• ingxaki yokujonga
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ulusu oluthuthu

Ukuchonga i-anemia

Ukujonga i-anemia, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukulinganisa isixa se-hemoglobin egazini lakho. IHemoglobin yiprotein ene-iron eneeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezithwala ioksijini.

Ukuba unayo i-CKD, ugqirha wakho kufuneka avavanye inqanaba le-hemoglobin yakho kube kanye ngonyaka. Ukuba uqhubele phambili kwi-CKD, banokuyalela olu vavanyo lwegazi amatyeli aliqela ngonyaka.

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba une-anemia, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukumisela unobangela we-anemia. Baza kuphinda bakubuze imibuzo malunga nokutya kunye nembali yonyango.

Iingxaki zeanemia

Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, i-anemia inokukushiya uziva udiniwe kakhulu ukugqiba imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Ungakufumana kunzima ukwenza umthambo okanye ukwenza eminye imisebenzi emsebenzini, esikolweni, okanye ekhaya. Oku kunokuphazamisa umgangatho wobomi bakho, kunye nokuba sempilweni komzimba wakho.

I-Anemia iphakamisa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo, kubandakanya ukubetha kwentliziyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ukwandisa intliziyo, kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo. Kungenxa yokuba intliziyo yakho kufuneka impompe igazi elininzi ukubuyekeza ukungabikho kweoksijini.

Unyango lwe-anemia

Ukunyanga i-anemia edityaniswe ne-CKD, ugqirha wakho unokumisela enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Iarhente e-erythropoiesis-evuselelayo (i-ESA). Olu hlobo lonyango lunceda umzimba wakho ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukulawula i-ESA, umboneleli wezempilo uya kulifaka iyeza phantsi kolusu lwakho okanye akufundise ukuba ungalitofa njani.
• Ukongezwa kwentsimbi. Umzimba wakho ufuna isinyithi ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngakumbi xa uthatha i-ESA. Unokuthatha izongezo zentsimbi yomlomo kwifom yepilisi okanye ufumane i-iron infusions ngomgca we-intravenous (IV).
• Igazi elibomvu lotofelo-gazi. Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-hemoglobin lihla kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukufakwa kwegazi elibomvu. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezivela kumnikeli ziya kutshintshelwa emzimbeni wakho nge-IV.

Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-folate okanye i-vithamini B-12 asezantsi, umboneleli wakho wezempilo angacebisa ukuxhaswa ngezi zondlo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, banokucebisa utshintsho olwenziwe kukutya ukuze wandise ukutya okune-iron, folate, okanye ivithamin B-12.

Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga nezibonelelo ezinokubakho kunye nomngcipheko weendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-anemia kwi-CKD.

Ukuthatha

Abantu abaninzi abane-CKD bahlakulela i-anemia, enokubangela ukudinwa, isiyezi, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, iingxaki zentliziyo ezimandundu.

Ukuba unayo i-CKD, ugqirha wakho kufuneka akuhlole rhoqo nge-anemia usebenzisa uvavanyo lwegazi ukulinganisa inqanaba lakho le-hemoglobin.

Ukunyanga i-anemia ebangelwa yi-CKD, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza, isongezo sesinyithi, okanye mhlawumbi utofelo-gazi olubomvu. Banokucebisa utshintsho lokutya ukukunceda ufumane izondlo ozifunayo ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.