Iantibiogram: kwenziwa njani kwaye ungasiqonda njani isiphumo

Umxholo

• Yenziwa njani i-antibiotogram
• Uroculture kunye ne-antibiogram
• Usicacisa njani isiphumo
• Kutheni le nto kufuneka kuchongwe isibulali-zintsholongwane sichanekileyo?

I-antibiotogram, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Antimicrobial Sensitivity Test (TSA), luvavanyo olujolise ekumiseleni ubuntununtunu kunye nepropathi yokuchasana neentsholongwane kunye nefungi kwiintsholongwane. Ngesiphumo seyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, ugqirha angabonisa ukuba yeyiphi eyona ntsholongwane ilungele ukunyanga usulelo lomntu, oko ke kuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwezibulala-ntsholongwane ezingeyomfuneko ezilwa nosulelo, ukongeza kuthintelo lokuvela kokuchasana.

Ngokwesiqhelo, iyeza lokuthintela izifo lwenziwa emva kokuchongwa kweentsholongwane ngobuninzi egazini, emchameni, kwilindle nakwizihlunu. Ngenxa yoko, ngokutsho ezichongiweyo ezincinane kunye nobuntununtunu, ugqirha angabonisa unyango olufanelekileyo.

Yenziwa njani i-antibiotogram

Ukwenza i-antibiotic, ugqirha uya kucela ukuqokelelwa kwezinto zebhayoloji ezinjengegazi, umchamo, amathe, iphlegm, ilindle okanye iiseli zomzimba ezingcoliswe ziintsholongwane. Ezi iisampulu zithunyelwa kwilebhu ye-microbiology ukuze ihlalutywe kwaye ilinywe kwindawo yenkcubeko ethanda ukukhula kweentsholongwane okanye ukungunda.

Emva kokukhula, i-microorganism iyodwa kwaye iphantsi kovavanyo lokuchonga ukufikelela kwisiphelo se-microorganism ejongene nosulelo. Emva kokuzahlula, i-antibiotik nayo yenziwa ukwenzela ukuba ubume bokuziva kunye nokuxhathisa kwento echongiweyo eyaziwayo, enokwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini:

• Ukusasazeka kweAgar Antibiogram: Kule nkqubo, iidiski ezincinci zephepha eziqulathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane zibekwa kwipleyiti kunye nenkcubeko efanelekileyo ukuze kukhule iarhente echaphazelayo. Emva kweentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 kwigreenhouse, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuba uyaweva okanye awuva ukukhula malunga nediski. Ekungabikho kokukhula, kuthiwa i-microorganism inovakalelo kwintsholongwane, ithathwa njengeyona ifanelekileyo kunyango losulelo;
• I-antibiotic esekwe kulwelo: Kule nkqubo kukho isikhongozeli esinezinto ezininzi zokuthomalalisa i-antibiotic eneedosi ezahlukeneyo, apho kubekwa khona ii-microorganisms eziza kuhlalutywa, kunye ne-Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (CMI) ye-antibiotic. Isikhongozeli ekungakhange kukhule kwintsholongwane kuso sihambelana nethamo leyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane ekufuneka lisetyenziswe kunyango, njengoko kuthintela ukukhula kwe-microorganism.

Okwangoku kwiilebhu, i-antibiotik yenziwa sisixhobo apho kwenziwa khona uxinzelelo kunye novavanyo lobuntununtunu. Ingxelo ekhutshwe sisixhobo yazisa ukuba zeziphi iintsholongwane ezibulala iintsholongwane kwaye ziyasebenza ekulweni ne-microorganism nakweyiphi na ingxinano.

Uroculture kunye ne-antibiogram

Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract lolunye losulelo oluqhelekileyo kwabasetyhini, ikakhulu, nakumadoda. Ngesi sizathu, kuqhelekile ukuba oogqirha bacele ukongeza kuhlobo lokuvavanywa komchamo, i-EAS, kunye nenkcubeko yomchamo ekhatshwa yintsholongwane. Ngale ndlela, ugqirha uyakwazi ukukhangela ukuba ngaba lukhona na utshintsho kumchamo olubonisa iingxaki zezintso, nge-EAS, kunye nobukho befungus okanye ibhaktiriya kwindlela yokuchama enokubonisa usulelo, ngenkcubeko yomchamo.

Ukuba ubukho bentsholongwane kumchamo bukhangelwe, i-antibiotiki yenziwa ngokulandelayo ukuze ugqirha akwazi ukuba yeyiphi i-antibiotic efanelekileyo kunyango. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yosulelo lomchamo, unyango lwe -antibiotic luyacetyiswa kuphela xa umntu eneempawu zokuthintela ukukhula kokuchasana neentsholongwane.

Qonda ukuba yenziwa njani inkcubeko yomchamo.

Usicacisa njani isiphumo

Iziphumo zentsholongwane zingathatha ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 kwaye zifunyenwe ngokuhlalutya isiphumo se-antibiotics ekukhuleni kwe-microorganisms. Isithinteli-ntsholongwane esithintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane yile ibonakalisiweyo ukunyanga usulelo, kodwa ukuba kukho ukukhula, ibonisa ukuba intsholongwane ekubhekiswa kuyo ayinovelwano kwintsholongwane, oko kukuthi, iyanyangeka.

Iziphumo zentsholongwane kufuneka zitolikwe ngugqirha, ojonga amaxabiso e-Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-CMI okanye i-MIC, kunye / okanye ububanzi be-halo yokuthintela, kuxhomekeke kuvavanyo olwenziweyo. I-IMC ihambelana nobuncinci be-anti-antibiotic ekwaziyo ukuthintela ukukhula kwe-microbial kwaye ihambelana nemigangatho ye IKlinikhi kunye neLebhu yeMigangatho yeLebhu, I-CLSI, kwaye inokwahluka ngokwe-antibiotic eza kuvavanywa kunye ne-microorganism echongiweyo.

Kwimeko ye-agar diffusion antibiogram, apho amaphepha aqukethe uxinzelelo oluthile lwe-antibiotics abekwe kwindawo yenkcubeko kunye ne-microorganism, emva kokufukama malunga neeyure ezili-18 kunokwenzeka ukuba ubukho okanye hayi i-halos inhibition. Ukusuka kubukhulu be-halos ubukhulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqinisekise ukuba ngaba i-microorganism ayinakuchukunyiswa, ichaphazeleke, iphakathi okanye ayimeli kwi-antibiotic.

Iziphumo mazitolikwe ngokusekwe ekuzimiseleni kwe-CLSI, emisela ukuba kuvavanyo lokuchaphazeleka Escherichia coli ku-Ampicillin, umzekelo, isithintelo se-halo esingaphantsi okanye esilingana ne-13 mm sibonisa ukuba ibhaktiriya iyamelana ne-antibiotic kwaye i-halo ilingana okanye ngaphezulu kwe-17 mm ibonisa ukuba intsholongwane iyabuthathaka. Funda nzulu malunga neziphumo zenkcubeko yomchamo ngeyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane.

Ke ngoko, ngokwesiphumo seyeza, igqirha lingabonisa eyona ntsholongwane isebenzayo ukulwa nosulelo.

Kutheni le nto kufuneka kuchongwe isibulali-zintsholongwane sichanekileyo?

Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane angakulungelanga ukusebenza kwe-microorganism kulibazisa ukuchacha komntu, kuyayinyanga intsholongwane kwaye kuthanda ukwenziwa kweendlela zokumelana neentsholongwane, okwenza ukuba usulelo lube nzima ngakumbi ukunyangwa.

Ngesi sizathu sinye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungazisebenzisi ii-antibiotics ngaphandle kokhokelo lukagqirha kwaye ngokungeyomfuneko, kuba oku kungaphetha ngokukhetha ii-microorganisms ezinganyangekiyo kwi-antibiotics, ukunciphisa ukhetho lwamachiza ukulwa nosulelo.