Buza ingcali: uGqirha Amesh Adalja kunyango lwe-Hepatitis C eNtsha

Umxholo

• Yintoni iHepatitis C, kwaye yahluke njani kwezinye iiHepatitis?
• Zithini iikhosi eziqhelekileyo zoNyango?
• Zeziphi iintlobo zoNyango eNtsha eziZuzayo, kwaye zibonakala zisebenza njani?
• Ngaba ezi nyango zintsha zithelekiswa njani nonyango oluqhelekileyo?
• Ngaba abaguli kufuneka bazenze njani izigqibo zabo zonyango?

Senze udliwanondlebe noGqirha Amesh Adalja, ingcali yesifo esosulelayo kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh Medical Centre, malunga namava akhe okunyanga ihepatitis C (HCV). Ingcali kwicandelo, uGqirha Adalja ubonelela ngesishwankathelo se-HCV, unyango olusemgangathweni, kunye nonyango olutsha olunomdla olunokuthi lutshintshe umdlalo kwizigulana ze-hepatitis C kuyo yonke indawo.

Yintoni iHepatitis C, kwaye yahluke njani kwezinye iiHepatitis?

I-Hepatitis C luhlobo lwe-hepatitis yentsholongwane eyahlukileyo kwezinye iintlobo ze-hepatitis yentsholongwane kuba inomdla wokuba inganyangeki kwaye inokukhokelela kwisibindi sesibindi, umhlaza wesibindi kunye nezinye iingxaki zenkqubo. Ichaphazela phantse i-US kwaye ikwangunobangela ophambili wesidingo sokufakelwa kwesibindi. Isasazeka ngokuvezwa kwegazi njengokumpontshelwa igazi (ngaphambi kovavanyo), ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngenaliti kwaye kunqabile kunxibelelana ngokwesondo. I-Hepatitis A ayinayo ifom engapheliyo, iyakhuselwa kwisitofu, isasazeka yindlela yomlomo, kwaye ayikhokeleli kwisibindi sokuqina kunye / okanye umhlaza. I-Hepatitis B, ekwaphethwe ligazi kwaye ekwaziyo ukubangela i-cirrhosis yesibindi kunye nomhlaza, isitofu sokuthintela sinokuthintelwa kwaye sisasazeka ngokulula ngokudibana ngokwesondo kunye noomama baye kubantwana babo ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokuzalwa. I-Hepatitis E ifana ne-hepatitis A kodwa, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, inokuba sisifo esinganyangekiyo, kwaye inezinga eliphezulu lokufa kwabafazi abakhulelweyo.

Zithini iikhosi eziqhelekileyo zoNyango?

Iikhosi zonyango lwe-hepatitis C zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuhlobo lwe-hepatitis C enye egcinayo. Kukho ii-genotypes ezintandathu ze-hepatitis C kwaye ezinye kulula ukuzinyanga kunezinye. Ngokubanzi, unyango lwe-hepatitis C lubandakanya ukudityaniswa kwamayeza amabini ukuya kwamathathu, kubandakanya i-interferon, elawulwa ubuncinci iiveki ezili-12.

Zeziphi iintlobo zoNyango eNtsha eziZuzayo, kwaye zibonakala zisebenza njani?

Olona nyango lutsha luchulumancisayo sisiyobisi i-sofosbuvir, ebonakaliswe ukuba ayisebenzi kuphela, kodwa ikwanakho nokunciphisa kakhulu izifundo zonyango kwiirejimeni ezinde kakhulu ngaphambi kokungeniswa kwayo.

I-Sofosbuvir isebenza ngokuthintela i-enzyme yentsholongwane i-RNA polymerase. Le yindlela esebenza ngayo intsholongwane ukwenza iikopi zayo. Kuvavanyo lweklinikhi eli chiza, ngokudibeneyo, laboniswa ukuba lisebenza ngokulingeneyo ekucinezeleni intsholongwane ngokukhawuleza nangokuzinzileyo, ivumela ukufutshane okubonakalayo kwirejimeni yonyango. Nangona ezinye iziyobisi zijolise kule enzyme, uyilo lweli chiza lunjalo kangangokuba kuguqulwe ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo ukuba lube kwimo esebenzayo emzimbeni, ukuvumela inhibition enamandla ye-enzyme. USofosbuvir wayenjalo

Kananjalo, kwezinye iimeko, indibaniselwano yeziyobisi engabandakanyi i-interferon-eyoyikayo yecala lesiphumo sayo esingathandekiyo-nayo inokuqeshwa. [Nangona isebenza ngokukuko, i-interferon yaziwa ngokudala uxinzelelo kunye neempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane. I-Sofosbuvir yayilichiza lokuqala elamkelwa yi-FDA ukuba lisetyenziswe ngaphandle kolawulo lwe-interferon kwezinye iimeko.]

Ngaba ezi nyango zintsha zithelekiswa njani nonyango oluqhelekileyo?

Uncedo, njengoko benditshilo ngasentla, kukuba iirejimeni ezintsha zifutshane, ziyanyamezeleka, kwaye zisebenza ngakumbi. Into engeyiyo kukuba amachiza amatsha axabisa ngaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu ujonga umxholo opheleleyo, obandakanya iindleko zokuphuhliswa kweziyobisi ezenziweyo, ngenxa yokukwazi ukuthintela ezona ngxaki zinzima nezixabisa kakhulu zosulelo lwe-hepatitis C, la machiza matsha ayindlela eyamkelekileyo yokongeza kwi-arsenal.

Ngaba abaguli kufuneka bazenze njani izigqibo zabo zonyango?

Ndingacebisa ukuba izigulana zithathe izigqibo zonyango ngokusebenzisana nogqirha wazo emva kwengxoxo ngemeko yangoku yosulelo lwabo, imeko yangoku yesibindi sabo, kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukubambelela kunyango.