Isibindi nodule: inokuba yintoni kwaye ingabonisa nini umhlaza

Umxholo

• Yintoni enokuba sisigaqa esibindini
• 1. Izihlunu namathumba
• 2. Ingqwalaselo ye-nodular hyperplasia
• 3. IHepatic hemangioma
• 4. I-adenoma yesibindi
• Xa iqhuma linokuba ngumhlaza
• Inokuba nini i-hepatocellular carcinoma
• Inokuba yimastastasis nini
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela umhlaza

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iqhuma elisesibindini alinabungozi kwaye ke aliyongozi, ngakumbi xa livela kubantu abangenaso isifo sesibindi esaziwayo, esifana nesibindi okanye ihepatitis, kwaye ifunyenwe ngengozi kwiimviwo zesiqhelo. Kule meko, i-nodule inokuba yinto nje ye-cyst, eluhlobo lwesikhwama esinomxholo wolwelo onokubangelwa zii-parasites, ithumba okanye kubangelwa ziibhaktheriya, umzekelo. Kwimeko yamaqhakuva abangelwa zizifunxi-gazi okanye amathumba, ahlala efuna unyango olululo.

Ngokubanzi, iiqhuqhuva ezinobungozi azibangeli zimpawu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kufuneka zivavanywe rhoqo ngeemvavanyo ezinje ngetomography kunye nemagnetic resonance imaging, ukufumanisa ukuba zikhula ngobukhulu. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kwaye iqhuma lonyuka ngobukhulu, kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngeentlungu zesisu kunye notshintsho olwetyisayo, kwimeko apho kufuneka zisuswe ngotyando. Xa i-nodule ikrokrelwa, kusenokuba yimfuneko ukwenza i-biopsy ukwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo.

Kwimeko yesigulo esibi, ihlala ibe sisifo sentsholongwane kwaye senzeka kubantu abanomhlaza kwenye indawo, okanye ngumhlaza wesibindi uqobo, obizwa ngokuba yi-hepatocellular carcinoma, edla ngokubonakala kubantu abanesifo sesibindi. Ngesi sizathu, ngalo lonke ixesha kuvela i-nodule yesibindi kumntu onesifo sokuqina kwesibindi, maninzi amathuba okuba ngumhlaza kwaye, ke, umntu kufuneka aye kugqirha wesibindi ukuze aqinisekise isifo kwaye aqale unyango. Funda ngakumbi malunga nethumba lesibindi kunye nendlela yokunyanga.

Yintoni enokuba sisigaqa esibindini

Ukuvela kwesigaxa esibindini kunokuba nezizathu ezininzi. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zibandakanya:

1. Izihlunu namathumba

Uninzi lweziganeko zesigaqa esibindini zii-cyst. Ii-cysts zihlala zilula, zilungile kwaye azibangeli zimpawu kwaye ke azidingi nyango. Xa zibangelwa zii-parasites, zinokubangela iimpawu kwaye zifuna ukususwa ngotyando okanye umjelo weziqulatho zazo. Kunqabile ngakumbi, kukho ii-cysts ezinxulunyaniswa nezifo zemfuzo, okt ezizalwe nomntu, kwaye zihlala ziba maninzi. Kule meko, ukufakelwa kulona nyango luboniswe kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho ii-cysts ezikrokrelwayo ezinobungozi, ekufuneka ziphathwe ngokukhawuleza.

I-nodule inokuba ithumba, efuna unyango lwe-antibiotiki okanye ekugqibeleni ikhutshwe okanye ifunelwe ngenaliti.

Kwimeko yazo zombini ii-cysts kunye namathumba, i-tomography, imaging resonance imaging kunye ne-ultrasound zihlala zanele ukwenza isifo kwaye ngenxa yoko zivumela i-hepatologist ukuba ikhethe olona nyango lufanelekileyo. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-cyst yesibindi kunye nethumba lesibindi.

2. Ingqwalaselo ye-nodular hyperplasia

Esi sisibilini sesibini esixhaphakileyo sesibindi, esixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-50 ubudala. Uninzi lwexesha alubangeli zimpawu, zifunyanwa kwiimviwo zesiqhelo. Le hyperplasia inamathuba amancinci okuba yingozi, ke kufuneka ilandelwe kuphela kwiimviwo ezinjenge-ultrasound, tomography okanye magnetic resonance. Ukusetyenziswa kwepilisi kunokukhuthaza ukukhula kwayo, nangona ayingonobangela wesigaqa, ke abasetyhini abathatha ipilisi bahlala belandelwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 okanye ezili-12.

Unyango lotyando luyacetyiswa xa kukho iimpawu, amathandabuzo kuvavanyo ngaphandle kweemviwo, okanye xa kukho urhano lokuba yi-adenoma, enomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nobubi okanye iingxaki. Qonda ngcono ukuba yintoni egxile kwi-nodular hyperplasia.

3. IHepatic hemangioma

I-Hemangioma sisiphene segazi esibelekwe ngokuzalwa, oko kukuthi, izalwe nomntu kwaye sesona sifo sesibindi siqhelekileyo. Ihlala ifumaneka ngengozi kwiimviwo zesiqhelo, kuba uninzi aluniki zimpawu.

Ukuxilongwa kuhlala kwenziwa nge-ultrasound, tomography okanye nge-MRI, kwaye ukuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5 cm, akukho nyango okanye ukulandelelwa okuyimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iphela ikhula ngaphezulu kwe-5 cm, ukulandelelana kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 kuye kunyaka omnye. Ngamanye amaxesha inokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye icinezele i-capsule yesibindi okanye ezinye izakhiwo, kubangele iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu, okanye kunokubonisa iimpawu zobubi, kwaye kufuneka isuswe ngotyando.

Iimbethi manqindi, abadlali bebhola ekhatywayo kunye nabasetyhini abazimisele ukukhulelwa, kwaye baneehemangiomas ezinkulu, nangona bengenazo iimpawu, basemngciphekweni wokopha okanye ukuqhekeka kwehemangioma, eziyimeko ezibi kakhulu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kufuneka benze utyando ukuze basuse. Xa umntu ene-hemangioma enkulu kwaye eziva buhlungu, iintlungu ngequbuliso kunye nokwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi, kuya kufuneka afune iingcebiso kwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba zivavanywe, kuba oku kunokuba yenye yezo meko.

Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni i-hemangioma, ungayiqinisekisa njani kunye neendlela zonyango.

4. I-adenoma yesibindi

I-Adenoma sisifo esibuhlungu sesibindi, esinqabe kunqabile, kodwa sixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40, kuba ukusetyenziswa kwepilisi kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuphuhla. Ukongeza kwipilisi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-anabolic steroids kunye nezifo ezithile zofuzo zokuqokelelwa kwe-glycogen kunokwandisa amathuba okuphuhlisa.

I-adenoma ihlala ifunyanwa ngexesha leemviwo ngenxa yezikhalazo zentlungu esiswini okanye, njengokufunyanwa ngengozi kwiimviwo zesiqhelo. Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa nge-ultrasound, tomography okanye i-resonance, evumela ukwahlula i-adenoma kwi-nodular hyperplasia evela kumhlaza wesibindi, umzekelo.

Njengakwiimeko ezininzi i-adenoma ingaphantsi kwe-5 cm kwaye ngenxa yoko inomngcipheko ophantsi womhlaza kunye neengxaki ezinjengokopha okanye ukuqhekeka, ayifuni unyango kwaye inokulandelwa ngokulula kwiimviwo eziqhelekileyo, ekuthi kwimeko yokuyeka ukuya exesheni yenziwa rhoqo ngonyaka. I-Adenomas inkulu kune-5 cm, kwelinye icala, inengozi enkulu yokuba neengxaki okanye ukuba ngumhlaza, kwaye kufuneka isuswe kuqhaqho. Ukuqonda ngcono malunga ne-adenoma yesibindi kunye neengxaki zayo.

Xa iqhuma linokuba ngumhlaza

Xa umntu engenayo imbali yesifo sesibindi, i-nodule ihlala ilungile kwaye ayibonisi umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, xa sele kukho isifo sesibindi, esifana nesibindi okanye i-hepatitis, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba i-nodule ingaba ngumhlaza, obizwa ngokuba yi-hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ukongeza, i-nodule inokubonakala ngenxa yobukho bomhlaza kwenye indawo, emele kule meko i-metastasis yomnye umhlaza.

Inokuba nini i-hepatocellular carcinoma

I-cirrhosis yotywala kunye ne-hepatitis zizifo eziphambili zesibindi ezikhokelela ekubonakaleni kwe-hepatocellular carcinoma. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kulandelwe ngokuchanekileyo i-hepatologist, xa kukho umngcipheko wokuvela kwezi zifo, ukunciphisa amathuba omhlaza.

Ke, ukuba umntu une:

• Imbali yotofelo-gazi;
• Iitattoos;
• Ukutofa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi;
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala;
• Imbali yosapho yesifo sesibindi esinganyangekiyo njenge-cirrhosis.

Unokuba semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa sisifo sesibindi kunye / okanye umhlaza, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubone i-hepatologist ukuvavanya amathuba okuba nesifo sesibindi kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo, ukuba kukho imfuneko.

Inokuba yimastastasis nini

Isibindi yindawo eqhelekileyo yokubonakala kwemastastase, ngakumbi xa kukho uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza kwinkqubo yokwetyisa, enjengesisu, ipancreas kunye nekholon, kodwa kunye nomhlaza wamabele okanye wemiphunga.

Rhoqo umntu usenokungabi nazimpawu xa efumanisa ukuba umhlaza sele ugqibile, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu ezingezizo ezinje ngeentlungu zesisu, ukuqaqanjelwa ngumzimba, ubuthathaka kunye nokwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu kungabonakala kuphela komhlaza.

Jonga ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezinokubangela imastastases yesibindi.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela umhlaza

Xa umntu eneempawu ezinjengokudumba kwesisu, ukopha emathunjini, utshintsho kwimeko yomqondo, amehlo atyheli kunye nolusu okanye ukwehla kobunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu, kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho isifo sesibindi okanye umhlaza wesibindi. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu azicacanga ncam, njengokuphelelwa ngamandla kunye nokwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, kodwa inokuba kuphela kophawu lomhlaza.

Ke, xa umntu enazo ezi ntlobo zezikhalazo, kufuneka aye kugqirha wezifo zesibindi okanye ugqirha jikelele, oya kuthi enze uvavanyo olufanelekileyo, kunye novavanyo oluthile lokuzama ukuqonda imvelaphi yomhlaza kwaye, ukusuka apho, abonise olona nyango luchanekileyo .

Unyango luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umhlaza uvela esibindini okanye nokuba yi-metastatic. Ukuba i-metastasis, iya kuba ngohlobo lomhlaza owawuqala kuyo. Kwimeko yomhlaza wesibindi, unyango lunokunyanga, xa lincinci kwaye lunokususwa, okanye ukuba unokufakelwa isibindi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, xa umhlaza uqhubele phambili kwaye unyango lungenakwenzeka, unyango lunako kuyakucothisa ukukhula komhlaza kwaye ke kwandise ubomi bomntu ixesha elide.