Ukuqonda iAutism kwabaseTyhini

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu zentsholongwane?
• Unxibelelwano lwentlalo kunye neempawu zonxibelelwano
• Iimpawu zomzekelo wokuziphatha
• Zahluke njani iimpawu kwabasetyhini?
• Yintoni ebangela i-autism kwabasetyhini?
• Ngaba lukhona uvavanyo lwe-autism kwabasetyhini?
• Inyangwa njani i-autism kwabasetyhini?
• Ndingayifumana phi inkxaso?
• Ukufundwa okuphakanyisiweyo
  
• Umgca wezantsi

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni iAuthism?

Ukuphazamiseka kwembonakalo ye-Autism yimeko echaphazela indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo, yokunxibelelana, nokunxibelelana nabanye. Esi sifo sidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-autism.

Yayidla ngokuqhekezwa ibe zii-subtypes, ezinje nge-Asperger's syndrome, kodwa ngoku iphathwa njengemeko eneempawu ezibanzi neziba qatha.

Kodwa ngaba iimpawu ze-autism kunye nobukhali bazo bohluka phakathi kwesini? Phakathi kwabantwana, i-autism ixhaphake kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazana.

Nangona kunjalo, ukubandakanya phantse abantwana abangama-2 500 abane-autism bacebisa ukuba kuhlala kungafumaneki kumantombazana. Oku kungachaza ukuba kutheni i-autism ibonakala ixhaphake kakhulu kubafana.

Kutheni le nto i-autism ihlala ingafumaneki kumantombazana? Ngaba i-autism kwabasetyhini yahluke mpela kwi-autism emadodeni? Funda ngokufunda iimpendulo ezinokubakho kule mibuzo kunye nabanye malunga ne-autism kubafazi.

Zithini iimpawu zentsholongwane?

Iimpawu ze-Autism zihlala zibonakala ebuntwaneni bokuqala, ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-2. Umzekelo, iintsana azinakho ukudibana namehlo. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokubonisa ukungakhathali kubazali babo.

Malunga neminyaka emi-2, banokuqala ukubonisa iimpawu zobundlongondlongo, ukusilela ukuphendula kwigama labo, okanye ukuqala ukuthatha amanyathelo ngasemva kuphuhliso lwabo lolwimi.

Okwangoku, i-autism sisifo esibonakalayo, kwaye ayingabo bonke abantwana abane-autism ababonisa ezi mpawu. Ngokubanzi, nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ze-autism zihlala zibandakanya iingxaki ngokunxibelelana kwezentlalo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha.

Unxibelelwano lwentlalo kunye neempawu zonxibelelwano

Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abane-autism bahlala benobunzima ekunxibelelaneni nabanye.

Oku kunokubangela uluhlu lweempawu, ezinje:

• ukungakwazi ukujonga okanye ukumamela abantu
• akukho mpendulo kwigama labo
• ukumelana nokuphathaphatha
• ukhetho lokuba wedwa
• izijekulo zobuso ezingalunganga
• ukungakwazi ukuqala incoko okanye ukugcina enye iqhubeka
• Ukuthetha ngokugqithileyo malunga nesihloko osithandayo ngaphandle kokujonga iimpendulo zabanye
• iingxaki zentetho okanye iipatheni zentetho ezingaqhelekanga
• ukungakwazi ukuveza iimvakalelo okanye ukuziqonda kwabanye
• ingxaki yokuqonda iindlela ezilula zentlalo
• kunzima ukulandela umkhombandlela olula
• ukungakwazi ukuqikelela impendulo okanye impendulo yomntu
• Unxibelelwano olungalunganga
• ukungakwazi ukubona iindlela zonxibelelwano ezingezizo

Iimpawu zomzekelo wokuziphatha

Abantu abane-autism bahlala bephindaphinda iipateni zokuziphatha ekunzima ukuzaphula.

Ezinye zeepateni zibandakanya:

• ukwenza iintshukumo eziphindaphindayo, njengokugungqa emva naphambili
• ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo okanye amasiko angenakuphazanyiswa
• ukuzenzakalisa, kubandakanya ukuluma kunye nokubamba intloko
• Ukuphindaphinda amagama kunye namabinzana
• ukuba nomdla kakhulu kumbandela othile, inyani, okanye iinkcukacha
• amava okukhanya kunye nesandi ngakumbi okanye ngaphantsi ngamandla kunabanye
• ukulungisa izinto ezithile okanye imisebenzi
• ukuba nokukhetha ukutya okhethekileyo okanye ukubathintela ukutya

Zahluke njani iimpawu kwabasetyhini?

Iimpawu ze-autism kwabasetyhini azifani kakhulu nezo zingamadoda. Nangona kunjalo, kholelwa ukuba abasetyhini kunye namantombazana kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba bazifihle okanye bazifihle iimpawu zabo. Oku kuqheleke ngakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini kwisiphelo esisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwimbonakalo ye-autism.

Iifom eziqhelekileyo zokufihla ziquka:

• ukuzinyanzela ukuba ujonge amehlo ngexesha leencoko
• ukulungiselela iziqhulo okanye amabinzana ngaphambi kwexesha oza kuwasebenzisa kwincoko
• ukulinganisa indlela yokuziphatha kwabanye
• ukuxelisa intetho kunye nezimbo zomzimba

Ngelixa omabini amadoda nabasetyhini abane-autism banokuzifihla iimpawu zabo, kubonakala ngathi kuxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini nakumantombazana. Oku kungachaza ukuba kutheni kunqabile ukuba bafumane isifo se-autism.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izifundo ezijonga umohluko phakathi kwe-autism kwabasetyhini nakumadoda bezincinci okanye zinesiphene. Iingcali azikabinalo ulwazi olucacileyo malunga nala mahluko, kubandakanya nokuba ayinyani okanye asisiphumo nje sokuzifihla.

Okwangoku, enye yento eyenziweyo kumxholo iphakamisa ukuba, xa kuthelekiswa namadoda, abasetyhini abane-autism bane:

• ubunzima bezentlalo kunye nengxaki yokunxibelelana
• Ngaphantsi kobuchule bokuziqhelanisa
• kuncinci kutyekelo lokujolisa kakhulu kwisifundo okanye kwimisebenzi
• iingxaki ezingakumbi zeemvakalelo
• iingxaki zokuqonda kunye nolwimi
• iindlela zokuziphatha ezinengxaki, ezinjengokuziphatha kunye nokuba ndlongondlongo

Uninzi lwezifundo ezikhulu, zexesha elide ziyafuneka ukwenza izigqibo eziqinisekileyo malunga ne-autism kwabasetyhini.

Yintoni ebangela i-autism kwabasetyhini?

Iingcali aziqinisekanga ukuba yintoni ebangela i-autism. Ngokunikwa kuluhlu olubanzi lweempawu kunye nobukhali, i-autism inokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ufuzo kunye nezinto zokusingqongileyo.

Ngelixa kungekho bungqina bokuba oyena nobangela we-autism wahlukile phakathi kwabesini esithile, ezinye iingcali zibonisa ukuba amakhwenkwe akwimeko ephezulu yokuba nawo.

Umzekelo, abaphandi ababandakanyekayo kuphononongo olukhulu olukhankanywe apha ngasentla bakholelwa ukuba amantombazana anokuzalwa enezinto ezikhuselayo zemfuza ezicutha amathuba abo e-autism.

Kukho ithiyori evelayo ebizwa ngokuba "yengqondo yobudoda egqithileyo" ithiyori. Isekwe kwingcinga yokuba ukubonakaliswa kwemveku kumanqanaba aphezulu ehomoni yamadoda esibelekweni kunokuchaphazela ukukhula kwengqondo.

Ngenxa yoko, ingqondo yomntwana inokujolisa ngakumbi ekuqondeni nasekuhleleni izinto, iimpawu ezinxulunyaniswa ngokubanzi nengqondo yamadoda. Oku kuthelekiswa nokuziva uxolile kunye nokuhlala, okuhlala kunxulunyaniswa nengqondo yabasetyhini.

Iziphumo zehomoni kuphuhliso lobuchopho azaziwa okwangoku, ukunika le ithiyori ezinye zezithintelo. Okwangoku, sisiqalo ekuqondeni ukuba i-autism ikhula njani kwaye kutheni ibonakala ngakumbi kumakhwenkwe kunamantombazana.

Ngaba lukhona uvavanyo lwe-autism kwabasetyhini?

Akukho luvavanyo lonyango olunokuchonga i-autism. Inokuba yinkqubo enzima ehlala ifuna ukutyelela iintlobo ezininzi zoogqirha.

Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba umntwana wakho angaba kwi-autism spectrum, yenza idinga nogqirha wabo. Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zomntwana wakho, ugqirha wabo unokubathumela kwisazi sengqondo somntwana okanye kwi-neurologist yabantwana.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ungafumananga i-autism, qala ngokuthetha nogqirha wakho wokhathalelo. Isazi ngengqondo sinokukunceda uvavanye iimpawu zakho kwaye ulawule ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela. Funda ngakumbi malunga nenkqubo yokusebenza nogqirha ukufumana isifo se-autism.

Autism kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukufumanisa kubantu abadala. Kuya kufuneka utyelele oogqirha abambalwa ngaphambi kokuba ufumane umntu oziqondayo iimpawu kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, zama ukubuza amalungu osapho asondeleyo malunga naziphi na iimpawu okanye iimpawu onokuthi uzibonakalise njengomntwana. Oku kunokukunceda ukunika ugqirha uluvo olungcono lokukhula kwakho njengomntwana.

Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, khumbula ukuba ungoyena mmeli wakho ubalulekileyo. Ukuba uziva ngathi ugqirha wakho akayithathi nzulu inkxalabo yakho, thetha okanye ufumane uluvo lwesibini. Ukufuna uluvo lwesibini kuqhelekile, kwaye akufuneki uzive ungakhululekanga ngokwenza njalo.

Inyangwa njani i-autism kwabasetyhini?

Ngelixa lungekho unyango lwe-autism, amayeza anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu ezithile ezinxulumene noko okanye ukuphazamiseka okunokubakho.

Kodwa amayeza yinkalo enye yonyango lwe-autism. Zininzi iindidi zonyango lomzimba, lwasemsebenzini, nolokuthetha olunokukunceda usebenzisane ngcono nehlabathi elikungqongileyo kunye nokulawula iimpawu zakho.

Ndingayifumana phi inkxaso?

Ngenxa yokuba abasetyhini bahlala bengcono ekuzifihliseni iimpawu zabo, ukuba ngumfazi one-autism unokuziva ekhetheke ngokukodwa. Kubafazi abaninzi, yinkqubo yeemvakalelo ebandakanya ukuphinda uthethe ngokuziphatha kwabantwana kunye neengxaki zentlalo.

Cinga ngokufikelela kwabanye abafazi abaphila ne-autism. I-Autistic Women and Network nonbinary ngumbutho ongenzi nzuzo ozinikele ekuxhaseni abantu basetyhini kunye nabantu abangahambelaniyo nesini abane-autism.

Nokuba awukulungelanga ukunxibelelana nomntu, unokufumana iiposti zebhlog, amabali abantu bokuqala, kunye neengcebiso zogqirha kwi-intanethi.

Ukufundwa okuphakanyisiweyo

• Ukucinga ngemifanekiso Le yile ngxelo ye-Grandin ye-Temple, i-PhD, omnye wabasetyhini abaziwayo kakhulu abane-autism.Unika umbono wakhe njengososayensi ophumeleleyo kunye nabasetyhini abaphila ne-autism.
• Abafazi kunye namantombazana ane-Autism Spectrum Disorder. Le ngqokelela yamanqaku ophando kunye namabali obuqu abonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zokuba abantu basetyhini kunye namantombazana ane-autism bahamba njani kwihlabathi elibajikelezileyo.
• Ndingu-AspienWoman. Incwadi ephumelele amabhaso iphonononga indlela ababhinqileyo abanamava e-autism kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo. Ikwaxoxa ngeendlela apho i-autism inokuba yindlela elungileyo yokucinga kunaleyo ifuna unyango olunoburharha.

Ngaba ujonge ezinye iingcebiso zencwadi? Jonga uluhlu lwethu lwezinye iincwadi ezibalulekileyo kubantu abadala abane-autism okanye abazali babantwana abane-autism.

Umgca wezantsi

I-Autism ibonakala ixhaphake kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazana, kwaye abaphandi baqala ukukuqonda ngcono umahluko kwindlela amakhwenkwe namantombazana afumana ngayo i-autism.

Ngelixa oku kuthembisayo kwizizukulwana ezizayo, abantu abadala ababhinqileyo abacinga ukuba banokuba ne-autism basajamelene nemiceli mngeni yokufumana isifo kunye nokufumana unyango.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ulwazi malunga ne-autism kunye neendlela ezininzi zikhula, ke nezixhobo ezikhoyo ziyafumaneka.

I-Intanethi ikwenze kwalula kunanini na ngaphambili ukunxibelelana nabanye, nkqu nakwabo baphila noxinzelelo lwasentlalweni, uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-autism.