Isiseko seBasal Ganglia Stroke

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu zestal ganglia stroke?
• Yintoni ebangela ukubetha kwe-basal ganglia?
• Yeyiphi imingcipheko yomngcipheko we-basal ganglia stroke?
• Isifo se-basal ganglia sichongwa njani?
• I-basal ganglia stroke inyangwa njani?
• Yintoni ebandakanyekayo ekubuyiseni kwi-basal ganglia stroke?
• Yeyiphi imbonakalo yabantu abanesifo se-basal ganglia stroke?
• Luthini uvavanyo lweFAST?

Yintoni i-basal ganglia stroke?

Ingqondo yakho inamalungu amaninzi asebenza kunye ukulawula iingcinga, iintshukumo, iimpendulo, nayo yonke into eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakho.

I-basal ganglia zii-neurons ezinzulu kwingqondo ezingundoqo ekuhambeni, ukuqonda nasekugwebeni. I-Neurons ziiseli zengqondo ezisebenza njengabathunywa ngokuthumela imiqondiso kuyo yonke inkqubo yeemvakalelo.

Nawuphi na umonzakalo kwi-basal ganglia unokuba neziphumo ezibi, ezinokubakho kwixesha elide ekuhambeni kwakho, ukuqonda, okanye ekugwebeni. Ukubetha okuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-basal ganglia yakho kunokubangela iingxaki ngokulawulwa kwemisipha okanye ukuqonda kwakho. Usenokude ufumane neenguqulelo kubuntu bakho.

Ziintoni iimpawu zestal ganglia stroke?

Iimpawu zestroke kwi-basal ganglia ziya kufana neempawu zestroke kwenye indawo kwingqondo. Ukubethwa sisifo kukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi kuye kwinxalenye yengqondo, mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba umthambo uvaliwe okanye ngenxa yokuba umthambo wegazi ugqabhukile, oko kubangela ukuba igazi lichithekele kwizicwili zobuchopho ezikufutshane.

Iimpawu zesifo sohlangothi zinokubandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu ngokukhawuleza
• ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lobuso okanye komzimba
• ukunqongophala kolungelelwaniso okanye ulungelelwaniso
• kunzima ukuthetha okanye ukuqonda amagama athethwe kuwe
• kunzima ukubona kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo

Ngenxa yohlobo oluyingqayizivele lwe-basal ganglia, iimpawu zesifo se-basal ganglia singabandakanya:

• izihlunu eziqinileyo okanye ezibuthathaka ezithintela intshukumo
• ukulahleka kolingano ngoncumo lwakho
• kunzima ukugwinya
• ukungcangcazela

Kuxhomekeke kweliphi icala le-basal ganglia elichaphazelekayo, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela. Umzekelo, ukuba ukubetha kwenzeka kwicala lasekunene le-basal ganglia yakho, kunokuba nzima ukubuyela ngasekhohlo. Usenokungazi nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwangoko ngasekhohlo kwakho. Ukubetha ngakwicala lasekunene le-basal ganglia yakho kunokukhokelela kukungakhathali okukhulu kunye nokudideka.

Yintoni ebangela ukubetha kwe-basal ganglia?

Uninzi lweemivimbo ezenzeka kwi-basal ganglia yimivimbo eyophayo. Isibetho esophulayo senzeka xa umthambo kwinxalenye yengqondo uqhekeka. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba udonga lwe-artery luba buthathaka luye lukhale luze luvumele igazi ukuba liphume.

Imithambo yegazi kwi-basal ganglia incinci ngakumbi kwaye isengozini yokuqhekeka okanye yokuqhekeka. Kungenxa yoko le nto isiseko se-basal ganglia sihlala sibetha kakhulu. Phantse iipesenti ezili-13 zazo zonke izibetho ziyingozi.

I-stroke ye-ischemic inokuchaphazela i-basal ganglia. Olu hlobo lwesibetho lwenzeka xa i-clot yegazi okanye imithambo emincinci ithintela ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo kwimithambo yegazi. Oku kulamba izicwili zeoksijini kunye nezondlo ezihanjiswa kwigazi. Istroke se-ischemic sinokuchaphazela i-basal ganglia ukuba umthambo we-cerebral artery, oyena mthambo wegazi uphakathi ebuchotsheni, unehlwili.

Yeyiphi imingcipheko yomngcipheko we-basal ganglia stroke?

Imiba yomngcipheko wesifo esophayo kwi-basal ganglia ibandakanya:

• ukutshaya
• isifo seswekile
• igazi elonyukayo

Ezi zinto zibeka emngciphekweni nazo zinokwandisa umngcipheko westroke se-ischemic. Funda kabanzi malunga nemingcipheko yesifo.

Isifo se-basal ganglia sichongwa njani?

Xa usesibhedlele, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukwazi iimpawu zakho kunye nokuba ziqale nini, kunye nembali yakho yonyango. Eminye imibuzo abanokuyibuza ibandakanya:

• Ngaba uyatshaya?
• Ingaba unaso isifo seswekile?
• Ngaba unyangwa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu?

Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna imifanekiso yengqondo yakho ukuze abone ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni. Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kunye neMRI kungabanika imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Nje ukuba abasebenzi bexesha likaxakeka bazi ukuba uluhlobo luni lwe-stroke onalo, banokukunika uhlobo olululo lonyango.

I-basal ganglia stroke inyangwa njani?

Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwe-stroke lixesha. Ngokukhawuleza ufike esibhedlele, ngokukhethekileyo i-stroke centre, mhlawumbi ugqirha unokunciphisa umonakalo kwi-stroke. Tsalela umnxeba iinkonzo zongxamiseko zengingqi yakho okanye ubenomntu osondeleyo kuwe akubize ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu ziqala.

Ukuba unesifo se-ischemic stroke kwaye ufika esibhedlele kwisithuba seeyure eziyi-4,5 ukuqala kweempawu, unokufumana ichiza elihlasimlisa umzimba elibizwa ngokuba yi-tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Oku kunokunceda ukunyibilikisa uninzi lwamahlwili. Ukususwa kwe-clot clot kungasetyenziswa ngoku kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala kweempawu. Ezi zikhokelo zihlaziyiweyo zokunyanga ukubetha kwamiswa yi-American Heart Association (AHA) kunye neAmerican Stroke Association (ASA) ngo-2018.

Ukuba unesifo esibuhlungu, awunakuthatha i-TPA kuba iyayithintela i-clotting kwaye inyuse ukuhamba kwegazi. Iyeza linokubangela ukopha okwenzakalisayo okuyingozi kunye nokonakala kwengqondo ngakumbi.

Ukubethwa sisifo esibuhlungu, unokufuna utyando ukuba ukugqabhuka kubalulekile.

Yintoni ebandakanyekayo ekubuyiseni kwi-basal ganglia stroke?

Ukuba uye wabethwa sistroke, kufuneka uthathe inxaxheba ekubuyiseleni kwimeko yesiqhelo ukubetha. Ukuba ibhalansi yakho ichaphazelekile kukubetha, iingcali zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo zinokukunceda ufunde ukuhamba kwakhona. Abanyangi bokuthetha banokukunceda ukuba ubuchule bakho bokuthetha buchaphazelekile. Ngokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili, uya kufunda kwakhona imithambo kunye neebhola onokuzenza ekhaya ukuqhubela phambili ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Kwimeko yesifo se-basal ganglia, ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunokuba nzima ngakumbi. Ukubetha okungakwesokudla kungenza kube nzima ukuqonda uvakalelo kwicala lakho lasekhohlo nasemva kokuba ukubetha kuphelile. Unokuba nobunzima bokwazi ukuba siphi na isandla sakho sasekhohlo okanye unyawo esithubeni. Ukwenza iintshukumo ezilula kunokuba nzima ngakumbi.

Ukongeza kubunzima bokubonwayo kunye nezinye iingxaki zomzimba, unokuba nemiceli mngeni ngokweemvakalelo. Unokuba novakalelo ngakumbi kunokuba wawunjalo ngaphambi kokubetha kwe-basal ganglia. Unokuba noxinzelelo okanye uxhalabe. Ingcali yezempilo yengqondo inokukunceda ukunyanga le meko ngokudibanisa unyango kunye nonyango.

Yeyiphi imbonakalo yabantu abanesifo se-basal ganglia stroke?

Ixesha lakho elifutshane kunye nexesha elide emva kokubethwa kwe-basal ganglia kuxhomekeke ekubeni uphathwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwaye zingaphi i-neurons ezilahlekileyo. Ingqondo ngamanye amaxesha inokuphola ekonzakaleni, kodwa kuya kuthatha ixesha. Yiba nomonde kwaye usebenze ngokusondeleyo neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo uthathe amanyathelo okubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Isibetho se-basal ganglia sinokuba neziphumo ezihlala zihleli ezinokuphazamisa umgangatho wobomi bakho. Ukuba naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo soxinzelelo kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nesinye isifo. Ukuba nesibetho se-basal ganglia okanye omnye umonakalo kuloo nxalenye yengqondo nako kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sika-Parkinson.

Ukuba unamathela kwinkqubo yakho yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwaye usebenzise iinkonzo kwindawo ohlala kuyo, unokukwazi ukuphucula amathuba okuba uphinde uchache.

Luthini uvavanyo lweFAST?

Ukwenza ngokukhawuleza sisitshixo ekuphenduleni isifo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezinye zeempawu ezibonisa ukubetha.

Umbutho waseMelika weStroke ucebisa ukuba kukhunjulwe isifinyezo esithi “FAST,” esimele:

• FI-ace drooping: Ngaba elinye icala lobuso bakho lindindisholo kwaye aluphenduli kwimizamo yakho yokuncuma?
• Arm ubuthathaka: Ngaba ungaziphakamisa zombini iingalo phezulu emoyeni, okanye ingalo enye ihle phantsi?
• SUbunzima be-peech: Ngaba ungathetha ngokucacileyo kwaye uqonde amagama athi omnye umntu kuwe?
• Time ukubiza iinkonzo zongxamiseko zengingqi yakho: Ukuba wena okanye umntu okufuphi kuwe unazo okanye ezinye iimpawu zestroke, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye kwinkonzo yakho yongxamiseko kwangoko.

Ungazami ukuziqhubela esibhedlele ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unestroke. Biza iambulensi. Vumela abagadi bezonyango ukuba bavavanye iimpawu zakho kwaye babonelele ngononophelo lokuqala.