Umbhali: Louise Ward
Umhla Wokudalwa: 9 Eyomdumba 2021
Hlaziya Umhla: 20 Eyenkanga 2024
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Umxholo

Ngokudibana namanye amanyathelo okhuselo, anje ngokuhamba ngokwasentlalweni okanye ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nococeko lwezandla olufanelekileyo, iimaski zobuso zinokuba yindlela elula, engabizi mali, kwaye enokuba luncedo yokuhlala ukhuselekile kwaye ucofe ijika le-COVID-19.

Iiarhente zezempilo, kubandakanya namaZiko oLawulo noKuthintela iZifo (i-CDC), ngoku bakhuthaza bonke abantu ukuba bajongane nokugqunywa xa besesidlangalaleni.

Ke, loluphi uhlobo lwesigqubuthelo sobuso esisebenza kakuhle ukunqanda ukuhanjiswa kwe-coronavirus entsha xa uphandle? Qhubeka nokufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemaski kwaye yeyiphi na ekufuneka uyinxibile.

Kutheni le nto iimaski zobuso zinomdla ngale coronavirus?

Nge-coronavirus entsha, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-SARS-CoV-2, elona nani likhulu lokuphalaza intsholongwane, okanye ukuhanjiswa, kwenzeka kwangoko kwesi sifo. Ke ngoko, abantu banokusasazeka ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukubonisa iimpawu.


Ngapha koko, iimodeli zesayensi zibonisa ukuba ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-80 zosulelo zivela kubathwali bentsholongwane.

Uphando oluvelayo lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwemaski okubanzi kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwintsholongwane ngabantu abangaqondi ukuba banako.

Kuyenzeka ukuba ufumane i-SARS-CoV-2 ukuba uchukumisa umlomo, impumlo, okanye amehlo emva kokuchukumisa umphezulu okanye into enentsholongwane kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akucingelwa ukuba yeyona ndlela iphambili ekusasazeni intsholongwane

Zeziphi iintlobo zobuso beemaski ezisebenza kakuhle?

Abaphefumli

Iimpawu zokuphefumla ezivavanyiweyo ezitywiniweyo zenziwe ngefayibhu ezixineneyo ezisebenza ngokukuko ekucoceni amagciwane emoyeni. Ezi ziphefumli kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho yokuhluza engqongqo ebekwe liZiko leSizwe lezoKhuseleko eMsebenzini kunye neMpilo (i-NIOSH).

Ububanzi be-coronavirus buqikelelwa kwii-nanometer eziyi-125 (nm). Ukugcina oku engqondweni, kuyanceda ukwazi ukuba:

  • Ukuphefumla okungqinisisiweyo kwe-N95 kunokucoca iipesenti ezingama-95 zamasuntswana ayi-100 ukuya kuma-300 nm ngokobukhulu.
  • Izinto zokuphefumla ze-N99 zinakho ukucoca iipesenti ezingama-99 zala masuntswana.
  • Ukuphefumla kwe-N100 kunokucoca iipesenti ezingama-99.7 zala masuntswana.

Ezinye zezi zixhobo zokuphefumla zinezivalo ezivumela umoya ophefumlelweyo ukuba uphume, nto leyo yenza kube lula ukuba umntu aphefumle. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto iphambili yile kukuba abanye abantu bayachaphazeleka ngamasuntswana kunye nezifo ezibangelwa zezi zivali.


Ukhathalelo lwempilo lwangaphambili kunye nabanye abasebenzi abafuna ukusebenzisa ezi maski njengenxalenye yomsebenzi wabo bavavanywa ubuncinci kanye ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani bomphefumlo ofanelekileyo kunye nokulingana. Oku kubandakanya ukujonga ukuvuza komoya usebenzisa amasuntswana ovavanyo. Olu vavanyo lwesiqhelo lunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba amasuntswana anobungozi kunye nezifo azikwazi ukuvuza ngaphakathi.

Iimaski zotyando

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zemaski zotyando. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi maski zilahlwayo, zodwa ezisetyenziswayo zinqunqwe zibe yimilo yoxande kunye nezibongozo ezandayo ukugubungela impumlo, umlomo kunye nomhlathi. Zenziwe ngelaphu lokuphefumla lokwenziwa.

Ngokungafaniyo nokuphefumla, iimaski zobuso zotyando akufuneki zihlangabezane nemigangatho yokuhluza ye-NIOSH. Abadingeki ukuba benze itywina elingenawo umoya ngokuchasene nendawo yobuso bakho abayigubungelayo.

Iimaski zokucoca ulwelo lokucoca ulwelo zintsholongwane zahluka kakhulu, kunye neengxelo ezisusela kwi-10 ukuya kwi-90 yepesenti.

Ngaphandle komehluko kumandla afanelekileyo kunye nokuhluza, uvavanyo olungenamkhethe lwafumanisa ukuba iimaski zobuso zotyando kunye nokuphefumla kwe-N95 kunciphise umngcipheko wokuthatha inxaxheba kwizifo ezahlukeneyo zokuphefumla ngeendlela ezifanayo.


Unamathelo-okanye ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo nokungaguqukiyo- kudlale indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kunohlobo lwemaski ebanga lonyango okanye isixhobo sokuphefumla esinxitywa ngabathathi-nxaxheba. Olunye uphononongo lusekele ezi ziphumo.

Iimaski zelaphu

Iimaski zelaphu ezenzelwe wena (DIY) azisebenzi kangako ekukhuseleni lowo uzinxibileyo kuba uninzi lunezikhewu kufutshane nempumlo, izidlele, kunye nomhlathi apho amathontsi amancinci anokufakwa khona. Kananjalo, eli laphu lihlala lingena ngaphakathi kwaye alikwazi ukugcina amathontsi amancinci.

Nangona iimaski zelaphu zihlala zingasebenzi kangako kunabalingane babo abakwizinga lonyango, iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba zingcono kakhulu kunokuba kungabikho maski konke konke xa kunxitywe kwaye kwakhiwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Zeziphi izinto ezisebenza kakuhle kwimask eyenziwe ekhaya?

I-CDC icebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe izaleko ezibini zelaphu eliqinileyo elilukiweyo leepesenti ze-100- ezinje ngezixhobo ze-quilter okanye iibhedi zeebhedi ezinokubalwa okuphezulu kwemisonto - zisongelwe kwiindawo ezininzi.

Ukujiya, iimaski zodidi oluphezulu zihlala zibhetele ekucoceni amasuntswana amancinci. Nangona kunjalo, hlala kude nezinto ezinzima kakhulu, ezifana neengxowa zokucoca.

Ngokubanzi, ulindelo lokuphefumla olulindelweyo xa unxibe imaski. Izinto ezingavumeli ukuba kungene umoya kungenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Oku kunokubeka uxinzelelo entliziyweni nakwimiphunga yakho.

Iifilitha ezakhelweyo ngaphakathi zinokunyusa ukusebenza kweemaski zobuso ze-DIY. Iifilitha zekofu, iitawuli zamaphepha, kunye nayo nayiphi na enye into enokukunceda ukukhulisa ukhuseleko.

Kubaluleke nini ukunxiba imaski?

I-CDC icebisa ukuba unxibe iimaski zobuso kwilaphu kuseto loluntu apho ukuthotyelwa kwamanyathelo okususa umzimba kunokuba nzima ukufezekisa kunye nokugcina. Oku kubalulekile kwiindawo apho ukuhanjiswa okusekwe kuluntu kuphezulu.

Oku kubandakanya, kodwa kungaphelelanga apho, kuseto olunje:

  • iivenkile zokutya
  • iikhemesti
  • izibhedlele kunye nolunye useto lokhathalelo lwempilo
  • iisayithi zomsebenzi, ngakumbi ukuba amanyathelo okwehlukanisa emzimbeni angenakwenzeka

Ngaba wonke umntu kufuneka anxibe imaski?

Iimaski zotyando kunye nokuphefumla zikwimfuno ephezulu kwaye unikezelo lukhawulelwe. Ke ngoko, kufuneka zigcinelwe abasebenzi bezempilo abaphambili kunye nabaphenduli bokuqala.

Nangona kunjalo, iCDC icebisa ukuba phantse wonke umntu anxibe imaski yobuso belaphu.

Abantu abangenakususa imaski bebodwa okanye banemicimbi yokuphefumla akufuneki banxibe iimaski. Kananjalo abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ngenxa yomngcipheko wokufuthaniselwa.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba imaski yobuso ikhuselekile ukuba ungayinxiba, qiniseka ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho. Banokukucebisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lokuzogquma ubuso olunokuba lolona lulungileyo kuwe ukuba ufuna ukubakho esidlangalaleni.

Iingcebiso zokhuselo lobuso

  • Sebenzisa ucoceko lwezandla olufanelekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha unxiba, ususa, okanye uchukumisa umphezulu wobuso bakho.
  • Nxiba kwaye ukhulule imaski ngokuyibamba ngamanqatha endlebe okanye amaqhina, hayi ngokuchukumisa umphambili wesigqubuthelo sobuso.
  • Qinisekisa ukuba imaski yobuso ilingana kakuhle kwaye imitya ilunge ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindlebe zakho okanye ngasemva kwentloko yakho.
  • Kunqande ukubamba imaski xa ikubuso bakho.
  • Coca imaski yakho ngokufanelekileyo.
  • Sebenzisa imaski yakho yelaphu ngokusebenzisa iwasha kunye nesomisi emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye. Yihlambe ngesepha yokuhlamba impahla. Unokubeka imaski yobuso engxoweni yamaphepha kwaye uyigcine kwindawo efudumeleyo, eyomileyo kangangeentsuku ezi-2 okanye ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuyinxiba kwakhona.
  • Ukuba kufuneka uphinde usebenzise isixhobo sokuphefumla okanye imaski yotyando, yihlukanise kwisitya sokuphefumla esifana nebhegi yephepha kangangeentsuku ezisi-7. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba intsholongwane ayisebenzi kwaye ayisosuleli.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukongeza ekubambeni ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokusebenzisa ucoceko lwesandla esifanelekileyo, iingcali ezininzi zempilo zijonga ukusetyenziswa kweemaski zobuso njengeyona nto iphambili ekuncedeni ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-COVID-19.

Nangona iimaski zelaphu ezenziwe ekhaya zingasebenzi kakuhle ekuhluzeni amasuntswana amancinci njengeziphefumli okanye iimaski zotyando, zinika ukhuseleko ngakumbi kunokuba zinganxibanga buso bonke ebusweni.

Ukusebenza kweemaski zobuso ezenziwe ekhaya kunokuphuculwa ngolwakhiwo olufanelekileyo, ukunxiba kunye nolondolozo.

Njengokuba abantu bebuyela emsebenzini, ukuqhubeka nokusetyenziswa kobuso obufanelekileyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukonyuka kosulelo lwentsholongwane.

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