Yintoni yokufunda, ukubukela, ukumamela kunye nokufunda kuyo ukuze wenze uninzi lweShumi elinesihlanu

Umxholo

• Okokuqala, imbali encinci emva kweJunishumi.
• Kutheni siBhiyozela uJuni (kwaye kutheni kufuneka, nawe)
• Yintoni omele uyimamele
• Phakamisa uQhushululu
• ZENDALO
• Layisha kwakhona ku:
• Yintoni omele uyifunde kwiFiction
• Queenie nguCandice Carty-Williams
• Obona buxoki bunobubele nguNancy Johnson
• Nazi ezinye izinto ezimbalwa onokuzifundela ukubamba:
• Yintoni eMawuyifundele iNtengiso
• UJim Crow omtsha ngu-Michelle Alexander
• Ixesha Lokuqala Elilandelayo NguJames Baldwin
• Qhubeka kwaye wongeze ezi kwinqwelo yakho ngokunjalo:
• Yintoni omele uyibukele
• Ukuba
• Abaphambukeli ababini abakude
• Iiwotshi ezongezelelweyo ezifanele ukuzintyintya:
• Ngubani omele ukulandela
• UAlicia Garza
• Opal Tometi
• Qhubeka naba baphathi baMnyama, nabo:
• Uphengululo lwe

Kude kakhulu, imbali yeshumi elinethoba sele igutyungelwe ngomhla wesine kaJulayi. Kwaye ngelixa uninzi lwethu lukhule kunye neenkumbulo ezimnandi zokutya ii-hotdogs, ukubukela iziqhushumbisi, nokunikela ngombala obomvu, omhlophe, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukubhiyozela inkululeko yesizwe sethu, inyani kukuba, wonke amaMelika ayengekho simahla (okanye esondele kuwo) Nge-4 kaJulayi, 1776. Ngapha koko, uThomas Jefferson, utata owasungula umbhali weSibhengezo senkululeko, wayenamakhoboka ali-180 ngelo xesha (amakhoboka abantu abaMnyama abangaphezu kwama-600 ebomini bakhe bonke). Ngaphezu koko, ubukhoboka bungapheliswanga eminye iminyaka engama-87. Nangona kunjalo, kwathatha iminyaka emibini eyongezelelweyo kuwo onke amakhoboka ukuba ekugqibeleni afumane inkululeko ngoJuni 19, 1865-ngoku owaziwa njengoJuneteenth.

Okokuqala, imbali encinci emva kweJunishumi.

Ngomnyaka we-1863, uMongameli uLincoln watyikitya iSibhengezo se-Emancipation esithi bonke "abantu ababanjwe njengamakhoboka" kwi-Confederate evukelayo ithi "ukuya phambili baya kukhululeka."

Ukulungele ukufunda into ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ilahlekile kwiincwadi zakho zesikhokelo? Ngelixa le yayiyinto ebalulekileyo kubantu abaMnyama (isibhengezo sithetha inkululeko yamakhoboka angaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3), inkululeko ayizange isebenze kuwo onke amakhoboka. Kusebenza kuphela kwiindawo eziphantsi kolawulo lweConfederate kwaye hayi kwimimandla ebambe amakhoboka okanye kwimimandla evukelayo phantsi kolawulo lweManyano.

Ngaphaya koko, uMgaqo-siseko waseTexas we-1836 unike ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo kubanini-makhoboka ngelixa uqhubeka unciphisa amalungelo amakhoboka. Ngobukho obuncinci bomanyano, uninzi lwabanini bamakhoboka banquma ukufudukela eTexas namakhoboka abo, ngaloo ndlela bevumela ubukhoboka ukuba buqhubeke.

Nangona kunjalo, ngoJuni 19, 1865, iGosa loMkhosi waseMelika kunye noManyano Jikelele weManyano, uGordon Granger wafika eGalveston, eTexas echaza ukuba onke amakhoboka akhululekile ngokusemthethweni - utshintsho olwachaphazela ubomi be-250,000 abamnyama ngonaphakade.

Kutheni siBhiyozela uJuni (kwaye kutheni kufuneka, nawe)

Eyeshumi elinethoba, emfutshane ngo "Juni 19," kukhunjulwa ukuphela kobukhoboka obusemthethweni eMelika kwaye kufanekisela amandla kunye nokomelela kwabantu abamnyama baseMelika. Kwaye nge-15 kaJuni, ngo-2021, iNdlu yeeNgwevu yapasisa umthetho oyilwayo ukuyenza iholide yomanyano- ekugqibeleni. . (Umthetho we-FYI ngoku kufuneka ugqithe kwiNdlu yabaMeli, ke umnwe uwele!) Lo mbhiyozo awubophelelwanga kwimbali yamaNtsundu kuphela, ubotshwe ngqo kwintambo yembali yaseMelika. Emva kwezidubedube zanamhlanje kunye nokwanda kwengcinezelo yobuhlanga, uJuni weshumi, nokwaziwa njengoSuku lweNkululeko, uSuku lweNkululeko, okanye uSuku lweJubliee, ngokwemvelo uye wafumana ukukhanya okukhulu ngakumbi kwihlabathi jikelele - kwaye kufanelekile.

Ukunceda ukubamba ubunyani bokwenyani, ukubaluleka, kunye nembali kaJuni weshumi, siqokelele uluhlu lweepodcasts, iincwadi, amaxwebhu, imiboniso bhanyabhanya, kunye neenkqubo zikamabonakude ukuze uphonononge kuzo - hayi ngoku kubhiyozelwa kweyeshumi kaJuni, kodwa ngaphaya iholide. Ngelixa olu luhlu lweengcebiso lungaphelelanga, ngethemba, luyakukuxhobisa ukuba ufunde ngakumbi ngamabali angaziwayo eenguqu zabantu abaMnyama namhlanje, kwaye yonke ngosuku, ukuphakamisa amazwi aMnyama kunye nokufuna ukulingana kubo bonke.

Yintoni omele uyimamele

Phakamisa uQhushululu

Ibanjwe nguSidney Madden kunye noRodney Carmichael, iLouder Than A Riot iphonononga ukuhlangana phakathi kokunyuka kwehip hop kunye nokuvalelwa kwabantu abaninzi eMelika. Isiqendu ngasinye singena kwibali lomculi ukuba livavanye imiba eyahlukeneyo yenkqubo yezobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho echaphazela ngokungafaniyo abantu abamnyama baseMelika kwaye, ngokwenza njalo, ibuyisela iingxelo ezimbi malunga nehip hop kunye nokunxibelelana kwayo noluntu oluMnyama. (I-ICYDK, abantu abaMnyama bavalelwe ngaphezulu kwamaxesha amahlanu amanqanaba oogxa babo abamhlophe, ngokwe-NAACP.) Le podcast isebenzisa uhlobo lomculo oluthandwayo ngabantu beemvelaphi ezahlukeneyo ukubhentsisa oko abantu abaninzi abamnyama baseMelika bakubonileyo kudlalwa amaxesha ngamaxesha ngenkohlakalo yamapolisa, amaqhinga asemthethweni anocalucalulo, kunye nemifanekiso ethoba isidima kumajelo eendaba. Unokujonga i-Louder than A Riot kwi-NPR One, Apple, Spotify, kunye noGoogle.

ZENDALO

Ifunyenwe kwaye yaveliswa liqela labayili abaMnyama, i-NATAL, i-podcast docuseries, isebenzisa ubungqina bomntu wokuqala ukuxhobisa nokufundisa abaNtsundu abakhulelweyo nabazalayo. Abavelisi abaphetheyo kunye nabasingathi uGabrielle Horton kunye noMartina Abrahams Ilunga basebenzisa i-NATAL "ukudlulisa imic kubazali abaMnyama ukuba babalise amabali abo malunga nokukhulelwa, ukuzala, kunye nokunakekelwa kwasemva kokubeleka, ngamagama abo." I-docuseries, eyaqala ngeveki ka-Epreli 2020 yeVeki yezeMpilo yabaMama abaDala, ikwaqaqambisa abasebenzi bokuzalwa, iingcali zonyango, abaphandi, kunye nabameli bokulwa yonke imihla ngononophelo olungcono lwabazali abamnyama bokuzala. Ukuthathela ingqalelo into yokuba abasetyhini abaMnyama banamathuba aphindwe kathathu kunabafazi abamhlophe abasweleka ngenxa yeengxaki ezinxulumene nokukhulelwa, i-NATAL sisibonelelo esibalulekileyo koomama abaMnyama nakoomama abaya kuba kuyo yonke indawo. Mamela iNatal kwiApple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google, nakuyo yonke indawo iipodcasts ziyafumaneka.

Layisha kwakhona ku:

• Tshintsha ikhowudi
• Funda
• I-Identity Politics
• Umsantsa Wokwahluka
• Izalamane
• 1619
• Isaqhuba
• I-Stoop

Yintoni omele uyifunde kwiFiction

Queenie nguCandice Carty-Williams

Igama elinye le Ixesha Iincwadi ezili-100 ezizezona zibalaseleyo zika-2019, uCandice Carty-Williams ongoyikiyo wokuqala ulandela uQueenie Jenkins, umfazi waseJamaican-Bhritane ezama ukulungelelanisa phakathi kweenkcubeko ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngelixa engafanelanga ncam. Kumsebenzi wakhe njengentatheli yephephandaba, uhlala enyanzelekile ukuba azithelekise noontanga bakhe abamhlophe. Phakathi kokuphambana kwakhe kwemihla ngemihla, isoka lakhe elide elimhlophe lithatha isigqibo sokucela "ikhefu". Kwilinge lokubuya kwisikrelemnqa sakhe, intatheli eneminyaka engama-25 ubudala ikhathalela kwisigqibo esithandabuzekayo ukuya kwesinye, ngalo lonke ixesha izama ukuqonda injongo yayo ebomini - umbuzo uninzi lwethu olunokuhambelana nawo. Le noveli ichaza ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba yintombazana eNtsundu ekhoyo kwiindawo ezininzi ezimhlophe, nehlabathi layo eliwohlokayo. Nangona ikrelekrele ekrelekrele, kodwa enobuntununtunu ilwa nempilo yengqondo, ubuhlanga ngaphakathi, kunye nokukhetha emsebenzini, ekugqibeleni ufumana amandla okukuphindisa konke-ukumkanikazi oyinyani! (Eyeleleneyo: Indlela ubuhlanga obuyichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho yengqondo)

Obona buxoki bunobubele nguNancy Johnson

Uyintandokazi yeklabhu yencwadi, Ubuxoki Obuhle NguNancy Johnson, ubalisa ibali lenjineli uRuth Tuttle kunye nohambo lwakhe lokuxolelanisa elidlulileyo elizaliswe ziimfihlakalo kumzamo wokuqala usapho. Ukusekwa ngexesha loQoqosho oluKhulu kunye nokuqala kwexesha elitsha lethemba emva kokuphumelela kukaMongameli u-Obama wokuqala, le ncwadana yamanqaku malunga nobuhlanga, iklasi kunye neentsapho. Ngelixa umyeni wakhe enomdla wokuqalisa usapho, uRuth akaqinisekanga; usakhathazwa sisigqibo awasithatha esakhula sokushiya unyana wakhe ngasemva. Ke, ubuyela kusapho lwakhe olwahlukane nedolophu yaseGanton, eIndiana ukuya kwenza uxolo nexesha lakhe elidlulileyo- inkqubo eyamnyanzela ukuba alwe needemon zakhe, afumane ubuxoki obufihliweyo phakathi kosapho, kunye nobuso idolophu enezityholo zobuhlanga wasinda kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Ubuxoki Obuhle luphawu olunyanzelayo lweempawu zokukhula kusapho oluMnyama, olusebenzayo eMelika kunye nonxibelelwano oluntsonkothileyo phakathi kohlanga neklasi.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezimbalwa onokuzifundela ukubamba:

• Eyeshumi elinanye nguRalph Ellison
• Ubudala obumnandi ngolu hlobo Ukuhlaziywa ngu-Kiley Reid
• Abantwana beGazi nethambo nguTomi Adeyemi
• Ukugoduka Ngu-Yaa Gyasi
• NtandanguToni Morrison
• Ukukhathalelwa kunye nokutyisa amantombazana alambileyo nguAnissa Grey
• Americanah nguChimamanda Ngozi Adichie
• Amakhwenkwe eNickel nguColson Whitehead
• Ukuphupha kweNtombazana eNtsundu nguJacqueline Woodson

Yintoni eMawuyifundele iNtengiso

UJim Crow omtsha ngu-Michelle Alexander

A INew York Times ethengisa kakhulu (ichithe phantse iiveki ezingama-250 kuluhlu oluthengisa kakhulu kwiphepha!), UJim Crow Omtsha iphonononga imiba enxulumene nobuhlanga ekhethekileyo kumadoda aMnyama kunye nokuvalelwa kwabantu abaninzi eUnited States kwaye ichaza indlela inkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho yesizwe esebenza ngayo kubantu abaNtsundu. Umbhali, umlobi wamalungelo oluntu, kunye nomphengululi wezomthetho uMichelle Alexander ubonakalisa ukuba, ngokujolisa kumadoda aMnyama "ngeMfazwe yeziyobisi" kunye nokutshabalalisa uluntu olunemibala, inkqubo yezobulungisa yaseMelika isebenza njengenkqubo yanamhlanje yokulawula ubuhlanga (entsha Jim Crow, ukuba uya kuthanda) -njengoko ibambelele kwinkolelo yobumfama. Yapapashwa okokuqala ngo-2010, UJim Crow omtsha sele ikhankanyiwe kwizigqibo zomthetho kwaye yamkelwa kwikhampasi ngokubanzi nakuluntu ngokubanzi. (Jonga kwakhona: Izixhobo zokukunceda utyhile i-Bias engacacanga- ngakumbi, oko kuthetha ukuba)

Ixesha Lokuqala Elilandelayo NguJames Baldwin

Ibhalwe ngumbhali ohlonitshwayo, imbongi, kunye nomzabalazo, uJames Baldwin, Umlilo Ngexesha Elilandelayo luvavanyo olubuhlungu lobudlelwane bobuhlanga eMelika phakathi kwenkulungwane yama-20. Ukuthengiswa kwesizwe xa yayiqala ukukhutshwa ngo-1963, le ncwadi inezinto ezibhalwe "iileta" (izincoko) ezithi zabelane ngezimvo zikaBaldwin malunga neemeko ezihlwempuzekileyo zabantu abamnyama baseMelika. Ileta yokuqala sisilumkiso esinyanisekileyo kodwa esinovelwano kumtshana wakhe omncinci ngengozi yokuba nguMnyama eMelika kunye "nengqiqo ejijekileyo yobuhlanga." Ileta yesibini kunye neyona ibalulekileyo ibhalelwe bonke abantu baseMelika. Inika isilumkiso esibi ngeziphumo ezibi zobuhlanga eMelika - kwaye uninzi lwayo, ngelishwa, luyinyani namhlanje. Ukubhalwa kukaBaldwin akoyiki kuzo naziphi na iinyani ezimbi malunga nengxaki emnyama. Inika umfundi ngamnye uxanduva ngokuzihlola kunye nokucela ukuthunyelwa kwenkqubela phambili. (Eyeleleneyo: Izixhobo zokukunceda ukuba utyhile ucalucalulo olucacileyo-kunye, oko kuthetha ntoni kanye kanye)

Qhubeka kwaye wongeze ezi kwinqwelo yakho ngokunjalo:

• Isitampu: ubuhlanga, ubuhlanga kunye nawe ngu-Ibram X. Kendi noJason Reynolds
• I-Hood Feminism: Amanqaku avela kubafazi ukuba uMtsalane ulibale NguMikki Kendall
• Amanani Afihliweyo NguMargot Lee Shetterly
• Umzila kaloliwe ongaphezu komhlaba: Incwadi eluhlaza kunye neengcambu zohambo olumnyama eMelikanguCandacy Taylor
• Kutheni ndingasathethi naBantu abaMhlophe ngobuhlanga nguRenni Edo-Lodge
• Ukuphakama kwam noMhlophe nguLayla Saad
• Kutheni bonke abantwana abaNtsundu behleli kunye kwindawo yokutya?NguBeverly Daniel Tatum, Ph.D.
• mhlopheUbuthathaka NguRobin DiAngelo
• Phakathi kwehlabathi kunye nam nguTa-Nehisi Coates
• Umlilo Wavala Emathanjeni Am nguCharles Blow

Yintoni omele uyibukele

Ukuba

Ukuba, uxwebhu lweNetflix olusekwe kwinxalenye yesimemo esithengisa kakhulu sikaMichelle Obama, sabelana ngokujongwa ngokusondeleyo kubomi boMongameli wokuqala ngaphambili kwaye emva kweminyaka esibhozo e-White House. Kuthatha ababukeli ngasemva kwesigcino sencwadi yakhe yokhenketho kwaye inike umbono kubuhlobo bakhe no-hubby, owayesakuba nguMongameli u-Barack Obama, kwaye athabathe ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye neentombi, iMalia kunye noSasha. Ilizwe lethu lokuqala eliMnyama iFLOTUS, uMichelle waphefumlela abafazi bayo yonke imvelaphi ngobuqaqawuli bakhe obuhle, isibindi sokuqina, kunye nesifo esosulelayo (singasathethi ke ngenkangeleko yakhe ebonakalayo kunye neengalo zokubulala). I Ukuba U-doc ulibonisa kakuhle ibali lakhe lokusebenza nzima, ukuzimisela kunye noloyiso-into ekufuneka ibakhuthaze bonke.

Abaphambukeli ababini abakude

Ifilimu emfutshane ephumelele imbasa yeAkhademi kufuneka ubukele, ewe, wonke umntu. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba yeyoqobo yeNetflix (ifikeleleka ngokulula kwinkonzo yokusasaza) kunye nemizuzu nje engama-30 ubude, akukho sizathu sokungabongezi. Abaphambukeli ababini abakude emgceni wakho. I-Flick ilandela umlinganiswa ophambili njengoko enyamezele ukudibana okucaphukisayo kunye nepolisa elimhlophe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-loop yexesha. Ngaphandle kwesihloko sayo esinzima, Abaphambukeli ababini abakude uhlala unentliziyo ekhaphukhaphu kwaye ekhuthaza lonke ngelixa uvumela abaphulaphuli ukuba bajonge ngaphakathi ukuba ilizwe lijongeka njani kubantu abaninzi abaNtsundu baseMelika yonke le mihla - ebaluleke ngakumbi ekubulaweni kukaBreonna Taylor, uGeorge Flloyd, kunye noRayshard Brooks ngo-2020. Abasemzini ababini abakude izifumana ilungile xa kudibana iinyaniso ezinzima zangoku kunye nesisombululo esinethemba ngekamva. (Idibeneyo: UkuBuyiselwa kwePolisa kukhusela njani abaNtsundu abaNtsundu)

Iiwotshi ezongezelelweyo ezifanele ukuzintyintya:

• Ukufa kunye noBomi bukaMarsha P. Johnson
• Buza
• Bantu abamhlophe abathandekayo
• 13th
• Xa Basibona
• Inzondo U Nika
• Nceba nje
• Ukungaqiniseki
• Umnyama-ish

Ngubani omele ukulandela

UAlicia Garza

UAlicia Garza ngumququzeleli osekwe e-Oakland, umbhali, isithethi esidlangalaleni, kunye noMlawuli weeProjekthi eziZodwa zoManyano lwaBasebenzi baseKhaya kuZwelonke. Kodwa inkqubo kaGarza esele inomtsalane ayipheleli apho: Waziwa kakhulu ngokuseka intshukumo yamazwe ngamazwe ka-Black Lives Matter (BLM). Ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukususela ekunyukeni kweBLM, uye waba lilizwi elinamandla kumajelo eendaba. Landela uGarza ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngomsebenzi wakhe wokuphelisa ubundlobongela bamapolisa kunye nobundlobongela obujoliswe kubantu abangamadoda abangahambelaniyo ngokwesini. Uyayiva lonto? Ziikhwelo ezininzi zikaGarza zokuthatha amanyathelo ukunceda ukuphelisa ilifa lesizwe lethu lobuhlanga kunye nocalucalulo. Mamela emva koko ujoyine. (Eyeleleneyo: Amaxesha Anamandla oXolo, Umanyano, kunye neThemba elivela kuBomi abaMnyama boKuqhankqalaza)

Opal Tometi

U-Opal Tometi litshantliziyo lamalungelo oluntu laseMelika, umququzeleli, kunye nombhali owaziwa kakhulu ngendima yakhe ekusekeni intshukumo yeBlack Lives Matter (kunye noGarza) kunye nomlawuli olawulayo weBlack Alliance for Just Immigration (i-US yokuqala. umbutho wesizwe wamalungelo abangeneleli kubantu bomnombo waseAfrika). Inomtsalane, akunjalo? Umzabalazo ophumelele amabhaso usebenzisa ilizwi lakhe kunye nokufikelela ngokubanzi ekukhuthazeni amalungelo oluntu kwihlabathi liphela kunye nokufundisa abantu ngezinto ezinjalo. Landela u-Tometi kumxube olinganisiweyo wokuvuselela amandla okubizela esenzweni kunye nomlingo wamantombazana aMnyama-zombini eziya kukukhupha esitulweni sakho kwaye ulangazelele ukumjoyina ekwenzeni ngcono umhlaba.

Qhubeka naba baphathi baMnyama, nabo:

• UBrittany Packnett Cunningham
• UMarc Lamont Hill
• Tarana Burke
• UVan Jones
• I-Ava DuVernay
• URachel Elizabeth Cargle (aka mastermind emva kweLoveland Foundation-eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwezempilo yabasetyhini abamnyama)
• UBlair Amadeus Imani
• UAlison Désir (Jonga kwakhona: UAlison Désir ngokuLindelekileyo kokuKhulelwa kunye noMama oMtsha ngokuchasene neNyani)
• Cleo Wade
• Austin Channing Brown

Uphengululo lwe