Ngaba i-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) ingunobangela womhlaza webele?

Umxholo

• Ngaba i-HPV ingabangela umdlavuza webele?
• Yintoni unobangela womhlaza wamabele?
• Imingcipheko yomhlaza webele kunye ne-HPV
• Ngaba ungawuthintela umhlaza wamabele kunye ne-HPV?
• Uthintelo lomhlaza webele
• Uthintelo lwe-HPV
• Sebenzisa iikhondom zelatex
• Gonya
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Amathuba okuba ukhe wanikezela nge-papillomavirus yomntu okanye wazi umntu onayo. Ubuncinci iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-papillomavirus yabantu (HPV) ezikhoyo.

Phantse abantu baseUnited States kuphela bayifumene le ntsholongwane. Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) aqikelela ukufumanisa isifo unyaka nonyaka.

I-HPV sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo esihamba ngokwabelana ngesondo e-United States. Iindidi ezithile ze-HPV zinokubangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Kodwa ngaba i-HPV inokubangela ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, njengomhlaza wamabele?

Umhlaza webele uvela xa umhlaza usenzeka kwiiseli zamabele. Ngokwezibalo zika-2015 ezivela kwi-CDC, umhlaza wamabele wawunelona zinga liphezulu lamatyala amatsha phakathi kwabasetyhini e-United States xa kuthelekiswa neminye imihlaza yomhlaza ngaloo nyaka. Ikwanayo nenqanaba lesibini lokufa okuphezulu kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza kwabasetyhini base-US.

Ngelixa lixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini, olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokwenzeka nakumadoda.

Umhlaza wamabele uhlala uqala kwiincindi ezivelisa ubisi, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lobules, okanye imibhobho ekhupha ubisi kwingono.

I-cancer engabonakaliyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-carcinoma in situ, ihlala ngaphakathi kwe-lobules okanye i-ducts. Azihlaseli izicubu eziqhelekileyo zijikeleze okanye ngaphaya kwebele. Umhlaza ohlaselayo ukhula uye ngaphakathi nangaphaya kwezicubu ezisempilweni. Uninzi lomhlaza webele luyahlasela.

I-Breastcancer.org ithi umntu wasetyhini omnye kwabasi-8 e-United States uzakuphuhlisa umhlaza webele ongenayo ebomini babo. Lo mbutho ukwabika ukuba kwi-2018, malunga ne-266,120 yokuxilongwa kwesifo esingahlaseliyo kunye ne-63,960 yokufumanisa isifo somhlaza webele esingafunekiyo kuqikelelwa ukuba kwenzeka kwabase-US.

Ngaba i-HPV ingabangela umdlavuza webele?

Nangona abaphandi bexhume i-HPV kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ukucebisa ukuba unxibelelwano lukhona phakathi komhlaza wamabele kunye ne-HPV iphikisanayo.

Kwesinye, abaphandi basebenzise iisampulu zomhlaza webele ezingama-28 kunye neesampulu zomhlaza webele zesibeleko ezingama-28 ezingabonisi umdla ukuze babone ukuba ngaba i-HPV esemngciphekweni ikwiseli. Iziphumo zabonisa ubungozi obuphezulu bokulandelelana kwe-HPV kwimigca emibini yeeseli.

Kuzo, zombini iisampulu zesifo somhlaza kunye nesifo esibuhlungu zahlaziywa. Abaphandi bakwazile ukufumana ukulandelana komngcipheko ophezulu we-HPV ye-DNA kunye neeproteni kwezinye iisampulu zomhlaza wamabele ezinobungozi.

Nangona kunjalo, bafumene ubungqina bokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu we-HPV kwezinye zeesampulu ezinobungozi.Bacinga ukuba kunokubakho ukuba umhlaza wamabele ungagqibela ukuvela kwaba bantu, kodwa qaphela ukuba ukuqhubeka kophando kunye nokulandelwa kuyafuneka ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuphikisa oku.

Ithathiwe kunye nophando luka-2009, oku kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokuqhubeka nokuphanda unxibelelwano olunokwenzeka phakathi komhlaza wamabele kunye ne-HPV. Olunye uphando luyafuneka.

Yintoni unobangela womhlaza wamabele?

Akukho mntu waziyo ukuba kutheni umhlaza wamabele usenzeka. Imeko-bume, iihormoni, okanye indlela yokuphila yomntu zonke zinokudlala indima kuphuhliso lomhlaza wamabele. Isenokuba nezizathu zofuzo.

Umngcipheko ophezulu we-HPV unokubangela umhlaza ukuba amajoni akho omzimba akaziphelisi iiseli ezosulelayo. Ezi seli zinokosuleleka emva koko zinokuvelisa utshintsho olunokubangela umhlaza. Ngenxa yale nto, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-HPV inokubangela umhlaza webele, kodwa akukho phando lwaneleyo lukhona ukuxhasa le ithiyori.

Imingcipheko yomhlaza webele kunye ne-HPV

I-HPV okwangoku ayithathwa njengomngcipheko kumhlaza wamabele. Abasetyhini kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba babe nomhlaza wamabele kunamadoda. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya:

• ukwanda kweminyaka
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• Ukuvezwa kwemitha
• ukuba nomntwana ebudaleni
• engazalanga mntwana
• ukuqala ixesha lakho usemncinci
• ukuqala ukuya exesheni kamva ebomini
• ukusela utywala
• Imbali yosapho yomhlaza wamabele

Umhlaza webele awusoloko uzuzwa njengelifa, kodwa izinto zofuzo zinokudlala indima kwabanye abantu. Iipesenti ezingama-85 zamatyala zenzeka kwabasetyhini abangenayo imbali yosapho yomhlaza wamabele.

Eyona nto iphambili kwi-HPV kukuziphatha ngokwesondo.

Ngaba ungawuthintela umhlaza wamabele kunye ne-HPV?

Uthintelo lomhlaza webele

Awunako ukuthintela umhlaza wamabele. Endaweni yoko, kuya kufuneka wenze iimviwo zakho kwaye ufumane iimviwo zokuhlola.

Iingcebiso malunga nokuba kufuneka uqale nini ukufumana i-mammogram okanye ukuba ufumana kangaphi ngokwahluka.

I-American College of Physicians (ACP) icebisa ukuba abasetyhini baqale ukufumana iimammograms xa beneminyaka engama-50 ubudala.

IAmerican Cancer Society icebisa ukuba abasetyhini baqale ukufumana iimammograms xa beneminyaka engama-45.

Yomibini le mibutho ithi ukuqala ukuhlolwa kwiminyaka engama-40 ubudala kunokuba kufanelekile kwabasetyhini abathile. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba uqala nini ukuhlola kwaye kufuneka ufumane kangaphi ii-mammograms.

Ukubamba umhlaza webele kwangethuba kunokunceda ukuwunqanda ekusasazeni kunye nokwandisa amathuba okuba uphinde uchache.

Uthintelo lwe-HPV

Unokunceda ukukhusela i-HPV ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:

Sebenzisa iikhondom zelatex

Kufuneka usebenzise iikhondom zelatex ngalo lonke ixesha usabelana ngesondo. Nangona kunjalo, yazi ukuba i-HPV yahlukile kwi-STI eqhelekileyo kuba ungayifumana ngeendawo ezingafakwanga ikhondom. Sebenzisa isilumkiso kangangoko xa usenza isenzo sesondo.

Gonya

Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela umhlaza ngenxa ye-HPV. Ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) luye lwavuma izitofu ezintathu zokuthintela i-HPV

• Isitofu sokugonya se-papillomavirus esingafaniyo (Cervarix)
• isitofu sokugonya papillomavirus esine-quadrivalent (Gardasil)
• Isitofu sokugonya se-human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine (Gardasil 9)

Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-9 ukuya kweli-14 ubudala bafumana iifotsholo ezimbini kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu. Nabani na ofumana iyeza lokugonya kamva (phakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-26) ufumana izithonga ezintathu. Kufuneka ufumane konke ukudubula kuthotho ukuze isitofu sisebenze.

Ezi zitofu zivunyiwe kubantu ababhinqileyo nakwabesilisa abaneminyaka eli-11 ukuya kwengama-26. IGardasil 9 ngoku ikwavunyiwe kubo bobabini abesilisa nabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-27 ukuya kwengama-45 ababengagonywanga ngaphambili.

Kuya kufuneka uphinde ulandele ezi ngcebiso:

• Wazi amaqabane akho owabelana nawo ngesondo.
• Buza amaqabane akho imibuzo malunga nokwabelana ngesondo kunye nokuba bavavanywa kangaphi.
• Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba ahlolwe umhlaza ukuba ungumfazi.

Imbonakalo

Ubungqina bangoku abuxhasi ikhonkco phakathi kwe-HPV kunye nomhlaza webele. Nangona kunjalo, unokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokugonya kwe-HPV.
• Soloko usenza isondo elikhuselekileyo.
• Thetha namaqabane akho owabelana nawo ngesondo malunga nembali yabo yezesondo.
• Landela iingcebiso zikagqirha wakho malunga nokuvavanywa komhlaza wamabele.
• Ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba unokuba nomngcipheko okhulayo wesifo somhlaza, xubusha umngcipheko wakho kunye nogqirha wakho.

Ukuthintela umhlaza akusoloko kunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, unokwandisa amathuba akho okubamba nokunyanga umhlaza kwangoko ukuba uyasebenza.