Ukunyanga kunye nokuLawula umhlaza webele ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Umhlaza webele kunye nokukhulelwa: Unyango olujonga impilo yosana
• Zithini iindlela zokhetho kunyango lomhlaza webele ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
• Ugqirha
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Imitha
• IHormone kunye nonyango ekujoliswe kulo
• I-Mastectomy ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Ukuncancisa kunye nonyango lomhlaza
• Umbono womhlaza webele ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ushwankathelo

Ukufumanisa isifo somhlaza webele ngelixa ukhulelwe akuyona into eqhelekileyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kwenzeka malunga ne-1 ukuya kwi-1 kwi-10 000 yokukhulelwa.

Umhlaza webele onxulumene nokukhulelwa ubandakanya umhlaza webele ofunyaniswe nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye kwi.

Kungenzeka ukuba umhlaza webele ekukhulelweni uye wanda ngenxa yokuba abafazi abaninzi banabantwana kamva ebomini. Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wamabele kunye nobudala bomfazi.

Ukukhulelwa akubangeli umhlaza wamabele, kodwa ukuba sele unazo iiseli zomhlaza wamabele, utshintsho lwehomoni lokukhulelwa lunokubangela ukuba bakhule.

Qhubeka nokufunda ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngomhlaza webele ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukhetho kunyango, kunye nento onokuyilindela yona kunye nosana lwakho.

Umhlaza webele kunye nokukhulelwa: Unyango olujonga impilo yosana

Ukuchonga nokunyanga umhlaza wamabele kunzima xa ukhulelwe. Injongo kukunyanga umhlaza, ukuba kunokwenzeka, okanye ukuwugcina ekusasazeni ngelixa ukhusela impilo yosana lwakho. Iqela lakho lokukhathalela umhlaza kunye nengcali yakho yokubeleka kuya kufuneka ukuba ilungelelanise ukubonelela ngononophelo olungcono kuwe nakumntwana wakho.

Kukho umhlaza wamabele osasazeka kwimveku engekazalwa, nangona kukho iimeko apho kuye kwafunyanwa kwi-placenta. Kwaba balandelayo abantwana abaye bavezwa yichemotherapy kwi-utero ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-18, akukho namnye owafunyaniswa enesifo somhlaza okanye okunye okungahambi kakuhle.

Olunye unyango lunokufuneka ukuba lubambezeleke de luzelwe usana. Injongo kukuthwala umntwana ngokusondele kwixesha elipheleleyo.

Amathuba okusinda kukuphucula ngokuphelisa ukukhulelwa. Xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini abangakhulelwanga kwaye baneentlobo ezifanayo zomhlaza wamabele, omabini amaqela anembono efanayo ngokubanzi.

Zithini iindlela zokhetho kunyango lomhlaza webele ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Xa usiza nesicwangciso sonyango, okuninzi kuya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bomhlaza. Oogqirha bakho baya kuqaphela:

• inani kunye nobukhulu bamathumba
• I-tumor grade, ebonisa ukuba umhlaza unokulindeleka ukuba ukhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye usasazeke
• uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza webele
• kukude kangakanani ekukhulelweni kwakho
• impilo yakho jikelele
• ukhetho lomntu

Ugqirha

Unyango lokuqala lomhlaza wamabele lutyando, nokuba ukhulelwe. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba utyando olugcina amabele (lumpectomy) okanye imastectomy ngokususwa kwe-lymph node.

Utyando lwamabele kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza webele lithathwa njengelikhuselekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nangona i-anesthesia ngokubanzi inokubonisa umntwana.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy ngokubanzi ayinikwa ngexesha lekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, xa amalungu omntwana angaphakathi ekhula. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba kukhuselekile ukusebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi ze-chemo ngexesha lekota yesibini neyesithathu, kodwa akuqhelekanga ukunikwa kwiiveki ezintathu zokugqibela zokukhulelwa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-chemotherapy kunokuxhomekeka kuhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wamabele onawo kunye nendlela anoburhalarhume ngayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukulinda de emva kokuba uhambise lukhetho.

Imitha

Amanqanaba aphezulu emitha anikezelwe ngalo naliphi na ixesha ngexesha lokukhulelwa anokubeka ingozi emntwaneni. Ezi ngozi zibandakanya:

• ukuphuma kwesisu
• ukukhula kancinci komntwana
• iziphene zokuzalwa
• umhlaza wobuntwana

Ngesi sizathu, unyango ngemitha luhlala lubambezeleka de kube semva kokuzalwa komntwana.

IHormone kunye nonyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango lwehormone kunye nonyango ekujoliswe kulo aluthathwa njengekhuselekileyo ukuba lusetyenziswe ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kubandakanya:

• aromatase inhibitors
• I-bevacizumab (Avastin)
• ngonaphakade (Ummeli)
• lapatinib (iTykerb)
• ipalbociclib (Ibrance)
• tamoxifen
• trastuzumab (Herceptin)

I-Mastectomy ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Utyando lonyango oluphambili kumhlaza wamabele, nokuba ukhulelwe.

I-Lumpectomy inikwa ngokudibeneyo nonyango lwe-radiation, kodwa i-radiation kufuneka ilinde de kube emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Olu khetho ukuba usondele ekuhanjisweni kunye nemitha ayiyi kulibaziseka ixesha elide.

Ngaphandle koko, i-mastectomy ihlala iyeyona ndlela ilungileyo. Xa une-mastectomy, ugqirha wotyando uya kujonga ii-lymph node phantsi kwengalo yakho ukuze abone ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na. Ngamanye amaxesha kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweetrakthi zerediyo kunye nedayi. Ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni ukhulelwe kangakanani, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngokuchasene noku.

I-anesthesia ngokubanzi inokubangela umngcipheko kusana. Ingcali yakho yokubelekisa, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu kunye nogqirha oza kusebenza kunye ukuze bathathe isigqibo ngeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kunye nendlela yokwenza utyando.

Ukuncancisa kunye nonyango lomhlaza

Kuyenzeka ukuba uncancise emva kokuqunjelwa, kodwa izicwili ezibomvu kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wobisi kunokwenza kube nzima kwebele. Elinye ibele lakho alichaphazeleki.

Ukuba une-mastectomy esecaleni, uya kuba nakho ukuncancisa ibele elingafakwanga.

I-Chemotherapy, unyango lwehomoni, kunye neziyobisi ekujolise kuzo zingadluliselwa kusana lwakho kubisi lwebele.

Ukuba ungathanda ukuncancisa, thetha ne-oncologist yakho kunye nengcali yokubelekisa ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ikhuselekile. Unokufuna ukuthetha nomcebisi we-lactation.

Umbono womhlaza webele ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ukufunda ukuba unomdlavuza webele ngelixa ukhulelwe kunokuba noxinzelelo kuwe nakwintsapho yakho. Cinga ukubona ugqirha ekuncedeni ukusebenza ngendlela yakho ngeli xesha linzima. Nazi ezinye izixhobo zokuqalisa:

• Buza i-oncologist yakho okanye indawo yonyango malunga nokuhanjiswa kwabanyangi kunye namaqela enkxaso.
• Finyelela kumcebisi we-lactation oqinisekisiweyo webhodi ngemibuzo yakho yokuncelisa.
• Jonga uMdibaniselwano wokuSinda oMncinci, inkqubo yenkxaso yabasetyhini abasetyhini abanesifo somhlaza webele.
• Nxibelelana noMbutho woMhlaza waseMelika ngolwazi malunga neenkqubo zenkxaso kunye neenkonzo kwindawo yakho.