Iindidi ezili-9 zoMhlaza wamabele wonke umntu ekufuneka azi ngazo

Umxholo

• Yintoni umhlaza webele?
• Ufumanisa njani ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza wamabele onalo?
• Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zoMhlaza weSifuba
• Uphengululo lwe

Amathuba uyamazi umntu onomhlaza wamabele: Phantse 1 kwabase-8 abasetyhini baseMelika baya kuba nomhlaza webele ebomini bakhe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba elihle lokuba awukwazi malunga nazo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wamabele umntu anokuba nazo. Ewe, zininzi izinto ezahlukileyo kwesi sifo kwaye ukuzazi kunokusindisa ubomi bakho (okanye bomnye umntu).

Yintoni umhlaza webele?

"Umhlaza webele ligama elikhulu lebhakethi eliquka yonke imihlaza esesifubeni, kodwa zininzi iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele kunye neendlela ezininzi zokuzihlela," utshilo uJanie Grumley, MD, ugqirha webele oncologist kunye nomlawuli kaMargie Petersen Iziko leBreast kwiZiko le-Providence Saint John's Santa Monica, CA.

Ufumanisa njani ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza wamabele onalo?

Izichazi ezibalulekileyo kukuba ingaba umhlaza wamabele ungenayo okanye hayi (i-in-situ ithetha ukuba umhlaza uqulethwe ngaphakathi kwemigudu yesifuba kwaye awunako ukusasazeka; i-invasive inamandla okuhamba ngaphandle kwebele; iisayithi emzimbeni); imvelaphi yomhlaza kunye nohlobo lweeseli ezichaphazelayo (i-ductal, lobular, carcinoma, okanye i-metaplastic); kwaye loluphi uhlobo lwee-receptors ze-hormonal ezikhoyo (i-estrogen; iprogesterone; ukukhula kwe-epidermal factor receptor 2 okanye i-HER-2; okanye i-triple-negative, engenayo nenye yezi zinto zikhankanywe ngasentla). Izamkeli zizo ezibonisa ukuba iiseli zebele (zinomhlaza okanye zisempilweni) ukuba zikhule. Zonke ezi zinto zinempembelelo kuhlobo lonyango oluya kusebenza kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, uhlobo lomhlaza webele luya kubandakanya lonke olu lwazi egameni. (Eyeleleneyo: Kufuneka-Uzazi Iinyani malunga noMhlaza wamabele)

Siyazi—kuninzi ekufuneka sikukhumbule. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba zininzi izinto eziguquguqukayo, zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wamabele-nje ukuba uqale ukungena kwii-subtypes, uluhlu lukhula lube ngaphezulu kweshumi elinambini. Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza webele, nangona kunjalo, zixhaphakile kunezinye, okanye zibaluleke kakhulu ekumiseleni umngcipheko womhlaza wakho; Nalu udibaniso lwesithoba ekufuneka ulazi ngokuqinisekileyo.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zoMhlaza weSifuba

1. I-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

Xa uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngomhlaza wamabele, kusenokwenzeka imeko ye-ductal carcinoma. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wamabele, olubandakanya phantse iipesenti ezingama-70 ukuya kuma-80 zazo zonke izifo, kwaye zihlala zifunyanwa ngokuhlolwa kwemammogram. Olu hlobo lomhlaza webele luchazwa ziiseli zomhlaza ezingaqhelekanga eziqala kwimijelo yobisi kodwa zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba webele, ngamanye amaxesha amanye amalungu omzimba. "Njengoninzi lomhlaza webele, kuhlala kungekho zimpawu kude kube semva kwexesha," utshilo uSharon Lum, MD, umlawuli weLoma Linda University Breast Health Centre eCarlifonia. “Nangona kunjalo, umntu onolu hlobo lomhlaza webele unokufumana ukujiya kwebele, ukudumba kwesikhumba, ukudumba ebeleni, irhashalala okanye ububomvu, okanye ukuphuma kwengono.

2. Umhlaza webele weMastastatic

Ikwahlala ibizwa ngokuba 'yinqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wamabele', olu hlobo lomhlaza wamabele kuxa iiseli zomhlaza ziye zasasazeka (okt, ukusasazeka) kwamanye amalungu omzimba-ngokuqhelekileyo isibindi, ingqondo, amathambo okanye imiphunga. Basuka bahlukane nethumba lokuqala baze bahambe ngegazi okanye kwi-lymphatic system. Kumanqanaba okuqala esi sifo, akukho zimpawu zicacileyo zomhlaza wamabele, kodwa kumanqanaba okugqibela, unokubona ukuncipha kwesifuba (njengesikhumba seorenji), utshintsho kwiingono, okanye iintlungu naphina emzimbeni , utsho uGqirha Lum. Inqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza ngokucacileyo livakala lisoyikeka, kodwa zininzi iindlela zonyango ekujoliswe kuzo ezinika abasetyhini abanomhlaza webele we-metastatic ithuba lokusinda ixesha elide, wongeza.

3. I-Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

I-Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) luhlobo lomhlaza wamabele ongaphazamisiyo apho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zifunyenwe kumjelo wobisi lwebele. Ayisoloko iphawulwa ngeempawu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha abantu banokuziva beneqhuma okanye baphume ingono enegazi. Olu hlobo lomhlaza sisigaba sokuqala somhlaza kwaye siyanyangeka kakhulu, kodwa oko kwandisa umngcipheko wakho wonyango olugqithisileyo (funda: iradiotherapy enokuthi ingabi yimfuneko, unyango lwehomoni, okanye utyando lweeseli ezinokuthi zingasasazeki okanye zibangele ukuxhalaba ngakumbi. ). Nangona, uGqr. Lum uthi amaphononongo amatsha ebejonge kucupho olusebenzayo lwe-DCIS (okanye uqwalaselo kuphela) ukunqanda oku.

4. I-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

Uhlobo lwesibini oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza webele yi-invasive lobular carcinoma (ICL), kwaye yenza malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zazo zonke izifo zesifo somhlaza webele, ngokutsho kweAmerican Cancer Society. Igama elithi carcinoma lithetha ukuba umhlaza uqala kwithishu ethile uze ekugqibeleni ugubungele ilungu langaphakathi—kule meko izicubu zebele. I-ICL ngokuthe ngqo ibhekisa kumhlaza osasazeke ngobuchule obuvelisa ubisi ebeleni kwaye sele iqale ukuhlasela izicwili.Ixesha elingaphezulu, i-ICL inokusasazeka kwii-lymph node kunye namanye amalungu omzimba. "Olu hlobo lomhlaza wamabele kunokuba nzima ukulufumana," utshilo uGqirha Lum. "Nokuba ukucinga kwakho kuyinto eqhelekileyo, ukuba unesigaqa esifubeni sakho, yikhangele." (Inxulumene: Lo Mdala uneminyaka engama-24 ufumene iqhuma lomhlaza wamabele ngelixa elungiselela uBusuku)

5. Umhlaza Webele Wokudumba

Ngobundlongondlongo kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza, olu hlobo lomhlaza webele luthathwa njengenqanaba lesi-3 kwaye lubandakanya iiseli ezingena kulusu kunye nemithambo ye-lymph yebele. Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho thumba okanye iqhuma, kodwa xa iinqanawa ze-lymph zivaliwe, iimpawu ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa, i-rash, i-insect-like bumps, kunye nobomvu, amabele adumbileyo angavela. Ngenxa yokuba ilinganisa imeko yolusu, olu hlobo lomhlaza webele lunokubhideka lula njengosulelo, utsho uGqr. Lum, ke qiniseka ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimeko zolusu ezingaqhelekanga zijongwe yiderm yakho kwaye ke nogqirha wakho ukuba ayiphucukanga nayo nayiphi na imeko. iindlela eziphakanyisiweyo zederm. (Idibeneyo: Ikhonkco phakathi kokulala kunye nomhlaza webele)

6. Umhlaza wamabele kaThathu-Negative

Olu luhlobo olunzulu, olunoburharha, kwaye kunzima ukunyanga umhlaza wamabele. Njengoko igama lisenokucebisa, iiseli zomhlaza zomntu onesifo somhlaza wamabele ovavanywe kathathu esingalunganga kuzo zontathu ii-receptors, oko kuthetha ukuba unyango oluqhelekileyo njengonyango lwehomoni kunye nonyango olugunyazisa i-estrogen, iprogesterone, kunye ne-HER-2 ayisebenzi. Umhlaza wamabele ka-Triple-negative udla ngokunyangwa endaweni yotyando, unyango lwemitha, kunye nechemotherapy (engasoloko isebenza kwaye iza neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi), itsho iAmerican Cancer Society. Olu hlobo lomhlaza kunokwenzeka ukuba luchaphazele abantu abancinci, abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika, i-Hispanics, kunye nabo banotshintsho lwe-BRCA1, ngokophando lwegeneric.

7. I-Lobular Carcinoma kwi-Situ (LCIS)

Ukungakuphikisi, kodwa i-LCIS ayithathwa njengohlobo lomhlaza wamabele, utshilo uGqirha Lum. Endaweni yoko, le yindawo yokukhula kweseli engaqhelekanga ngaphakathi kwe-lobules (iincindi ezivelisa ubisi kwimibhobho yamabele). Le meko ayibangeli zimpawu kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayibonakali kwi-mammogram, kodwa idla ngokufunyaniswa kubasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 kunye nama-50 ubudala ngenxa ye-biopsy eyenziwa kwibele ngesinye isizathu. Nangona ayisiwo umhlaza, ngokwawo, i-LCIS inyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wamabele emva kwexesha ebomini, ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wazi xa ucinga ngokukuko malunga nomngcipheko wakho womhlaza. (Eyeleleneyo: Inzululwazi yamva nje kuMngcipheko wakho woMhlaza wamabele, icaciswe ngooGqirha)

8. Umhlaza Webele Wendoda

Ewe, amadoda anokufumana umhlaza webele. Utata kaBeyoncé utyhile nje ukuba ujongene nesi sifo kwaye ufuna ukuphakamisa ukuqonda ngakumbi kwamadoda nabasetyhini ukuba bazi. Ngelixa ipesenti enye kuphela yawo wonke umhlaza webele uvela emadodeni kwaye banomthamo omncinci kakhulu wezicubu zebele, amanqanaba aphezulu e-estrogen (mhlawumbi okwenzeka ngokwemvelo okanye kumayeza ehomoni / iziyobisi), ukuguqulwa kofuzo, okanye iimeko ezithile ezifana ne-Klinefelter syndrome (a Imeko yemfuza apho indoda izalwa ine-X chromosome eyongezelelweyo) konke kukonyusa umngcipheko wendoda wokuba nomhlaza kwisisu sayo. Kwaye banokuphuhlisa iintlobo ezifanayo zomhlaza wamabele njengabafazi (okt, abanye abakolu luhlu). Nangona kunjalo, emadodeni, umhlaza kolu lusu luhlala luphawu lokuba zinokutshintsha kwemfuzo okuzenza zibe semngciphekweni wokukhulakonke iintlobo zomhlaza, utshilo uGqirha Grumley. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na indoda efunyenwe ukuba inomhlaza webele ifumana uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuqonda umngcipheko wayo wonke umhlaza, uyongeza.

9. Isifo sikaPaget sebele

Isifo sikaPaget sinqabile kwaye kuxa iiseli zomhlaza ziqokelelana ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane nengono. Ngokuqhelekileyo zichaphazela imibhobho yengono kuqala, emva koko zisasazeka kumphezulu kunye ne-areola. Yiyo loo nto olu hlobo lomhlaza wamabele lusoloko luphawulwa ngamaxolo, abomvu, arhawuzelelwa, arhawuzelelwa, acaphuke ingono yaye ngokufuthi kucingwa ukuba unerhashalala, utsho uGqr. Lum. Nangona isifo sikaPaget se-ingono senza i-akhawunti engaphantsi kweepesenti ezingama-5 kuwo onke amatyala omhlaza webele e-US, ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-97 zabantu abanale meko banolunye uhlobo lomhlaza wamabele (nokuba yiDCIS okanye ungenayo), ke kulungile ukuba Umbutho waseMerika woMhlaza unikela loo ngxelo.

Uphengululo lwe