I-Butter 101: Amanqaku ezondlo kunye neempembelelo zezeMpilo

Umxholo

• Iindlela zokuvelisa
• Iinyani ngesondlo
• Amafutha kwibhotolo
• Amafutha amatsheyini amafutshane
• Amafutha okuhambisa ubisi
• Iivithamini kunye neeminerals
• Iinkxalabo zempilo
• Ubisi lokungabikho komzimba
• Ukunganyamezelani kweLactose
• Impilo yentliziyo
• Yondliwa ngengca vs.
• Umgca wezantsi

Ibhotolo yimveliso yobisi ethandwayo eyenziwe ngobisi lwenkomo.

Yenziwe ngamanqatha obisi ahlukaniswe namanye amacandelo obisi, inencasa etyebileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengokusasazeka, kunye nokupheka kunye nokubhaka.

Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka adlulileyo, ibhotolo iye yatyholwa sisifo sentliziyo ngenxa yomxholo wamafutha aphezulu.

Nangona kunjalo, ibhotolo ngoku ithathwa njengempilweni- ubuncinci xa isetyenziswa ngokumodareyitha.

Eli nqaku likuxelela yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngebhotolo.

Iindlela zokuvelisa

Isinyathelo sokuqala kwimveliso yebhotolo kubandakanya ukwahlula ukhilimu kubisi.

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ubisi lwalushiyekile lumile lude ukhilimu unyuke ngaphezulu, ngelo xesha lwalucocwa. I-Cream iyenyuka kuba amanqatha akhaphukhaphu kunamanye amacandelo obisi.

Imveliso yekrimu yale mihla ibandakanya eyona ndlela isebenzayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-centrifugation.

I-Butter iveliswa kwakhona kwi-cream ngokusebenzisa i-churning, ebandakanya ukushukumisa ukhilimu de amanqatha obisi-okanye ibhotolo-idibane kunye kwaye yahlukane nenxalenye yolwelo-okanye ibhotolo.

Emva kokuba ibhotolo yebhotolo ikhutshiwe, ibhotolo iyahlanjwa ngakumbi de ibe ilungele ukupakishwa.

Ibhotolo iveliswa ngokwahlula-hlula ukhilimu kubisi, emva koko ucofe ukhilimu ukukhupha ulwelo olongezelelweyo.

Iinyani ngesondlo

Njengokuba ikakhulu iqulathe amafutha, ibhotolo kukutya okunekhalori eziphezulu. Enye icephe (14 grams) yeebhotile ipakisha malunga neekhalori ezili-100, ezifanayo nebhanana enye ephakathi.

Iinyani zokutya kwiipunipoyi ezi-1 (14 iigrem) zebhotolo enetyiwa zezi ():

• Iikhalori: 102<
• Amanzi: 16%
• Iprotheni: 0.12 iigrem
• IiCarbs: 0.01 iigram
• Iswekile: 0.01 iigram
• Ifayibha: 0 iigramu
• Amafutha: 11.52 iigrem
  • Kuhluthisiwe: 7.29 iigrem
  • Monounsaturated: 2.99 iigram
  • Polyunsaturated: 0.43 iigram
  • Utshintsho: 0.47 iigram

Ibhotolo iqulethe inani elikhulu leekhalori kunye namafutha, ukupakisha ngaphezulu kweekhalori ezili-100 kunye neegram ezili-11 zamafutha kwitepuni e-1 (14 grams).

Amafutha kwibhotolo

Ibhotolo imalunga nama-80% amafutha, kwaye amanye ngamanzi.

Ngokwesiseko isahlulo esinamafutha sobisi esiye sahlukaniswa neprotheni kunye neecarbs.

Ibhotolo yenye yezona zinto zinzima kuwo onke amanqatha okutya, aqukethe ngaphezulu kwama-400 e-fatty acids.

Iphakame kakhulu kwii-acid ezinamafutha (malunga ne-70%) kwaye ibambe isixa esifanelekileyo se-acid ye-monounsaturated fatty acids (malunga ne-25%).

Amafutha e-Polyunsaturated abakho kuphela ngexabiso elincinci, elibandakanya malunga ne-2.3% yomxholo wenqatha (,).

Ezinye iintlobo zezinto ezinamafutha ezifumaneka kwibhotolo zibandakanya i-cholesterol kunye ne-phospholipids.

Amafutha amatsheyini amafutshane

Ngokujikeleze iipesenti ezili-11 zamafutha agcweleyo kwibhotolo zii-fatty chain fatty acids (SCFAs), eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-butyric acid ().

I-butyric acid yinto eyahlukileyo kumanqatha obisi ezilwanyana ezikhanyayo, ezinjengeenkomo, iigusha kunye neebhokhwe.

I-Butyrate, eluhlobo lwe-butyric acid, ibonakalisiwe ukunciphisa ukudumba kwinkqubo yokwetyisa kwaye isetyenziswe njengonyango lwesifo sikaCrohn ().

Amafutha okuhambisa ubisi

Ngokungafaniyo nenqatha lamafutha kukutya okucutshungulwayo, amafutha atshintshwa kubisi athathwa njengasempilweni.

Ibhotolo yeyona ndawo ityebileyo kukutya okunamafutha, ezona ziqhelekileyo ziyi-vaccenic acid kunye ne-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (4).

I-CLA inxulunyaniswa nezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zempilo ().

Ityhubhu yovavanyo kunye nezifundo zezilwanyana zibonisa ukuba i-CLA inokukhusela kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza (,,).

I-CLA ikwathengiswa njengesongezelelo sokunciphisa umzimba ().

Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke izifundo ezixhasa iziphumo zayo zokulahleka kobunzima, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba iidosi ezinkulu zezongezo zeCLA zingonakalisa impilo ye-metabolic (,,).

Ibhotolo ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngamanqatha, anje ngokugcwala, i-monounsaturated, kunye namafutha e-dairy.

Iivithamini kunye neeminerals

Ibhotolo ngumthombo otyebileyo weevithamini ezininzi-ngakumbi ezinyibilikayo ezinamafutha.

Ezi vithamini zilandelayo zifumaneka kwiibhotolo eziphezulu:

• I-Vitamin A. Yeyona vithamini ininzi kwibhotolo. Enye icephe (14 gram) ibonelela malunga neepesenti ezili-11 zeReferensi yokuSebenzisa imihla ngemihla (i-RDI) ().
• Uvithamini D. Ibhotolo ngumthombo olungileyo wevithamini D.
• Uvithamini E. I-antioxidant enamandla, i-vitamin E ihlala ifumaneka kukutya okunamafutha.
• Vitamin B12. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-cobalamin, ivithamin B12 ifumaneka kuphela kukutya kwezilwanyana okanye imvelaphi yebhaktiriya, njengamaqanda, inyama, iimveliso zobisi, kunye nokutya okunotyiweyo.
• Vitamin K2. Uhlobo lwevithamini K, le vithamini - ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-menaquinone-inokukhusela kwisifo sentliziyo kunye ne-osteoporosis (,,).

Nangona kunjalo, ibhotolo ayinagalelo lingako kwityhefu yakho yemihla ngemihla yezi vithamini kuba uhlala uzisebenzisa ngexabiso elincinci.

Ibhotolo ityebile ngeevithamini ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya u-A, D, E, B12, no-K2.

Iinkxalabo zempilo

Ukuba ityiwe ngesixa esiqhelekileyo, ibhotolo ineziphumo ezimbalwa ezaziwayo zezempilo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukutya ibhotolo ngesixa esikhulu kunokukhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima kunye neengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene nazo, ngakumbi kwimeko yokutya okunekhalori ephezulu.

Zimbalwa izinto ezisezantsi ezichazwe apha ngezantsi.

Ubisi lokungabikho komzimba

Nangona ibhotolo isezantsi kakhulu kwiprotein, isenayo iiprotein ze-allergenic eyaneleyo yokwenza iimpendulo.

Ngoko ke, abantu abanobisi obunobungozi kufuneka baqaphele ibhotela-okanye bayiphephe ngokupheleleyo.

Ukunganyamezelani kweLactose

I-Butter iqulethe kuphela inani le-lactose, ngenxa yoko ukusetyenziswa okuphakathi kufanelekile kukhuselekile kubantu abaninzi abane-lactose.

Ibhotolo ekhulayo (eyenziwe ngobisi olunamvubelo) kunye nebhotolo ecacisiweyo- ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-ghee- ibonelela nge-lactose encinci kwaye inokuba ilunge ngakumbi.

Impilo yentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokufa kuluntu lwanamhlanje.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwamafutha agcweleyo kunye nesifo sentliziyo ibe sisihloko esiphikisayo kumashumi aliqela eminyaka (, 17,,).

Ukutya kakhulu amanqatha anyukayo kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-LDL (embi) ye-cholesterol egazini lakho, nto leyo enobungozi besifo sentliziyo ().

Nangona kunjalo, abagxeki bathi amanqatha agcweleyo awalunyusi uhlobo lwe-LDL olunxulunyaniswa kakhulu nesifo sentliziyo - amasuntswana amancinci e-LDL (sdLDL) (,).

Ukongeza, uninzi lwezifundo zisilele ukufumana unxibelelwano phakathi kokutya okunamafutha kunye nesifo sentliziyo (,,).

Kuyafana nakwiimveliso zobisi ezinamafutha aphezulu njengebhotolo. Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba iimveliso zobisi ezinamafutha aphezulu aziwonyusi umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo ().

Ngokukodwa, ezinye izifundo zokujonga zinxibelelana nokutya iimveliso zobisi ezinamafutha aphezulu kwizibonelelo zempilo yentliziyo (,,).

Ngaphandle kwezi mpikiswano, uninzi lwezikhokelo ezisemthethweni zokutya zisacebisa ngokuchasene nokutya amafutha aphezulu.

Ibhotolo iphilile-kwaye iphantsi kwi-lactose- kodwa inokuba negalelo ekuzuzeni ubunzima xa ityiwe kakhulu. Ngelixa kuye kwabekwa ityala lokuphakamisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba inokunceda impilo yentliziyo.

Yondliwa ngengca vs.

Ukutya kweenkomo zobisi kunokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kumgangatho wesondlo webhotolo.

Ibhotolo etyiswe ingca yenziwa ngobisi lweenkomo ezitya emadlelweni okanye ezityiswa ingca entsha.

E-United States, iimveliso zobisi ezityiswa ngengca ziquka icandelo elincinci lecandelo lobisi. Uninzi lweenkomo zobisi zondliwa ngokutya okutya okutya okuziinkozo (28).

Kwamanye amazwe amaninzi, anjengeIreland neNew Zealand, iimveliso zobisi ezityiswa ingca zixhaphake kakhulu - ubuncinci kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni.

Ibhotolo etyiswe ingca iphezulu kwizakha mzimba ezininzi kunebhotolo evela ezinkomeni ezityiswe inkqubo, ukutya okutya okusanhlamvu okanye ingca egciniweyo ().

Inani eliphezulu lengca entsha ekutyeni kwenkomo yonyusa inani lamafutha asempilweni, afana ne-omega-3 fatty acids kunye ne-CLA (,,, 32, 33).

Ukongeza, umxholo weevithamini ezinyibilikayo ezinamafutha kunye nee-antioxidants- ezinje ngee carotenoids kunye ne tocopherols- iphezulu kakhulu kubisi olondliwa ngengca (34, 35).

Ngenxa yoko, ibhotolo evela kwiinkomo ezityiswe ngengca kunokuba lukhetho olusempilweni.

Ibhotolo evela kwiinkomo ezityiswe ngengca iphezulu kwizakha mzimba ezininzi kunebhotolo evela kwiinkomo ezityiswa ukutya okuziinkozo kwaye kunokuba lukhetho olusempilweni.

Umgca wezantsi

Ibhotolo yimveliso yobisi eveliswa kumanqatha obisi.

Ngelixa ikakhulu iqulathe amafutha, ikwacebile kwiivithamini ezininzi, ngakumbi i-A, E, D, kunye ne-K2.

Nangona kunjalo, ibhotolo ayinasondlo ngokukodwa xa ujonga inani elikhulu leekhalori.

Ngenxa yomxholo wamafutha aphezulu, kuye kwagxekwa umngcipheko wokufumana ubunzima kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezininzi zikhomba ngokuchaseneyo.

Ekupheleni kosuku, ibhotolo iphilile ngokumodareyitha-kodwa ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kufuneka kuthintelwe.