Ukuchongwa kweswekile: Ngaba ubunzima bomzimba bunzima?

Umxholo

• Iswekile kunye nobunzima
• Uhlobo lwe-1
• Uhlobo lwe-2
• Imiba yomngcipheko kuhlobo 2 lweswekile
• Imfuza
• Amafutha distukubamba
• Isilinganiselo esinqeni ukuya kwi-hip
• Ukuba iziphumo zakho zi-0.8 okanye ngaphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba unamafutha e-visceral ngaphezulu. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko kuhlobo lwesibini lweswekile.
• Cholesterol ephezulu
• Isifo seswekile
• Ukubeleka umntwana ongaphezulu kweepawundi ezili-9
• Ukuhlala nje kuphela
• Imikhwa yokutya engalunganga
• Ukutshaya
• Ukuphelisa ibala
• Iingcebiso zokunciphisa umngcipheko
• Umgca wezantsi

Isifo seswekile yimeko ebangelwa siswekile ephezulu yegazi. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, umzimba wakho awusakwazi ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi ngokufanelekileyo.

Kuyintsomi eqhelekileyo ukuba kuphela ngabantu abatyebe ngokugqithisileyo abaya kuba nesifo seswekile, zombini uhlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba ubunzima bunokuba yinto enye eyonyusa umngcipheko womntu wokuba nesifo seswekile, sisiqwenga esinye somfanekiso omkhulu.

Abantu bazo zonke iimilo kunye nobukhulu- kwaye ewe, ubunzima - banokuphuhlisa isifo seswekile. Zininzi izinto ngaphandle kobunzima zinokuba nefuthe elilinganayo kumngcipheko wokuphuhlisa imeko, kubandakanya:

• yemfuza
• Imbali yosapho
• indlela yokuphila
• imikhwa emibi yokutya

Iswekile kunye nobunzima

Makhe sihlolisise indima enokuthi idlale kumngcipheko wohlobo lwe-1 kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, kunye nezinto ezininzi ezinxulumene nobunzima ezinokuchaphazela umngcipheko wakho.

Uhlobo lwe-1

Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile sisifo esizimele. Kubantu abane-1 yeswekile, amajoni omzimba ahlasela iiseli ze-beta ezenza i-insulin kwi-pancreas. Ipancreas ayinakuphinda ivelise i-insulin.

I-insulin yihomoni ehambisa iswekile kwigazi lakho iye kwiiseli. Iiseli zakho zisebenzisa le sishukela njengamandla. Ngaphandle kwe-insulin eyaneleyo, iswekile iyakhula egazini lakho.

Ubunzima ayisiyongxaki yomngcipheko kuhlobo 1 lweswekile. Inye kuphela yengozi eyaziwayo yohlobo lweswekile 1 yimbali yosapho, okanye yemfuza.

Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile 1 kuluhlu "oluqhelekileyo" lwesalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI). I-BMI yindlela yoogqirha yokufumanisa ukuba unobunzima obunempilo bokuphakama kwakho.

Isebenzisa ifomula ukuqikelela amanqatha omzimba wakho ngokusekwe kubude bakho kunye nobunzima. Inani elikhokelela kwi-BMI libonisa apho ukhoyo kwisikali sokutyeba kakhulu ukutyeba. I-BMI esempilweni iphakathi kwe-18.5 kunye ne-24.9.

Uhlobo lwe-1 lweswekile luqhele ukufunyanwa ebantwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokunyuka kwamazinga okutyeba kakhulu ebuntwaneni, uphando lubonisa ukuba ubunzima ayisiyiyo ingozi ebonakalayo kolu hlobo lweswekile.

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba iimeko ezikhulayo zohlobo lweswekile yesi-2 zinxulumene nokwanda kokutyeba kakhulu ebuntwaneni, kodwa hayi uhlobo 1.UAbbasi A, et al. (2016).Ubunzima bomzimba kunye neziganeko zohlobo lwe-1 kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci e-UK: isifundo sokujonga iqela. INGXELO:
doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (16)32252-8

Uhlobo lwe-2

Ukuba unesifo seswekile sesi-2, i-pancreas iyekile ukuvelisa i-insulin eyaneleyo, iiseli zakho ziye zamelana ne-insulin, okanye zombini. Ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-90 zamatyala eswekile luhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.Iinyani ezikhawulezayo ngeswekile. (2019).

Ubunzima yenye yezinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kuphuhliso lohlobo lwesibini lweswekile. Kuqikelelwa iipesenti ezingama-87.5 zabantu abadala base-U.S. Abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 abatyebe kakhulu.Ingxelo yesizwe yesifo seswekile, 2017. (2017).

Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima ayisiyiyo kuphela into. Phantse iipesenti ze-12.5 zabantu abadala base-US abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 banee-BMIs ezikuluhlu olusempilweni okanye oluqhelekileyo.Ingxelo yesizwe yesifo seswekile, 2017. (2017).

Imiba yomngcipheko kuhlobo 2 lweswekile

Abantu abanokuthathwa njengababhityileyo okanye ababhityileyo banokuphuhlisa uhlobo lwesifo seswekile. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zinokufaka isandla:

Imfuza

Imbali yakho yosapho, okanye i-genetics, yenye yezona zinto zibangela umngcipheko kuhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile. Ukuba unomzali onesifo seswekile sesi-2, umngcipheko wobomi bakho ngama-40 eepesenti. Ukuba bobabini abazali banayo le meko, umngcipheko wakho ngama-70 epesenti.IPrasad RB, et al. (2015). Imfuza yohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile-imigibe kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka. INGXELO:
I-10.3390 / zofuzo6010087

Amafutha distukubamba

Uphando lubonisa abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 abanobunzima obuqhelekileyo banamafutha e-visceral ngaphezulu. Olu luhlobo lwamafutha ajikeleze amalungu esisu.

Ikhupha iihormoni ezichaphazela iswekile kwaye iphazamise imetabolism yamafutha. Amafutha e-visceral angenza ukuba iprofayili yomzimba yomntu onobunzima obuqhelekileyo ibonakale njengeprofayile yomntu otyebileyo, nokuba ibonakala ibhitye.

Unokumisela ukuba uphethe olu hlobo lobunzima esiswini sakho. Okokuqala, linganisa isinqe sakho ngeesentimitha, emva koko ulinganise isinqe sakho. Yahlula imilinganiselo yakho yesinqe ngemilinganiselo yakho yehips ukuze ufumane umlinganiso wakho okhalweni.

Isilinganiselo esinqeni ukuya kwi-hip

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zi-0.8 okanye ngaphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba unamafutha e-visceral ngaphezulu. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko kuhlobo lwesibini lweswekile.

Cholesterol ephezulu

I-cholesterol ephezulu inokuchaphazela nabani na. Imfuza yakho, hayi ubunzima bakho, ubukhulu becala imisela imiba yakho ye-cholesterol.

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba phantse ikota yabantu baseMelika abangatyebanga kakhulu baneengozi zomzimba. Oku kubandakanya amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.UWildman RP, et al. (2008). Ukutyeba kakhulu ngokudityaniswa komngcipheko we-cardiometabolic factor kunye nobunzima obuqhelekileyo kunye ne-cardiometabolic risk factor clustering: Ukudalwa kunye nokunxibelelana kwe-2 phenotypes phakathi kwabantu base-US (i-NHANES 1999-2004). INGXELO:
10.1001 / archinte

Isifo seswekile

Isifo seswekile Gestational luhlobo lwesifo seswekile esiphuhliswa ngabasetyhini ngelixa bekhulelwe. Babengenaso isifo seswekile ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, kodwa banokuba ne-prediabetes kwaye bengayazi.

Olu hlobo lwesifo seswekile luhlala lucingelwa njengohlobo lokuqala lwesifo seswekile. Kwenzeka kwiipesenti ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-10 zokukhulelwa.Isifo seswekile. (2017).

Uninzi lweziganeko zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa xa ugqirha sele ephelile. Nangona kunjalo, abasetyhini ababenemeko ngexesha lokukhulelwa banomngcipheko ophindwe kalishumi wokukhulisa uhlobo lweswekile yesi-2 kwiminyaka elishumi emva kokukhulelwa kwabo, xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini ababengenaso isifo seswekile.UHerath H, et al. (2017). Isifo seswekile sesifo seswekile kunye nomngcipheko wohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile kwiminyaka eli-10 emva kokukhulelwa kwesalathiso kubafazi baseSri Lankan-Isifundo seqela esisekwe kuluntu. INGXELO:
10.1371 / Ijenali.pone.0179647

Phantse isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu basetyhini abaphuhlisa isifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa kamva baya kuphuhlisa uhlobo lweswekile yesi-2.

Ukubeleka umntwana ongaphezulu kweepawundi ezili-9

Abasetyhini abanesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa kunokwenzeka ukuba babe neentsana ezinkulu kakhulu, ezinobunzima obuziikhilogram ezilithoba okanye nangaphezulu. Ayisiyiyo kuphela enokwenza ukuhambisa kube nzima ngakumbi, kodwa isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa sinokuphinda sikhule sibe luhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.

Ukuhlala nje kuphela

Ukuhamba kubalulekile kwimpilo entle. Ukungahambi kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yakho. Abantu abaneendlela zokuphila ezihleli phantsi kwabo, nokuba bungakanani ubunzima babo, phantse babe semngciphekweni wokufumana uhlobo lweswekile yesibini kunabantu abasebenzayo.IBiswas A, et al. (2015). Ixesha lokuhlala kunye nokunxulumana kwalo nomngcipheko wezifo, ukusweleka, kunye nokulaliswa esibhedlele kubantu abadala: Uphengululo lwenkqubo kunye nohlalutyo lweemeta. INGXELO:

Imikhwa yokutya engalunganga

Ukutya okungalunganga akuthethi kuphela kubantu abatyebe kakhulu. Abantu abanobunzima obuqhelekileyo banokutya ukutya okubabeka emngciphekweni wohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.

Ngokutsho kolunye uphando, ukutya okuneswekile eninzi kwandisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile, kwanasemva kokubalwa kobunzima bomzimba, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokutya ikhalori ngokupheleleyo.I-Basu S, et al. (2013). Ubudlelwane beswekile kwinqanaba lokuxhaphaka kwenqanaba leswekile: Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho lweedatha eziphindaphindayo zecandelo. INGXELO:
10.1371 / Ijenali.pone.0057873

Iswekile ifumaneka kukutya okuswiti, kodwa okunye ukutya okuninzi, njengokutya okutyunjiweyo kunye nesaladi yokunxiba. Nokuba isuphu enkonkxiweyo inokuba yimithombo yeswekile.

Ukutshaya

Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko wenani leemeko zempilo, kubandakanya neswekile. Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba abantu abatshaya imidiza engama-20 okanye nangaphezulu yonke imihla banomngcipheko ophindwe kabini wesifo seswekile kunabantu abangatshayiyo, nokuba batyebile na.UManson JE, et al. (2000). Isifundo esinokubakho sokutshaya umdiza kunye neziganeko zesifo seswekile phakathi koogqirha abangamadoda baseMelika. INGXELO:

Ukuphelisa ibala

Abantu abanesifo seswekile, ngakumbi abantu abatyebe ngokugqithiseleyo, bahlala bebekwa amabala kunye neentsomi eziyingozi.

Oku kunokudala izithintelo ekufumaneni ukhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo. Inokuthintela nabantu abanokuba nesifo seswekile kodwa bakwinqanaba "eliqhelekileyo" ekufumaneni isifo. Banokukholelwa, bexoka, ukuba kuphela ngabantu abatyebe kakhulu okanye abatyebe kakhulu abanokuphuhlisa le meko.

Ezinye iintsomi zinokuphazamisa inkathalo efanelekileyo. Umzekelo, intsomi eqhelekileyo ithi isifo seswekile sisiphumo sokutya iswekile eninzi. Nangona ukutya okuneswekile eninzi kunokuba yinxalenye yokutya okungenampilo okwandisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile, ayingoyena nobangela uphambili.

Ngokukwanjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu oba nesifo seswekile utyebe kakhulu okanye utyebe kakhulu. Ngokukodwa, abantu abane-1 yeswekile bahlala benobunzima obunempilo. Abanye banokuba baphantsi kobunzima ngenxa yokuba ukunciphisa umzimba ngokukhawuleza luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwaloo meko.

Enye intsomi exhaphakileyo kodwa eyingozi kukuba abantu abanesifo seswekile bazizisela le meko. Oku kububuxoki. Isifo seswekile sibaleka kwiintsapho. Imbali yosapho yemeko yenye yezona zinto zinomngcipheko omkhulu.

Ukuqonda isifo seswekile, kutheni kusenzeka, kwaye ngubani osemngciphekweni kakhulu kunokukunceda uqonde iintsomi eziqhubekayo kunye namarhe anokuthintela abantu abanale meko ukuba bafumane ukhathalelo olufanelekileyo.

Inokukunceda- okanye umntwana, iqabane, okanye omnye umntu omthandayo- ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo kwixa elizayo.

Iingcebiso zokunciphisa umngcipheko

Ukuba unomngcipheko omnye okanye nangaphezulu kuhlobo 2 lweswekile, ungathatha amanyathelo okunciphisa amathuba okuphuhlisa imeko. Nanga amanye amanyathelo okukuqalisa:

• Fumana ukuhamba. Ukuhamba rhoqo kunempilo, nokuba utyebile okanye hayi. Cebela ukufumana imizuzu eli-150 yokuzilolonga veki nganye.
• Yitya ukutya okunengqondo. Ukutya okungekho mpilweni akulunganga, nokuba ubhityile. Ukutya okungenampilo kunye nokutya okunexabiso elincinci lesondlo kunokwandisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile. Nenjongo yokutya ukutya okunotyebileyo kwiziqhamo, imifuno, kunye namandongomane. Ngokukodwa, zama ukutya imifuno eluhlaza eluhlaza. Uphando lubonisa ukuba le mifuno inganciphisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile ngepesenti ye-14.UCarter P, et al. (2010). Iziqhamo kunye nokutya kwemifuno kunye neziganeko zohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile: Ukuphononongwa kwenkqubo kunye nohlalutyo lweemeta.
• Sela ngokumodareyitha. Abantu abasela izixa ezilinganiselweyo zotywala-phakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-3.5 iziselo yonke imihla-banokuba nomngcipheko ophantsi we-30 wepesenti yesifo seswekile xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abasela kakhulu.IKoppes LL, et al. (2005). Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala kwehlisa umngcipheko wohlobo lweswekile yesi-2: Uhlalutyo lweemeta kwizifundo ezinokubakho.
• Jonga amanani akho e-metabolic rhoqo. Ukuba unembali yosapho ye-cholesterol ephezulu okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, licebo elihle ukujonga la manani kugqirha wakho rhoqo. Oku kunokukunceda ubambe okanye uthintele imiba efana neswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo.
• Yeka ukutshaya. Ukuba uyeka ukutshaya, phantse izisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile ukuba ubuyele esiqhelweni. Oku kuvumela umzimba wakho ukuba uphathe ngcono amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Umgca wezantsi

Isifo seswekile sinokubakho kubantu bazo zonke iintlobo nobungakanani. Ubunzima yinto ebangela umngcipheko kuhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, kodwa sisiqwenga esinye kuphela sephazili xa kufikwa kwizinto ezinobungozi.

Eminye imingcipheko yesifo seswekile ibandakanya:

• indlela yokuphila
• isifo seswekile
• cholesterol ephezulu
• amafutha amaninzi esiswini
• ukutshaya
• Imbali yosapho

Ukuba unenkxalabo unokuba nesifo seswekile, okanye ukuba unengxaki enye okanye engaphezulu, yenza idinga lokuthetha nogqirha wakho.