Ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza foramen ovale

I-Patent foramen ovale (PFO) ngumngxuma phakathi kwe-atria yasekhohlo nasekunene (amagumbi aphezulu) entliziyo. Lo mngxunya ukhona kuye wonke umntu ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi uvalwa kungekudala emva kokuzalwa. I-PFO yinto ebizwa ngokuba ngumngxunya xa isilela ukuvala ngokwendalo emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.

I-foramen ovale ivumela igazi ukuba lijikeleze imiphunga. Imiphunga yosana ayisetyenziswanga xa ikhula esibelekweni, ke loo mngxunya awubangeli ngxaki kusana olungekazalwa.

Indawo evulekileyo imele ukuvalwa kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ayivali. Malunga nabantu aba-1 kwaba-4, ukuvulwa akuvalwa. Ukuba ayivali, ibizwa ngokuba yi-PFO.

Unobangela wePFO awaziwa. Akukho bungozi baziwayo. Inokufumaneka kunye nezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezinje nge-atrial septal aneurysms okanye inethiwekhi yeChiari.

Iintsana ezine-PFO kwaye azikho ezinye iziphene zentliziyo ezingenazo iimpawu. Abanye abantu abadala abane-PFOs nabo banengxaki yokuqaqanjelwa yintloko.

I-echocardiogram inokwenziwa ukufumanisa i-PFO. Ukuba i-PFO ayibonakali ngokulula, ugqirha wezinto zentliziyo angenza "uvavanyo lwebubble." Isisombululo seSaline (amanzi anetyuwa) sijojowe emzimbeni njengoko ugqirha wezentliziyo ebukele intliziyo kwi-ultrasound (i-echocardiogram) yokujonga. Ukuba i-PFO ikhona, amaqamza amancinci omoya aya kubonakala ehamba ukusuka ngasekunene ukuya kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo.

Le meko ayinyangwa ngaphandle kokuba kukho ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo, iimpawu, okanye ukuba umntu ebenesifo esibuhlungu esibangelwe ligazi eliya kwingqondo.

Unyango kaninzi lufuna inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-cardiac catheterization, eyenziwa ngugqirha wezifo zentliziyo ukutywina ngokusisigxina i-PFO. Utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo alusasetyenziselwa ukunyanga le meko ngaphandle kokuba kwenziwe olunye utyando.

Usana olungenazo ezinye iziphene zentliziyo luya kuba nempilo eqhelekileyo kunye nexesha lokuphila.

Ngaphandle kokuba kukho ezinye iziphene, akukho ngxaki zivela kwi-PFO kwiimeko ezininzi.

Abanye abantu banokuba nemeko yokuphefumla kancinci kunye namanqanaba eoksijini ephantsi yegazi xa behleli okanye bemi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-platypnea-orthodeoxia. Oku kunqabile.

Rare, abantu abane-PFOs banokuba nenqanaba eliphezulu lohlobo oluthile lwesifo (esibizwa ngokuba yipradoxical thromboembolic stroke). Kwistrokexical stroke, i-clot yegazi ethi ikhule emthanjeni (imithambo yemilenze yomlenze) iyaqhawuka ihambe iye kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, eli qhekeza liya kuthi ke liqhubeke liye emiphungeni, kodwa kumntu one-PFO, iqokobhe linokudlula emngxunyeni liye kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo. Inokukhutshelwa emzimbeni, ihambe iye kwingqondo kwaye inamathele apho, kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kuloo ndawo yengqondo (ukubetha).

Abanye abantu banokuthatha amayeza ukunqanda amahlwili egazi.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba umntwana wakho ujika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa ekhala okanye esenza intshukumo yamathumbu, kunzima ukondla, okanye ukubonisa ukukhula okungalunganga.

I-PFO; Isiphene sentliziyo esibelekwe-PFO

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini

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Unyango J, Marelli AJ. Isifo sentliziyo esibelekweni kubantu abadala. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 61.

IWebb GD, i-Smallhorn JF, iTherrien J, iRedington AN. Isifo sentliziyo esibelekwe kumntu omkhulu nakwisigulana sabantwana. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 75.