Ukuchaneka kwentliziyo: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Izizathu ezinokubangela isifo se-cardiomyopathy
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• 1. Amachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi
• 2. womchamo
• 3. Digitali
• 4. Iintsholongwane
• 5. IPacemaker
• 6. Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
• Ungayikhusela njani i-cardiomyopathy

Ukuchaneka kwentliziyo sisifo esibangela ukwanda kakhulu kwemisipha yentliziyo, kusenza kube nzima ukumpompa igazi kuwo onke amalungu omzimba, anokukhokelela kuphuhliso lokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ukuqaqanjelwa sisisu, amahlwili egazi okanye ukufa ngesiquphe.

Olu hlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy luxhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda aphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-50 ubudala, nangona inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kubandakanya abantwana, kwaye isenokungabonakali iimpawu ekulula ukuzichonga. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kukho ubunzima bokuba intliziyo ipompe igazi, umntu unokuziva ediniwe, ebuthathaka okanye ephefumla kancinci, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye kugqirha wentliziyo ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo kunye nokufikelela kwisigqibo sokuqonda isifo.

Unyango lwe-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo luboniswa ngugqirha wezifo zentliziyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu, oonobangela kunye nokuba qatha kwesi sifo, kwaye kunganyanzeleka ukuba ubeke umenzi wenhliziyo kwezona meko zinzima. Eyona ndlela yokuthintela iingxaki ze-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo kukulandela rhoqo ugqirha wentliziyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwe-cardiomyopathy zihlala zifana neempawu zokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo okanye i-arrhythmia kwaye zibandakanya:

• Ukudinwa rhoqo;
• Ubuthathaka;
• Ukuphefumla kancinci ngexesha lomthambo, ekuphumleni okanye xa ulele ngomqolo;
• Ubunzima bokuzilolonga okanye kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla;
• Ukudumba emilenzeni, emaqatheni okanye ezinyaweni;
• Ukudumba okugqithisileyo kwisisu;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Ukuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga;
• Ukuziva kwengxolo entliziyweni.

Ukongeza, uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokuba sezantsi ngenxa yobunzima bentliziyo yokupompa igazi.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwe-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo kufuneka kwenziwe yi-cardiologist esekwe kwiimpawu, kuvavanyo lwembali yobuqu neyosapho, kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye novavanyo oluthile olufana nesifuba i-X-ray, uvavanyo lwegazi, i-electrocardiogram, uvavanyo lweHolter, i-echocardiogram, uvavanyo lokuzilolonga, I-tomography ekhompyutheni, i-resonance magnetic, i-catheterization okanye i-cardiops biopsy, umzekelo. Fumanisa ukuba uvavanyo lweHolter lwenziwa njani.

I-cardiologist inokuphinda icele uvavanyo lwezofuzo ukuchonga ukuba ngaba i-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo inokubangelwa zizinto zofuzo.

Izizathu ezinokubangela isifo se-cardiomyopathy

Unobangela we-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo, ngesiqhelo, awunakuchongwa, ubizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izizathu ezikhokelela ekuqaleni kwesi sifo zibandakanya:

• Ukucwangciswa kwentliziyo;
• Ukungoneli kwentliziyo;
• Isifo seswekile;
• Ukutyeba kakhulu;
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi;
• Ukunxila;
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinje ngecocaine okanye iamphetamine;
• Ukusetyenziswa okungapheliyo kwamayeza anje ngecorticosteroids;
• I-Chemotherapy ngamachiza afana ne-doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin okanye i-cyclophosphamide;
• Isifo se-Chagas okanye i-toxoplasmosis;
• Izifo ezisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo njenge-rheumatoid arthritis okanye i-systemic lupus erythematosus;
• Usulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezinje IStreptococcus, iStaphylococcus, iSalmonella, iMycoplasma okanye I-Chlamydia;
• Usulelo ngeentsholongwane ezinjenge-adenovirus, parvovirus, herpes virus, hepatitis C virus okanye Covid-19;
• Ukubonakaliswa kwiityhefu ezinje ngelothe, i-mercury okanye i-cobalt;
• Iingxaki ekukhulelweni kade;
• Iziphene zokuzalwa ezenzeka ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana.

Ukudakumba kwentliziyo kunokuvela ngenxa yeengxaki zemfuza, ke ngoko, kuxhaphake kakhulu kwizigulana ezinembali yosapho, ingakumbi xa zichaphazela umzali.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo kufuneka luqale ngokukhawuleza, phantsi kwesikhokelo se-cardiologist, ukunqanda iingxaki ezinje nge-pulmonary embolism okanye ukubanjwa kwentliziyo, umzekelo.

Unyango lunokwenziwa nge:

1. Amachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi

Ezinye i-antihypertensives zingasetyenziselwa unyango lwe-cardiomyopathy njengoko zinceda ukuphucula ukwandiswa kweenqanawa kunye nokunyusa ukuhamba kwegazi, ukongeza ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo. Ezona klasi zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi zezi:

• I-Angiotensin yokuguqula i-enzyme inhibitors njenge-captopril, enalapril okanye lisinopril;
• I-Angiotensin iibhloko njenge losartan, valsartan okanye candesartan;
• Ibhlokhi yeBeta njenge-carvedilol okanye i-bisoprolol.

La mayeza anokunceda ekunyangeni okanye kuthintele ukuqala kwee-arrhythmias.

2. womchamo

I-diuretics, efana ne-furosemide okanye i-indapamide, inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-cardiomyopathy ejijekileyo ukususa ulwelo oluninzi emzimbeni, ukubathintela ekuqokelelekeni kwimithambo nokwenza kube nzima ukubetha intliziyo.

Ukongeza, i-diuretics inciphisa ukudumba emilenzeni nasezinyaweni ezibangelwa sisifo kunye nemiphunga, inceda ekuphefumleni ngcono.

3. Digitali

Idigitalis esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo yi-digoxin esebenza ngokuqinisa imisipha yentliziyo, ukuququzelela ukungqinelana kunye nokuvumela ukupompa kwegazi okusebenzayo ngakumbi.

La mayeza ayanceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, enceda ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi.

Nangona kunjalo, i-digoxin sisiyobisi esinetyhefu kwaye ifuna ukulandelelwa rhoqo kweemviwo kunye noviwo.

4. Iintsholongwane

I-Anticoagulants efana ne-warfarin okanye i-aspirin isenzo ngokunciphisa i-viscosity yegazi, ukuququzelela ukupompa kwayo kunye nokuthintela ukuvela kwamahlwili anokubangela ukubola okanye ukubetha, umzekelo.

5. IPacemaker

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho unyango lungenziwa ngokufanelekileyo okanye isifo sifunyenwe kamva, ugqirha unokuphinda akucebise utyando ukubeka i-pacemaker entliziyweni ukulungelelanisa iimpembelelo zombane zentliziyo, ukuququzelela umsebenzi wayo kunye nokulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo. .

6. Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo

Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kunokucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho ukuba akukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezifanelekileyo, njengokusebenzisa amayeza okanye i-pacemaker. Jonga ukuba ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kwenziwa njani.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Iingxaki ezihlaziye i-cardiomyopathy ezinokubangela zezi:

• Ukungoneli kwentliziyo;
• Ukucwangciswa kwentliziyo;
• Ingxaki yevalvu yentliziyo;
• Ukuqokelelwa kolwelo emiphungeni, esiswini, emilenzeni nasezinyaweni;
• Ukubanjwa kwe-cardiac.

Ukongeza, i-cardiomyopathy eyandisiweyo inokunyusa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi kunye nokukhula kwe-pulmonary embolism, infarction okanye stroke.

Ungayikhusela njani i-cardiomyopathy

Amanye amanyathelo anokunceda ukukhusela okanye ukunciphisa umonzakalo we-cardiomyopathy ejijekileyo enje:

• Musa ukutshaya;
• Musa ukusela utywala okanye usele ngobungcathu;
• Sukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezinje ngecocaine okanye amphetamines;
• Gcina ubunzima obuphilileyo;
• Yenza imithambo ekhuthazwa ngugqirha;
• Ukulala ubuncinci iiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwezi-9 ngobusuku.

Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha kwaye utye ukutya okunezakha mzimba okunamafutha, iswekile okanye ityuwa. Jonga uluhlu lokutya olulungele intliziyo.