Ukungeva: Indlela yokuchonga, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Indlela yokuchonga
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Oonobangela bokungeva

Ukungeva, okanye ukungeva, kukuphulukana nokuva okanye ukuphulukana nokuva, okwenza kube nzima ukuba umntu ochaphazelekayo aqonde kwaye anxibelelane, kwaye inokuba yinto yokuzalwa, xa umntu ezalwa enesiphene, okanye efunyanwa kubomi bonke, ngenxa ukujongwa kwemfuza, ukwenzakala okanye ukugula okuchaphazela eli lungu.

Isizathu siza kugqiba uhlobo lokungeva, oluhlelwa njenge:

• Ukuqhuba isithulu okanye ukuhambisa: kwenzeka xa kukho into ethintela ukugqitha kwesandi ukuya kwindlebe yangaphakathi, njengoko ichaphazela indlebe engaphandle okanye embindini yezizathu ezinokunyangeka ngokubanzi okanye ezinokunyangeka, njengokuqhekeka kwendlebe, ukuqokelelwa kweendlebe, usulelo lwendlebe okanye amathumba, umzekelo;
• Ukungeva ngeendlebe okanye umbono: sesona sizathu sixhaphakileyo, kwaye sivela ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwendlebe yangaphakathi, kwaye isandi asiqwalaselwa okanye sigqithiselwe kwingqondo, ngenxa yezizathu ezinje ngokuwohloka kweeseli eziviwayo ngokobudala, ukubonakaliswa sisandi esikhulu kakhulu , izifo ezijikeleza igazi okanye isifo semetabolism esifana noxinzelelo lwegazi okanye isifo seswekile, amathumba okanye izifo zofuzo, umzekelo.

Kukwakho nokungeva okuxubekileyo, okwenzeka ngenxa yokudityaniswa kweentlobo ezimbini zokungeva, ngenxa yokuzibandakanya kwendlebe ephakathi neyangaphakathi. Kubalulekile ukuba kuchongwe uhlobo lokungeva ukuze kuqaliswe olona nyango lufanelekileyo, ngokokuqhelaniswa ne-otorhinolaryngologist.

Indlela yokuchonga

Ukuphazamiseka kwindlebe kubonakala ngokuncipha kokuqonda izandi, ngokuyinxenye, apho inqanaba lokuva, okanye lilonke, lisenokuqhubeka. La lahleko lokuva linokulinganiswa kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-audiometer, elinganisa amanqanaba okuva kwii-decibel.

Ke, ukungeva kunokuhlelwa ngokwamanqanaba kwi:

• UkuKhanya: xa ilahleko yokuva ingafikelela kwi-40 decibel, ethintela ukuva isandi esibuthathaka okanye esikude. Umntu usenokuba nobunzima ekuqondeni incoko kwaye acele ukuba eli binzana liphindaphindwe rhoqo, uhlala ebonakala ngathi uphazamisekile, kodwa ayisoloko ibangela utshintsho olukhulu kulwimi;
• Iphakathi: kukuphulukana nokuva phakathi kwama-40 ukuya kuma-70 ee-decibel, apho kuqondwa kuphela izandi ezinzulu, zibangela ubunzima kunxibelelwano, njengokulibaziseka kolwimi, kunye nemfuno yezakhono zokufunda imilebe ukuqonda okungcono;
• Kakhulu: kubangela ukulahleka kokuva phakathi kwe-70 kunye ne-90 ye-decibel, evumela ukuqonda kwengxolo ethile kunye namazwi, okwenza ukuqonda okubonwayo kunye nokufunda imilebe kubalulekile ekuqondeni;
• Nzulu: lolona hlobo lubalulekileyo, kwaye lwenzeka xa ilahleko yokuva ingaphezulu kwe-90 decibel, ukuthintela unxibelelwano kunye nokuqonda intetho.

Kwimeko yeempawu ezibonisa ukulahleka kwendlebe, kuya kufuneka uthethathethane no-otorhinolaryngologist, oya kuthi, ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-audiometry, enze uvavanyo kuvavanyo lweklinikhi ukumisela ukuba lilizwe elinye na okanye alikho kwelinye, zeziphi izizathu ezinokubangela kwaye kufanelekile unyango. Qonda ukuba uviwo lwe-audiometry lwenziwa njani.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lokungeva ngeendlebe luxhomekeke kwisizathu sayo, kwaye ukucocwa okanye ukufunxwa kwendlebe kungabonakaliswa xa kukho ingqokelela ye-wax okanye yokufihlwa, okanye uqhaqho kwimeko ye-eardrum eguqulweyo okanye ukulungisa nakuphi na ukukhubazeka, umzekelo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukubuyisela ukuva, umntu angabhenela ekusebenziseni izixhobo zokuva okanye izinto zokuncedisa ukuva. Emva kokubonisa uncedo lokuva, ingcali yezentetho iya kuba yingcali ejongene nokukhokela usetyenziso, uhlobo lwesixhobo, ukongeza kulungelelwaniso kunye nokubeka iliso kuncedo lokuva lomsebenzisi.

Ukongeza, ezinye izigulana zinokuxhamla kwezinye iindlela zokuvuselelwa ezibandakanya ukufunda imilebe okanye intetho yezandla, ephucula umgangatho wonxibelelwano kunye nokunxibelelana kwezentlalo kwaba bantu.

Oonobangela bokungeva

Ezinye zezona zinto ziphambili zokuphulukana nendlebe kubandakanya oonobangela abafunyenwe kubomi bonke, nokuba ngesiquphe okanye ngokuthe ngcembe, njenge:

• Indlebe ye-wax Phakathi, ngobuninzi;
• Ubukho bolwelo, njengeemfihlo, kwindlebe esembindini;
• Ubukho bento engaqhelekanga ngaphakathi kwendlebe, njengokhozo lwerayisi, umzekelo, oluqhelekileyo ebantwaneni;
• I-Otosclerosis, esisifo apho isirhubuluzi, esilithambo endlebeni, siyeke ukungcangcazela kwaye isandi asinakudlula;
• Otitis etsolo okanye ezingapheliyo, kwinxalenye engaphandle okanye embindini wendlebe;
• Iziphumo zamayeza athile ezifana ne-chemotherapy, i-loop diuretics okanye i-aminoglycosides;
• Ingxolo egqithileyo, zingaphezulu kwama-85 ee-decibel zexesha elide, ezinje ngoomatshini bemizi-mveliso, umculo ongxolayo, izixhobo okanye iirokethi, ezibangela ukonakala kwimithambo-luvo yesandi;
• Ukubandezeleka kwentloko okanye ukubetha;
• Izifo ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis, i-lupus, isifo se-Peget, i-meningitis, isifo se-Ménière, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo seswekile;
• Iimpawu NjengoAlport okanye u-Usher;

• Ithumba lendlebe okanye izicwili zobuchopho ezichaphazela icandelo lokuva.

Iimeko zokungeva ngokuzalwa zizalwa xa zidluliswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngenxa yokusela utywala kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukungondleki komama, izifo, ezinjengesifo seswekile, okanye usulelo oluvela ngexesha lokukhulelwa, njengemasisi, i-rubella okanye i-toxoplasmosis.