Zithini iiseli zedendritic kunye nokuba zeziphi

Umxholo

• Yintoni efanelekileyo?
• Iindidi zeeseli zedendritic
• Banganceda njani ukunyanga umhlaza

Iiseli ze-Dendritic, okanye i-DC, ziiseli eziveliswe kumongo wethambo onokufunyanwa egazini, kulusu nakwindlela yokucola ukutya kunye nokuphefumla, umzekelo, kwaye eyinxalenye yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, inoxanduva lokuchonga usulelo kunye nokukhulisa amajoni omzimba. impendulo.

Ke, xa amajoni omzimba eziva esongelwa, ezi seli ziyasebenza ukuze zichonge i-arhente eyosulelayo kwaye zikhuthaze ukupheliswa kwayo. Ke, ukuba iiseli ze-dendritic azisebenzi kakuhle, amajoni omzimba anobunzima ngakumbi ekukhuseleni umzimba, ngamathuba amakhulu okuba nesifo okanye nomhlaza.

Yintoni efanelekileyo?

Iiseli ze-Dendritic zinoxanduva lokuthatha i-microorganism ehlaselayo kunye nokubonisa i-antigen, efumaneka kumphezulu wayo, kwi-T lymphocyte, eqala ukuphendula komzimba ngokuchasene nesifo esosulelayo, ukulwa nesifo.

Ngenxa yokuba babamba kwaye babonise iantigens kumphezulu wazo, eziyinxalenye ye-arhente echaphazelayo, iiseli zedendritic zibizwa ngokuba zii-Antigen-Presenting Cell, okanye ii-APCs.

Ukongeza ekukhuthazeni impendulo yokuqala yamajoni omzimba ngokuchasene ne-arhente ethile ehlaselayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukungakhuseleki ngaphakathi, iiseli ze-dendritic zibalulekile ekuphuculweni kokuzikhusela komzimba, ekuyiyo ekwenziwa kuyo iiseli zememori, ukuyikhusela ukuba iphinde iphinde yenzeke okanye ngendlela ebuthathaka usulelo ngumzimba ofanayo.

Qonda indlela amajoni omzimba asebenza ngayo.

Iindidi zeeseli zedendritic

Iiseli zedendritic zinokuhlelwa ngokweempawu zazo zokufuduka, ukubonakaliswa kwamakishi kumphezulu wazo, indawo kunye nomsebenzi. Ke, iiseli ze-dendritic zinokuhlelwa ikakhulu kwiindidi ezimbini:

• Iiseli ze-Plasmocytoid dendriticEzifumaneka ikakhulu egazini nakwizitho ze-lymphoid, ezinje ngepeni, ithmus, umongo wethambo kunye ne-lymph node, umzekelo. Ezi seli zisebenza ngokukodwa ngokuchasene neentsholongwane kwaye, ngenxa yokukwazi kwazo ukuvelisa i-Interferon alpha kunye ne-beta, eziziiproteni ezinoxanduva lokulawula amajoni omzimba, zikwanazo iipropathi ezichasene nethumba kwezinye iimeko, ukongeza kumthamo we-antiviral.
• Iiseli ze-Myeloid dendriticZibekwe eluswini, kwigazi kunye nasezimpahleni. Iiseli ezisegazini zibizwa ngokuba yi-DC yokuvuvukala, evelisa i-TNF-alpha, eluhlobo lwe-cytokine ejongene nokufa kweeseli zethumba kunye nenkqubo yokuvuvukala. Kwizicubu, ezi seli zinokubizwa ngokuba zii-interstitial okanye i-mucosal DC kwaye, xa zikhona kulusu, zibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zeLangerhans okanye iiseli ezifudukayo, kuba emva kokusebenza kwazo, zihamba ngesikhumba ziye kwii-lymph node, apho zibonisa khona iantigens kwii-lymphocyte ze-T.

Imvelaphi yeeseli zedendritic isafundwa ngokubanzi, kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba inokuba ivela kumnombo we-lymphoid kunye ne-myeloid. Ukongeza, kukho iingcinga ezimbini ezizama ukucacisa imvelaphi yezi seli:

1. Umsebenzi weModeli yePlastiki, othathela ingqalelo ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zedendritic zimele izigaba ezahlukeneyo zokuvuthwa komgca weseli enye, imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo sisiphumo sendawo abakuyo;
2. Imodeli yoMnombo ekhethekileyo, ojonga ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zedendritic zithathwe kwimigca eyahlukeneyo yeeseli, esona sizathu semisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.

Kukholelwa ukuba zombini ezi ngcamango zinesiseko kwaye kwindalo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ezi ngcamango zombini ziya kwenzeka ngaxeshanye.

Banganceda njani ukunyanga umhlaza

Ngenxa yendima yayo ebalulekileyo kumajoni omzimba kunye nokukwazi ukulawula zonke iinkqubo ezinxulumene nokhuselo, izifundo zenziwe ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo kunyango ngokuchasene nomhlaza, ngakumbi ngohlobo lwesitofu sokugonya.

Kwilabhoratri, iiseli ze-dendritic zibekwe kunxibelelana neesampulu zeseli zethumba kwaye ukukwazi kwazo ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza kuyaqinisekiswa. Ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo kwiimodeli zovavanyo kunye nezilwanyana ziyasebenza, kunokwenzeka ukuba iimvavanyo zokugonya umhlaza kunye neeseli zedendritic zinokwenziwa zifumaneke kubemi. Ngaphandle kokuthembisa, uphando oluthe kratya luyafuneka kuphuhliso lweli chiza, kunye nohlobo lomhlaza eliza kulwa nalo.

Ukongeza ekusebenziseni umhlaza, ukusetyenziswa kweeseli zedendritic kuye kwafundwa kunyango ngokuchasene noGawulayo kunye ne-systemic sporotrichosis, ezizizifo ezinzulu kwaye zikhokelela ekwehleni kumajoni omzimba. Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokuphucula nokomeleza amajoni akho omzimba.