Izakhono zonxibelelwano kunye nokuphazamiseka

Umxholo

• Iindidi zokuPhazamiseka koNxibelelwano
• Yintoni Ebangela Ukuphazamiseka Kunxibelelwano?
• Ngubani oMngciphekweni wokuPhazamiseka kunxibelelwano?
• Ziintoni Iimpawu Zengxaki Zokunxibelelana?
• Ukuchonga iingxaki zoNxibelelwano
• Ukunyanga iingxaki zoNxibelelwano
• Ukuxela kwangaphambili
• Uthintelo

Zithini iingxaki zonxibelelwano

Ukuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano kunokuchaphazela indlela umntu ayifumana ngayo, ayithumele ngayo, ayenze ngayo, kwaye ayiqonde ngayo imixholo. Banokubenza buthathaka ubuchule bokuthetha nolwimi, okanye bonakalise amandla okuva nokuqonda imiyalezo. Zininzi iintlobo zeengxaki zonxibelelwano.

Iindidi zokuPhazamiseka koNxibelelwano

Iingxaki zonxibelelwano zihlelwe ngeendlela ngeendlela. Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi yenza nzima ukuthetha. Ukuxubana nokuphazamiseka kolwimi okuchazayo yenza zombini ukuqonda ulwimi nokuthetha kube nzima.

Ukuphazamiseka kwentetho chaphazela ilizwi lakho. Ziquka:

• ukuphazamiseka kwengcaciso: ukutshintsha okanye ukufaka endaweni yamagama ukuze imiyalezo kunzima ukuyiqonda
• Ubuphofu bokuphazamiseka: ukuthetha ngezinga elingaqhelekanga okanye isingqisho sentetho
• Ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi: ukuba nesandi esingaqhelekanga, umthamo, okanye ubude bokuthetha

Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi ichaphazele indlela oyisebenzisa ngayo intetho okanye ukubhala. Ziquka:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwifom yolwimi, echaphazela:
  • izandi (izandi ezenza iinkqubo zolwimi)
  • morphology (ulwakhiwo nokwakhiwa kwamagama)
  • isintaksi (zenziwa njani izivakalisi)
  • Ukuphazamiseka kwimixholo yolwimi, echaphazela ii-semantics (iintsingiselo zamagama nezivakalisi)
  • Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kolwimi, okuchaphazela ipragmatics (ukusetyenziswa kwemiyalezo efanelekileyo ngokwasentlalweni)

Iingxaki zokuva konakalisa amandla okusebenzisa intetho kunye / okanye ulwimi. Umntu onesifo sokuva unokuchazwa njengezithulu zokuva nzima. Abantu abaziziThulu abanakuxhomekeka ekuveni njengeyona nto iphambili kunxibelelwano. Abantu abangeva kakuhle banokusebenzisa kuphela ukuva xa benxibelelana.

Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza okuphakathi ichaphazele indlela umntu ahlalutya ngayo kwaye asebenzise idatha kwiimpawu zokuva.

Yintoni Ebangela Ukuphazamiseka Kunxibelelwano?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, oonobangela bokuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano abaziwa.

Ukuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano kunokuba yimeko yophuhliso okanye efunyenweyo. Izizathu zibandakanya:

• ukukhula kwengqondo okungaqhelekanga
• ukubonakaliswa kukusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi okanye ityhefu ngaphambi kokuzalwa
• imilebe yomlomo okanye inkalakahla
• izinto zofuzo
• ukwenzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu
• ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo
• imivumbo
• amathumba kwindawo esetyenziselwa unxibelelwano

Ngubani oMngciphekweni wokuPhazamiseka kunxibelelwano?

Ukuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano kuqhelekile ebantwaneni. Ngokutsho kweZiko leLizwe leZithulu kunye nezinye iZifo zoNxibelelwano (i-NIDCD), iipesenti ezi-8 ukuya kwezi-9 zabantwana abancinci banengxaki yokuthetha. Eli nqanaba lehla laya kwiipesenti ezi-5 zabantwana abakudidi lokuqala (i-NIDCD).

Ukuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano kuqhelekile nakubantu abadala. E-United States, malunga nezigidi ezi-7.5 zabantu banengxaki yokusebenzisa ilizwi labo. Ukongeza, phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-8 yezigidi zabantu abahlupheka ngolunye uhlobo lweemeko zolwimi (NIDCD).

Izigulana ezonzakeleyo engqondweni zinomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana ezi ngxaki. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezininzi zivela ngokuzenzekelayo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuqala kwe-aphasia, kukungakwazi ukusebenzisa okanye ukuqonda ulwimi. Ukufikelela kwisigidi esinye sabantu eUnited States banayo le meko (NIDCD).

Ziintoni Iimpawu Zengxaki Zokunxibelelana?

Iimpawu zixhomekeke kudidi kunye nonobangela wokuphazamiseka. Banokubandakanya:

• izandi eziphindaphindwayo
• ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamagama
• ukungakwazi ukunxibelelana ngendlela eqondakalayo
• ukungakwazi ukuqonda imiyalezo

Ukuchonga iingxaki zoNxibelelwano

Ukuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunokufuna igalelo leengcali ezininzi. Oogqirha bosapho, iingcali zemithambo-luvo, kunye neengcali zolwimi oluthetha ngentetho zinokuqhuba iimvavanyo. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya:

• uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba
• ukuvavanywa kwengqondo kokuqiqa kunye nezakhono zokucinga
• iimvavanyo zokuthetha nolwimi
• imaging yamagnetic resonance (iMRI)
• Iskena sekhompyuter ye-tomography (CT)
• Uvavanyo lwengqondo

Ukunyanga iingxaki zoNxibelelwano

Uninzi lwabantu abanengxaki yokunxibelelana bayazuza kunyango lolwimi lokuthetha. Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobukrakra besifo. Izizathu ezingunobangela, ezinjengosulelo, zinokunyangwa kuqala.

Kubantwana, kungcono ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ulwimi oluthetha ulwimi olunokunceda izigulana zakha amandla akhoyo. Unyango lunokubandakanya iindlela zokulungisa ukuphucula izakhono ezibuthathaka. Ezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano ezinje ngentetho yezandla zinokufundwa.

Unyango lweqela lunokuvumela abaguli ukuba bavavanye izakhono zabo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kosapho kuhlala kukhuthazwa.

Ukuxela kwangaphambili

Izinto ezininzi zinokuthintela ukuba luninzi utshintsho olunokwenzeka, kubandakanya unobangela kunye nenqanaba lokuphazamiseka. Kubantwana, inkxaso edibeneyo yabazali, ootitshala, kunye nokuthetha kunye nabaqeqeshi beelwimi kunokuba luncedo. Kubantu abadala, ukuzikhuthaza kunokuba kubalulekile.

Uthintelo

Akukho ndlela ezithile zokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano. Ukuthintela umngcipheko owaziwayo, njengayo nayiphi na into enokubangela ukwenzakala kwengqondo, kunokunceda, njengoko kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo ngokuphila ngendlela esempilweni.

Uninzi lweengxaki zonxibelelwano zenzeka ngaphandle kwezizathu ezaziwayo.

Xa iingxaki zonxibelelwano zikrokrelwa ebantwaneni, kufuneka zichongwe ngokukhawuleza (CHOP).