Isifo sikaHuntington: yintoni, iimpawu, unobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unobangela wesifo sikaHuntington
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

Isifo sikaHuntington, esikwabizwa ngokuba yi-chorea ka-Huntington, sisifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza esibangela ukungasebenzi kwentshukumo, indlela yokuziphatha kunye nokukwazi ukunxibelelana. Iimpawu zesi sifo ziyaqhubeka, kwaye zinokuqala phakathi kweminyaka engama-35 nengama-45, kwaye ukuxilongwa kumanqanaba okuqala kunzima ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ziyafana nezo zezinye izifo.

Isifo sikaHuntington asinyangeki, kodwa kukho iindlela zonyango ezinokunceda ekuthomalaliseni iimpawu nasekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi, ekufuneka unikwe ugqirha wezifo zemithambo-luvo okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo, onje ngee-anti-depressants kunye ne-anxiolytics, ukuphucula uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo, okanye iTetrabenazine, ukuphucula utshintsho ekuhambeni nasekuziphatheni.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zesifo sikaHuntington zingahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, kwaye zinokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza okanye zibenamandla ngakumbi ngokokuba unyango lwenziwa okanye alwenziwanga. Iimpawu eziphambili ezinxulumene nesifo sikaHuntington zezi:

• Ukuhamba okungxamisekileyo okungafunekiyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-chorea, eziqala ukubekwa kwilungu elinye lomzimba, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezichaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba.
• Kunzima ukuhamba, ukuthetha nokujonga, okanye olunye utshintsho olwenziwayo;
• Ukuqina okanye ukungcangcazela kwezihlunu;
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, ngoxinzelelo, utyekelo lokuzibulala kunye nengqondo;
• Utshintsho kwimemori, kunye nobunzima ekunxibelelaneni;
• Kunzima ukuthetha nokuginya, ukwandisa umngcipheko wokukrwitshwa.

Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko kunokubakho utshintsho ekulaleni, ukwehla kobunzima obungacwangciswanga, ukunciphisa okanye ukungakwazi ukwenza iintshukumo zokuzithandela. I-Chorea luhlobo lwesifo esichazwa ngokuba mfutshane, njenge-spasm, enokubangela ukuba esi sifo sidideke nezinye iingxaki, ezinje ngokubethwa sistroke, iParkinson's, iTourette's syndrome okanye siqwalaselwe njengesiphumo sonyango oluthile.

Ke ngoko, kubukho beempawu kunye neempawu ezinokubonisa isifo sikaHuntington, ngakumbi ukuba kukho imbali yesi sifo kusapho, kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nogqirha okanye ugqirha wemithambo-luvo ukuze kuvavanywe imiqondiso neempawu ezivezwe umntu wenziwe, kunye nokuvavanywa kokusebenza kwemifanekiso enje ngecomputer tomography okanye imaging resonance imaging kunye novavanyo lofuzo ukuqinisekisa utshintsho kunye nokuqala unyango.

Unobangela wesifo sikaHuntington

Isifo sikaHuntington senzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwimfuza, oludluliselwa ngendlela yelifa, kwaye emisela ukonakala kwemimandla ebalulekileyo yobuchopho. Utshintsho kwimfuza kwesi sifo lolona hlobo lubalaseleyo, oko kuthetha ukuba kwanele ukufumana ufuzo lomnye wabazali ukuba semngciphekweni wokusiphuhlisa.

Ke, ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemfuza, kwaveliswa uhlobo oluguquliweyo lweprotein, ekhokelela ekufeni kweeseli zemithambo-luvo kwezinye iindawo zobuchopho kunye nokuthanda ukukhula kweempawu.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwesifo sikaHuntington kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi kwesikhokelo se-neurologist kunye nonyango lwengqondo, oluya kuvavanya ubukho beempawu kunye nokukhokela ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu. Ke, amanye amachiza anokuboniswa ngala:

• Unyango olulawula utshintsho lwentshukumo, ezinje ngeTetrabenazine okanye iAmantadine, njengoko zisebenza kwii-neurotransmitters kwingqondo ukulawula ezi ntlobo zotshintsho;
• Amayeza alawula isifo sengqondo, ezinje ngeClozapine, iQuetiapine okanye iRisperidone, enceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zengqondo kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha;
• Ukudakumba, ezinje ngeSertraline, Citalopram kunye neMirtazapine, enokusetyenziselwa ukuphucula isimo sengqondo nokuzola kwabantu abaphazamiseke kakhulu;
• Izinto ezomeleza imo, ezinje ngeCarbamazepine, iLamotrigine kunye neValproic acid, ezibonisiweyo zilawula indlela yokuziphatha kunye nokunyanzelwa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza akusoloko kuyimfuneko, kusetyenziswa kuphela xa kukho iimpawu ezikhathaza umntu. Ukongeza, ukwenza imisebenzi yokuvuselela, njengokunyanga ngokwasemzimbeni okanye unyango lomsebenzi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokulungelelanisa iintshukumo.