Nini ukujonga ugqirha malunga nokukhohlela kwakho

Umxholo

• Oonobangela ukhohlokhohlo
• Ukukhwehlela okukhoyo kunokubangelwa:
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kunokubangelwa:
• Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokukhohlela kunye ne-COVID-19
• Nini ukufumana unyango ngenxa yokukhohlela
• Unyango lwasekhaya
• Olunye unyango
• Umgca wezantsi

Isikhohlela sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ngumzimba wakho ukucoca indlela yakho yomoya nokukhusela imiphunga yakho kwizinto zangaphandle nakwintsholongwane.

Unokukhwehlela ngokuphendula kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Eminye imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:

• umungu
• umsi
• usulelo

Ngelixa ukukhwehlela ngamanye amaxesha kuyinto eqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangelwa yimeko ebaluleke kakhulu efuna unyango. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba uza kubona nini ugqirha ukuze ukhohlele.

Oonobangela ukhohlokhohlo

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhohlela. Oku kusekwe kubude bexesha ekhohlele ngalo.

• Ukukhwehlela. Ukukhohlela okunamandla kuhlala ngaphantsi kweeveki ezintathu. Kwezinye iimeko, emva kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela kunokuhlala phakathi kweeveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-8. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukukhohlela.
• Isikhohlela esinganyangekiyo. Isikhohlela sithathwa njengesiqhelo xa sihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezisi-8.

Ukukhwehlela okukhoyo kunokubangelwa:

• Ukucaphuka kwendalo okufana nomsi, uthuli, okanye umsi
• izifo ezifana ne-pollen, i-pet dander, okanye i-mold
• usulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla, njengokubanda okuqhelekileyo, umkhuhlane, okanye usulelo lwesono
• izifo ezantsi zokuphefumla njenge-bronchitis okanye inyumoniya
• ukunyanzeliswa kwemeko engapheliyo njengesifo sombefu
• iimeko ezinobuzaza, ezinje nge-pulmonary embolism

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kunokubangelwa:

• ukutshaya
• iimeko ezingapheliyo zokuphefumla njenge-bronchitis engapheliyo, i-asthma, kunye nesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmonary (COPD)
• Idriphu yasemva kwexesha
• isifo se-reflux sesifo se-gastroesophageal (GERD)
• i-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, uhlobo lonyango loxinzelelo lwegazi
• ukuthintela ukuphefumla xa ulala
• isifo sentliziyo
• umhlaza wemiphunga

Ukukhwehlela kunokuhlelwa njengemveliso okanye ukuvelisa.

• Ukukhohlela okuvelisayo. Ikwabizwa ngokuba kukukhohlela okumanzi, izisa i-mucus okanye i-phlegm.
• Ukukhwehlela okungavelisi. Ikwabizwa ngokuba sisikhohlela esomileyo, ayivelisi nayiphi na incindi.

Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokukhohlela kunye ne-COVID-19

Ukukhohlela luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-COVID-19, isigulo esibangelwe yi-coronavirus entsha, i-SARS-CoV-2.

Ixesha lokufukama le-COVID-19 linokuba phakathi kweentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-14 nge-avareji yeentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5, ngokutsho kwamaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noKhuseleko (CDC).

Isikhohlela esidityaniswa ne-COVID-19 sihlala somile. Nangona kunjalo, iCDC iqaphela ukuba kwezinye iimeko inokuba manzi.

Ukuba unecala elincinci le-COVID-19, unokukhetha ukusebenzisa amayeza okukhohlela okanye amanye amayeza asekhaya ukunceda ukukhohlela.

Kunye nokukhohlela, ezinye iimpawu ze-COVID-19 zibandakanya:

• ifiva
• Ukugodola
• ukudinwa
• iintlungu zomzimba
• umqala obuhkungu
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• impumlo egudileyo okanye exineneyo
• Iimpawu zokugaya ukutya njengokugabha, ukugabha, okanye urhudo
• ukulahleka kwevumba okanye incasa

Abanye abantu banokuphuhlisa izifo ezinzima ngenxa ye-COVID-19. Oku kwenzeka emva kokuba iimpawu ziqale. Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zokugula okunzulu kwe-COVID-19 ekufuneka ufune unyango kwangoko kubandakanya:

• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• intlungu okanye uxinzelelo kwisifuba sakho esiqhubekayo
• imilebe okanye ubuso obonakala buhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala
• ukudideka engqondweni
• unengxaki yokuhlala uphaphile okanye ubunzima bokuvuka

Nini ukufumana unyango ngenxa yokukhohlela

Ukukhwehlela okuqatha okubangelwa kukucaphuka, i-allergen, okanye usulelo luya kucaca kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa.

Kodwa ngumbono olungileyo ukulandela ugqirha wakho ukuba uhlala ixesha elide kuneeveki ezi-3 okanye yenzeka kunye naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ifiva
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• amafinyila ashinyeneyo aluhlaza okanye tyheli ngombala
• ukubila ebusuku
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga

Funa unonophelo olungxamisekileyo kuso nasiphi na isikhohlela esihamba kunye:

• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ukhohlela igazi
• umkhuhlane ophezulu
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukudideka
• isiqaqa

Unyango lwasekhaya

Ukuba ukhohlela kancinci, kukho izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zakho. Amanye amayeza aquka oku kulandelayo:

• I-O-counter-counter (OTC) iyeza zokukhwehlela. Ukuba unomkhuhlane omanzi, i-OTC expectorant efana neMucinex inokukunceda ukukhulula i-mucus kwimiphunga yakho. Olunye ukhetho kukunyanga okuchasene neRobitussin ecinezela ukukhwehlela okukhoyo. Kuphephe ukunika la mayeza kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala.
• Ukhohlise amathontsi okanye i-lozenges yomqala. Ukuncanca kwithontsi lokukhohlela okanye umqala womqala unokunceda ukunciphisa ukukhwehlela okanye umqala ocaphukisayo. Nangona kunjalo, ungaziniki ezi zinto kubantwana abancinci, kuba banokuba yingozi yokukrwitshwa.
• Iziselo ezishushu. Iti okanye umhluzi unganciphisa i-mucus kunye nokunciphisa ukucaphuka. Amanzi afudumeleyo okanye iti enelam kunye nobusi nazo zinokunceda. Ubusi akufuneki bunikwe abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ngenxa yomngcipheko we-botulism yeentsana.
• Ukufuma okungaphezulu. Ukongeza ukufuma okungaphezulu emoyeni kunokunceda ukuthomalalisa umqala ocatshukiswayo kukukhohlela. Zama ukusebenzisa i-humidifier okanye ume kwindawo yokufudumeza eshushu.
• Gwema ukucaphukisa kwendalo. Zama ukuhlala kude nezinto ezinokubangela ukucaphuka. Imizekelo ibandakanya umsi wecuba, uthuli kunye nomsi wamachiza.

Olu nyango lwasekhaya kufuneka lusetyenziselwe ukukhwehlela okuncinci. Ukuba ukhwehlela eqhubekayo okanye eyenzekayo ngezinye iimpawu, khangela unyango.

Olunye unyango

Ukuba ufuna unyango ngenxa yokukhwehlela kwakho, ugqirha wakho uya kuhlala eyiphatha ngokujongana nesizathu esisisiseko. Eminye imizekelo yonyango ibandakanya:

• i-antihistamines okanye i-decongestants ye-allergies kunye ne-postnasal drip
• Iintsholongwane zentsholongwane
• i-bronchodilators okanye i-corticosteroids ye-inhaled ye-asthma okanye i-COPD
• amayeza anjenge-proton pump inhibitors ye-GERD
• Uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwamayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi ukubuyisela i-ACE inhibitors

Amanye amayeza, anjenge-benzonatate, anokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-reflex yokukhwehlela.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukukhwehlela kuqhelekileyo kwaye kunokuba nzima okanye kungapheliyo. Ukongeza, ezinye izikhwehlela zinokuvelisa i-mucus ngelixa ezinye zingenakho.

Izinto ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela ukukhohlela. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwendalo, izifo zokuphefumula, okanye iimeko ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-asthma okanye i-COPD.

Ukukhwehlela kukwayimpawu eqhelekileyo ye-COVID-19.

Ukunyamekela ekhaya kunokuhlala kunciphisa ukukhwehlela. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukukhwehlela kufuna ukuvavanywa ngugqirha.

Fowunela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhohlokhohlo luhlala ixesha elide kuneeveki ezi-3 okanye ukuba luhamba neempawu ezinje:

• ifiva
• yencindi umbala
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Ezinye iimpawu zinokuba ziimpawu zongxamiseko kwezonyango. Funa ingqalelo kwangoko kwisikhohlela esenzeka ecaleni kwelinye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi mpawu:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• umkhuhlane ophezulu
• ukhohlela igazi