I-MRI yesifuba

Isifuba se-MRI (imaging resonance imaging) sisilingo sokuhlola esisebenzisa amandla anamandla amakhulu kunye namaza erediyo ukwenza imifanekiso yesifuba (indawo ye-thoracic). Ayisebenzisi i-radiation (x-ray).

Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo:

• Unokucelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe yasesibhedlele okanye impahla ngaphandle kwezinto zokuqinisa zentsimbi (ezinje ngezikipa kunye nesikipa). Iindidi ezithile zesinyithi zinokubangela imifanekiso engacacanga okanye zibe yingozi ukubakhona kwigumbi lokuskena.
• Ulele kwitafile emxinwa, ethi ityibilike kwiskena esikhulu esimile.
• Kuya kufuneka uthe cwaka ngexesha loviwo, kuba intshukumo ibangela imifanekiso emnyama. Unokuxelelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho ixesha elifutshane.

Ezinye iimviwo zifuna idayi ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba ngumahluko. Idayi ihlala inikwa ngaphambi kovavanyo kusetyenziswa umthambo (IV) esandleni okanye kwingalo yakho. Idayi inceda i-radiologist ibone iindawo ezithile ngokucacileyo. Uvavanyo lwegazi ukulinganisa umsebenzi wakho wezintso lunokwenziwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba izintso zakho zisempilweni ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingacoca umahluko.

Ngexesha le-MRI, umntu osebenza kumatshini uya kukujonga ukwelinye igumbi. Uvavanyo luhlala luhlala kwimizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60, kodwa kunokuthatha ixesha elide.

Unokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ngaphambi kokuskena.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba une-claustrophobic (woyika iindawo ezivaliweyo). Unokunikwa iyeza lokukunceda uzive usozela kwaye ungakhathazeki kangako. Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa nge-MRI "evulekileyo", apho umatshini ungasondelanga emzimbeni wakho.

Ngaphambi kovavanyo, xelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unayo:

• Iiklip ze-aneurysm zengqondo
• Iintsholongwane zentliziyo ezingezizo
• Intliziyo defibrillator okanye ipacemaker
• Ukufakwa kwendlebe ngaphakathi (cochlear)
• Isifo sezintso okanye kwi-dialysis (ngekhe ube nakho ukufumana umahluko)
• Kutshanje kubekwe amalungu anganyanisekanga
• Iimpawu zemithambo
• Ukusebenza ngesinyithi kwiphepha elidlulileyo (unokufuna iimvavanyo ukujonga iziqwenga zentsimbi emehlweni akho)

I-MRI iqulethe iimagnethi ezinamandla, ke izinto zesinyithi azivumelekanga kwigumbi elinesikena se-MRI. Kungenxa yokuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba baya kutsalwa emzimbeni wakho baye kwisikena. Imizekelo yezinto zetsimbi oya kuthi uzisuse zezi:

• Iipeni, iimela zeepokotho, kunye neiglasi zamehlo
• Izinto ezinje ngezacholo, iiwotshi, amakhadi etyala kunye nezinto zokuva
• Izikhonkwane, iintsimbi zeenwele, kunye neziphu zentsimbi
• Umsebenzi osuswayo wamazinyo

Ezinye zezixhobo ezitsha ezichazwe apha ngasentla ziyahambelana neMRI, ke i-radiologist kufuneka ijonge umenzi wesixhobo ukubona ukuba iMRI inokwenzeka na.

Uvavanyo lwe-MRI alubangeli zintlungu. Ukuba unengxaki yokulala uzolile okanye unovalo kakhulu, unokufumana iyeza lokuphumla. Ukuhamba kakhulu kunokuphazamisa imifanekiso ye-MRI kwaye kubangele iimpazamo xa ugqirha ejonga imifanekiso.

Itafile inokuba nzima okanye ibanda, kodwa ungacela ingubo okanye umqamelo. Umatshini uvelisa ingxolo enkulu kunye nengxolo xa kuvuliwe. Unganxiba iiplagi zendlebe ukunceda ukunciphisa ingxolo.

I-intercom egumbini ikuvumela ukuba uthethe nomntu nangaliphi na ixesha. Ezinye ii-MRIs zinomabonakude kunye neefowuni ezizodwa onokuzisebenzisa ukunceda ixesha lidlule.

Akukho xesha lokufumana kwakhona, ngaphandle kokuba unikwe iyeza lokuphumla. Emva kokuvavanywa kweMRI, unokuphinda uqalise ukutya okuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi kunye namayeza.

Isifuba se-MRI sibonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zezicubu ngaphakathi kwesifuba. Ngokubanzi, akulunganga ukujonga imiphunga njengokuvavanywa kwesifuba se-CT, kodwa kunokuba ngcono kwezinye izicwili.

Isifuba se-MRI sinokwenziwa:

• Nika enye indlela kwi-angiography, okanye uthintele ukubonakaliswa okuphindaphindiweyo kwimitha
• Cacisa iziphumo ezivela kwi-x-ray zangaphambili okanye kwi-CT scan
• Ukuchonga ukukhula okungaqhelekanga esifubeni
• Vavanya ukuhamba kwegazi
• Bonisa ii-lymph nodes kunye nemithambo yegazi
• Bonisa ukwakheka kwesifuba kwii-engile ezininzi
• Jonga ukuba umhlaza esifubeni sele unwenwele nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba (oku kubizwa ngokuba yiteage- kuyanceda ukukhokela unyango kunye nokulandela, kwaye kukunika umbono wokuba ulindele ntoni kwikamva)
• Khangela amathumba

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zithetha ukuba indawo yakho yesifuba ibonakala njengesiqhelo.

Isifuba se-MRI esingaqhelekanga sinokubangelwa:

• Ukuqhekeka eludongeni, ukwandiswa okungaqhelekanga okanye ibhaluni, okanye ukunciphisa umthambo omkhulu ohambisa igazi entliziyweni (aorta)
• Olunye utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwimithambo yegazi emiphungeni okanye esifubeni
• Ukwakhiwa kwegazi okanye ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo okanye imiphunga
• Umhlaza wemiphunga okanye umhlaza osele uye kwimiphunga usuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni
• Umhlaza okanye amathumba entliziyo
• Umhlaza okanye izicubu zesifuba, ezinje ngethumba le-thymus
• Isifo apho imisipha yentliziyo iba buthathaka, yolulwa, okanye inenye ingxaki yolwakhiwo (i-cardiomyopathy)
• Ukuqokelelwa kolwelo olujikeleze imiphunga (ukungxola)
• Ukonakaliswa kunye nokwandiswa kwemimoya emikhulu yemiphunga (bronchiectasis)
• Kwandiswe iindawo nkovu
• Usuleleko lwethishu yentliziyo okanye ivelufa yentliziyo
• Umhlaza wesisu
• I-Lymphoma esifubeni
• Iziphene zokuzalwa kwentliziyo
• Amathumba, amaqhuqhuva, okanye amaqhakuva esifubeni

I-MRI ayisebenzisi radiation. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho ziphumo bezingalindelekanga ezivela kumazibuthe kunye namaza erediyo axeliweyo.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokuchasana (idayi) elisetyenzisiweyo yi-gadolinium. Kukhuselekile kakhulu. Ukuphendula ngokuchaseneyo nento leyo kunqabile ukwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, i-gadolinium inokuba yingozi kubantu abaneengxaki zezintso abafuna i-dialysis. Ukuba unengxaki yezintso, xelela umboneleli wakho phambi kovavanyo.

Iimpawu zemagneti ezomeleleyo ezenziwe ngexesha le-MRI zinokubangela ukuba iintliziyo zihambe kunye nezinye izinto ezingafakwanga. Inokubangela ukuba iqhekeza lesinyithi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho lihambe okanye litshintshe.

Okwangoku, i-MRI ayithathwa njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokujonga okanye ukubeka esweni utshintsho oluncinci kwimisipha yemiphunga. Imiphunga iqulethe umoya kwaye kunzima ukuyiqikelela. Iskena se-CT sithande ukuba ngcono ekubekeni esweni olu tshintsho.

Ukungancedi kwe-MRI kubandakanya:

• Ixabiso eliphezulu
• Ubude obude bokuskena
• Ubuntununtunu bokuhamba

Isandi senyukliya - isifuba; Imagnetic resonance imaging - isifuba; NMR - isifuba; I-MRI yesifuba; I-MRI yeToracic

• Ukulungiswa kwesisu se-aortic aneurysm - ukukhutshwa okuvulekileyo

• Ukuskena iMRI
• I-Vertebra, i-thoracic (phakathi ngasemva)
• Amalungu Thoracic

UAckman JB. I-Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging: ubuchule kunye nendlela yokuqonda isifo. Ku: UShephard J-AO, uhleliwe. TUkujonga ngohlobo lwehoracic: Izinto ezifunwayo. Ngomhla wesi-3. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 3.

IGotway MB, iPanse PM, iGruden JF, iElicker BM. I-radiology ye-Thoracic: ukucinga okungafunekiyo. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahl 18.