Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha

Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha e-Thyrotoxic yimeko apho kukho iziqendu zobuthathaka obunzima bemisipha. Iyenzeka kubantu abanamanqanaba aphezulu ehomoni yegazi egazini labo (hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis).

Le yimeko enqabileyo eyenzeka kuphela kubantu abanamanqanaba aphezulu e-thyroid (thyrotoxicosis). Amadoda aseAsia okanye inzala yaseSpain achaphazeleka rhoqo. Uninzi lwabantu oluphucula amanqanaba aphezulu e-thyroid alukho emngciphekweni wokukhubazeka ngamaxesha athile.

Kukho ukuphazamiseka okufanayo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-hypokalemic, okanye usapho, ukukhubazeka ngamathuba athile. Yimeko yelifa kwaye ayihambelani namanqanaba aphezulu e-thyroid, kodwa ineempawu ezifanayo.

Imiba yomngcipheko ibandakanya imbali yosapho yokukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha kunye ne-hyperthyroidism.

Iimpawu zibandakanya ukuhlaselwa kobuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukukhubazeka. Uhlaselo luyatshintsha kunye nexesha lokusebenza kwesihlunu esiqhelekileyo. Uhlaselo luhlala luqala emva kokuba iimpawu zehyperthyroidism ziye zaphuhliswa. Iimpawu zehyperthyroid zinokungacacanga.

Ukuhamba rhoqo kohlaselo kuyahluka mihla le ukuya kunyaka. Iziqendu zobuthathaka bemisipha zinokuhlala iiyure ezimbalwa okanye iintsuku ezininzi.

Ubuthathaka okanye ukukhubazeka:

• Uyeza ahambe
• Unokuhlala kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezininzi (ezinqabileyo)
• Ngaba ixhaphake kakhulu emilenzeni kuneengalo
• Ixhaphake kakhulu emagxeni nasezinqeni
• Ngaba ibangelwa kukutya okunzima, okune-carbohydrate eninzi, ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi
• Iyachukunyiswa ngexesha lokuphumla emva kokwenza umthambo

Ezinye iimpawu ezinqabileyo zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Kunzima ukuphefumla
• Ubunzima bokuthetha
• Ukuginya ubunzima
• Umbono utshintsha

Abantu baphaphile ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwaye banokuphendula imibuzo. Amandla aqhelekileyo abuya phakathi kohlaselo. Ubuthathaka bemisipha bunokuphuhla ekuhambeni kwexesha ngokuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiweyo.

Iimpawu zehyperthyroidism zibandakanya:

• Ukubila okugqithisileyo
• Ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukunganyamezelani kobushushu
• Ukwanda kwesidlo
• Ukuphuthelwa
• Ukuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu
• Imvakalelo yokuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo eyomeleleyo (ukubetha kwentliziyo)
• Ukungcangcazela kwesandla
• Ulusu olufudumeleyo nolumanzi
• Ukuhla ukusinda

Umboneleli wezempilo unokurhanela ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha e-thyrotoxic ngokusekwe:

• Amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid engaqhelekanga
• Imbali yosapho yokuphazamiseka
• Inqanaba le-potassium ephantsi ngexesha lokuhlaselwa
• Iimpawu eziza kwaye zihambe ngeziqendu

Ukuxilongwa kubandakanya ukulawula ukuphazamiseka okunxulumene ne-potassium ephantsi.

Umboneleli unokuzama ukuqala uhlaselo ngokunika i-insulin kunye neswekile (iswekile, enciphisa inqanaba le-potassium) okanye idlala lengqula.

Imiqondiso elandelayo inokubonwa ngexesha lokuhlaselwa:

• Ukuhla okanye ukungabikho kwengqondo
• Iimpawu zentliziyo
• I-potassium ephantsi kwigazi (amanqanaba e-potassium aqhelekileyo phakathi kokuhlaselwa)

Phakathi kokuhlaselwa, uviwo luqhelekile. Okanye, kunokubakho iimpawu zehyperthyroidism, ezinje ngenguqu eyandisiweyo ye-thyroid emehlweni, ukungcangcazela, ukutshintsha kweenwele kunye nezipikili.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo sehyperthyroidism:

• Amanqanaba aphezulu ehomoni ye-thyroid (T3 okanye T4)
• I-serum ephantsi ye-TSH (i-thyroid evuselela i-hormone)
• Ukuthathwa kwe-thyroid kunye nokuskena

Ezinye iziphumo zovavanyo:

• I-electrocardiogram engaqhelekanga (ECG) ngexesha lokuhlaselwa
• I-electromyogram engaqhelekanga (EMG) ngexesha lokuhlaselwa
• I-potassium ye-serum ephantsi ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, kodwa iqhelekile phakathi kohlaselo

Ngamanye amaxesha kuthathwa i-biopsy yemisipha.

I-Potassium nayo kufuneka inikwe ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, rhoqo ngomlomo. Ukuba ubuthathaka bunzima, unokufuna ukufumana i-potassium nge-vein (IV). Qaphela: Kuya kufuneka ufumane i-IV kuphela ukuba umsebenzi wezintso uqhelekile kwaye ubekwe esweni esibhedlele.

Ubuthathaka obubandakanya izihlunu ezisetyenziselwa ukuphefumla okanye ukuginya kungxamiseko. Abantu mabasiwe esibhedlele. Ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo kunokubakho ngexesha lokuhlaselwa.

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa ukutya okune-carbohydrate encinci kunye netyuwa ukunqanda uhlaselo. Amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-beta-blockers anokunciphisa inani kunye nokuqina kohlaselo ngelixa i-hyperthyroidism yakho iphantsi kolawulo.

I-Acetazolamide iyasebenza ekuthinteleni uhlaselo kubantu abakhubazeke ngamalungu osapho ngamaxesha athile. Ihlala ingasebenzi kukukhubazeka kwamaxesha e-thyrotoxic.

Ukuba uhlaselo alunyangeki kwaye izihlunu zokuphefumla ziyachaphazeleka, ukufa kunokwenzeka.

Ukuhlaselwa okungapheliyo ngokuhamba kwexesha kunokukhokelela kubuthathaka bemisipha. Obu buthathaka bunokuqhubeka nokuba phakathi kokuhlaselwa ukuba i-thyrotoxicosis ayinyangwa.

Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha kuyasabela kakuhle kunyango. Ukunyanga i-hyperthyroidism kuya kuthintela uhlaselo. Isenokude iguqule ubuthathaka bemisipha.

Ukukhubazeka okungafunyanwanga okwenzeka rhoqo emva kwexesha kunokukhokelela ku:

• Kunzima ukuphefumla, ukuthetha, okanye ukuginya ngexesha lokuhlaselwa (kunqabile)
• I-arrhythmias yentliziyo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha buba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha

Fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911) okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba unamaxesha obuthathaka kwezihlunu. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba unembali yosapho yokukhubazeka okwenziwa ngamaxesha athile okanye ukuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid.

Iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo zibandakanya:

• Kunzima ukuphefumla, ukuthetha, okanye ukuginya
• Ukuwa ngenxa yobuthathaka bemisipha

Ingcebiso ngemfuzo inokucetyiswa. Ukunyanga isifo se-thyroid kuthintela ukuhlaselwa kobuthathaka.

Ukukhubazeka kwexesha - i-thyrotoxic; Hyperthyroidism - ukukhubazeka ngamaxesha athile

• Idlala lengqula

IHollenberg A, iWiersinga WM. Ukuphazamiseka kwehyperthyroid. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 12.

IKerchner GA, iPtacek LJ. I-Channelopathies: i-episodic kunye nokuphazamiseka kombane kwenkqubo ye-neva. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 99.

USelcen D. Izifo zemisipha. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 393.