Ukhuthazo olunzulu lweBongo (DBS)

Umxholo

• Isebenza njani inkuthazo yobuchopho
• Injongo
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
• Zithini iingcali
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni eyonyuselo lobuchopho obunzulu?

Inkuthazo yobuchopho obunzulu (i-DBS) ibonakalisiwe njengeyona nto inokukhetha kubantu abathile abanokudakumba. Ekuqaleni oogqirha basebenzise ukunceda ukulawula isifo sikaParkinson. Kwi-DBS, ugqirha ufaka ii-electrode ezincinci kwinxalenye yengqondo elawula imeko-bume. Abanye oogqirha basebenzise i-DBS ukusukela nge1980s, kodwa yinkqubo enqabileyo. Nangona amanqanaba empumelelo yexesha elide engekagqitywa, abanye oogqirha bacebisa i-DBS njengolunye unyango kwizigulana zonyango lwangaphambili olungaphumelelanga.

Isebenza njani inkuthazo yobuchopho

Ugqirha ugqirha efaka ii-electrode ezincinci kwi-nucleus accumbens, engummandla wobuchopho onoxanduva loku:

• I-dopamine kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-serotonin
• inkuthazo
• imo

Inkqubo ifuna amanyathelo amaninzi. Okokuqala, ugqirha ubeka ii-electrode. Emva koko, kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva bafaka iingcingo kunye nepakethi yebhetri. Ii-electrode zixhunywe ngocingo kwizixhobo ezinjenge-pacemaker ezifakwe esifubeni ezihambisa iimpompo zombane kwingqondo. Iipulse, ezihanjiswa ngokubanzi zihlala zibonakala zivimba ukudubula kwee-neurons kwaye zibuyisele imetabolism yengqondo kwimeko yokulingana. Isincedisi-ntliziyo singacwangciswa kwaye silawulwe ngaphandle komzimba ngesixhobo esiphathwayo.

Nangona oogqirha bengaqinisekanga ncam ukuba kutheni ukubetha kwentliziyo kunceda ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ubuchopho, unyango lubonakala luphucula imeko kwaye linika umntu imeko ezolileyo.

Injongo

Kwezilingo ezininzi zeklinikhi ze-DBS, abantu baxele uxinzelelo lokudakumba kunye nokonyuka okubonakalayo komgangatho wobomi. Ukongeza kuxinzelelo, oogqirha basebenzisa i-DBS ukunyanga abantu abane:

• ubume obungalunganga obuphambanisayo
• Isifo sikaParkinson kunye nedystonia
• ixhala
• ukuxhuzula
• igazi elonyukayo

I-DBS lukhetho kubantu abanexinzelelo olunganyangekiyo okanye olunganyangekiyo. Oogqirha bancomela iikhosi ezandisiweyo zonyango lwengqondo kunye nonyango lweziyobisi ngaphambi kokujonga i-DBS kuba ibandakanya inkqubo yotyando engenayo kunye namazinga empumelelo ayahluka. Ubudala ngokuqhelekileyo ayisiyongxaki, kodwa oogqirha bancomela ukuba ube sempilweni ngokwaneleyo ukuba umelane notyando olukhulu.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

I-DBS yaziwa ngokubanzi njengenkqubo ekhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lotyando lobuchopho, iingxaki zihlala zivela. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-DBS zibandakanya:

• ukopha ebuchotsheni
• icala
• usulelo
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iingxaki zokuthetha
• Imiba yoluvo okanye yolawulo lwemoto

Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele yimfuneko yoqhaqho olulandelayo. Isixhobo sokubeka esibeleni esifubeni sinokuqhekeka, kwaye iibhetri zaso zihlala phakathi kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezili-18. Ii-electrode ezifakiweyo zisenokufuna ukulungiswa ukuba unyango alubonakali lusebenza. Kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukuba uphilile ngokwaneleyo ukuba ungatyandwa okwesibini okanye okwesithathu.

Zithini iingcali

Kuba izifundo zexesha elide kunye novavanyo lweklinikhi lubonisa iziphumo ezahlukileyo nge-DBS, oogqirha banokukhomba kwimpumelelo yabo okanye ekusileleni kwabo ngenkqubo. UGqirha Joseph J.Amaphiko, inkosi yezokuziphatha esibhedlele saseNew York-Presbyterian Hospital / eWeill Cornell Centre, ithi ukusebenzisa i-DBS kwizigulo zengqondo nezeemvakalelo kufuneka "kuvavanywe ngokwaneleyo ngaphambi kokuba kubizwe ngokuba lunyango."

Ezinye iingcali zicinga ukuba i-DBS lukhetho olusebenzayo kubantu abangaboni mpumelelo ngezinye iindlela zonyango. UGqirha Ali R. Rezai weCleveland Clinic uthi iDBS “inethemba lokunyanga ukudakumba okunganyangekiyo.”

Ukuthatha

I-DBS yinkqubo yotyando engafunekiyo eneziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Uphengululo kunye nezimvo zixubene kwicandelo lezonyango. Inye into oogqirha abaninzi bayavumelana ngayo kukuba i-DBS kufuneka ibe lukhetho olukude ekunyangeni uxinzelelo kwaye abantu kufuneka baphonononge amayeza kunye nonyango lwengqondo ngaphambi kokukhetha inkqubo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ucinga ukuba i-DBS inokuba lukhetho kuwe.