Yintoni i-DEXA Scan?

Umxholo

• Ingaba ibiza malini?
• Unyango
• Yintoni injongo yokuskena?
• Xa ugqirha wakho eyalela i-DEXA
• Ukulinganisa ukubunjwa komzimba
• Ulungiselela njani ukuskena i-DEXA?
• Injani inkqubo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ukuskena i-DEXA luhlobo oluchanekileyo oluphezulu lweX-ray olulinganisa uxinano lweethambo kunye nokulahleka kwethambo. Ukuba ubungakanani bamathambo akho bungaphantsi kunesiqhelo kubudala bakho, oko kubonisa umngcipheko we-osteoporosis kunye nethambo lokwaphuka.

I-DEXA imele amandla e-X-ray absorptiometry. Obu buchule buye basebenziselwa urhwebo ngo-1987. Ithumela imitha emibini ye-X-ray kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zamandla aphezulu kumathambo ekujoliswe kuwo.

Incopho enye ifunxwa ziithishu ezithambileyo kwaye enye ithambo. Xa isixa sokuthambisa izicwili esithambileyo sisuswe ekufunxweni ngokupheleleyo, intsalela kukuxinana kwethambo lakho.

Uvavanyo alunasive, luyakhawuleza, kwaye luchanekile kune-X-ray eqhelekileyo. Kubandakanya inqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu lemitha.

Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) waseka i-DEXA njengeyona ndlela yokuvavanya uxinano lweemaminerali kubafazi abasemva kwemini. I-DEXA ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-DXA okanye ithambo le-densitometry.

Ingaba ibiza malini?

Iindleko zokuvavanywa kwe-DEXA ziyahluka, ngokuxhomekeka apho uhlala khona kunye nohlobo lwesibonelelo esenza uvavanyo.

Iinkampani zeinshurensi zihlala zigubungela zonke okanye inxenye yeendleko ukuba ugqirha wakho uyalele ukuskena njengoko kufanelekile ngokwezonyango. Nge-inshurensi, unokuba nayo ikopi.

IBhodi yaseMelika yoNyango lwaNgaphakathi iqikelela i-125 yedola njengesiqhelo esivela ngaphandle kwepokotho. Amanye amaziko anokubiza imali eninzi kakhulu. Kungcono ujonge umboneleli wakho wezempilo, kwaye ukuba kuyenzeka, thengisa.

Unyango

Icandelo leMedicare B ligubungela ngokupheleleyo uvavanyo lwe-DEXA kube kanye kwiminyaka emibini, okanye rhoqo ukuba kunyanzelekile ngokwezonyango, ukuba udibana ubuncinci kule nqobo:

• Ugqirha wakho umisela ukuba usengozini ye-osteoporosis, esekwe kwimbali yakho yonyango.
• X-reyi zibonisa ukuba nokwenzeka kwamathambo, osteopenia, okanye ukwaphuka.
• Uthatha ichiza le-steroid, njenge-prednisone.
• Unayo i-hyperparathyroidism ephambili.
• Ugqirha wakho ufuna ukubeka esweni ukubona ukuba ichiza lakho le-osteoporosis liyasebenza.

Yintoni injongo yokuskena?

Ukuskena i-DEXA kusetyenziswa ukumisela umngcipheko we-osteoporosis kunye nethambo lokwaphuka. Ingasetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni ukuba ngaba unyango lwakho lwe-osteoporosis luyasebenza. Ngokwesiqhelo ukuskena kuya kujolisa kumqolo kunye nasezinqeni.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-X-ray esemgangathweni esetyenzisiweyo ngaphambi kokuphuhliswa kwetekhnoloji ye-DEXA ikwazile ukubona ukulahleka kwethambo okungaphezulu kuneepesenti ezingama-40. I-DEXA inokulinganisa ngepesenti ezi-2 ukuya kwiipesenti ezi-4 ngokuchanekileyo.

Phambi kwe-DEXA, uphawu lokuqala lokulahleka koxinano lweethambo kunokuba xa umntu omdala ephule ithambo.

Xa ugqirha wakho eyalela i-DEXA

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuskena i-DEXA:

• ukuba ungumfazi ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 okanye indoda engaphezu kwama-70, esi sisindululo se-National Osteoporosis Foundation kunye namanye amaqela ezonyango
• ukuba uneempawu ze-osteoporosis
• ukuba wophula ithambo emva kweminyaka engama-50
• ukuba uyindoda eneminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-59 okanye owasetyhini osele exesheni ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 enobungozi

Imiba yomngcipheko wamathambo ibandakanya:

• ukusetyenziswa kwecuba kunye notywala
• ukusetyenziswa kwee-corticosteroids kunye nezinye iziyobisi
• ubunzima bomzimba ophantsi
• ezinye izifo, ezinjengesifo samathambo
• ukungasebenzi
• Imbali yosapho ye-osteoporosis
• ukwaphuka kwangaphambili
• ukulahleka kobude obungaphezulu kwe-intshi

Ukulinganisa ukubunjwa komzimba

Olunye usetyenziso lwezikena ze-DEXA kukulinganisa ukubumba komzimba, izihlunu ezomileyo, kunye nezicwili ezinamanqatha. I-DEXA ichaneke ngakumbi kunesalathiso somzimba wesiko (BMI) ekumiseleni amafutha amaninzi. Umfanekiso opheleleyo womzimba unokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ukomeleza izihlunu.

Ulungiselela njani ukuskena i-DEXA?

Izikena ze-DEXA zihlala zisebenza ngaphandle. Akukho malungiselelo akhethekileyo afunekayo, ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuthatha naziphi na izongezo zekhalsiyam iiyure ezingama-24 phambi kovavanyo.

Nxiba iimpahla ezintle. Kuxhomekeka kwindawo yomzimba ekhangelwe, kuya kufuneka ukhulule naziphi na iimpahla ezinesinyithi, iiziphu, okanye amagwegwe. Ingcali ingakucela ukuba ususe nabuphi na ubucwebe okanye ezinye izinto, ezinje ngezitshixo, ezinokuba nezentsimbi. Unokunikwa ingubo yasesibhedlele oza kuyinxiba ngexesha loviwo.

Yazisa ugqirha wakho kwangaphambili ukuba une-CT scan efuna ukusetyenziswa kwento eyahlukileyo okanye ube novavanyo lwe-barium. Banokucela ukuba ulinde iintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokucwangcisa ukuskena kwe-DEXA.

Kuya kufuneka uxelele ugqirha ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ukrokrela ukuba ukhulelwe. Banokufuna ukumisela ukuskenwa kwe-DEXA de kube emva kokuba unomntwana okanye uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko.

Injani inkqubo?

Izixhobo ze-DEXA zibandakanya itafile ethe tyaba eleleyo. Ingalo ehambayo ngasentla ibambe isixhobo sokujonga iX-ray. Isixhobo esivelisa iX-reyi singaphantsi kwetafile.

Ingcali iya kukubeka etafileni. Banokubeka i-wedge phantsi kwamadolo akho ukukunceda ucofe umqolo wakho kumfanekiso, okanye ubeke umlenze wakho. Banokubeka ingalo yakho ukuskena.

Ingcali iya kucela ukuba ubambe cwaka ngeli xesha ingalo yokucinga ngaphezulu ihamba kancinci emzimbeni wakho. Inqanaba le-X-ray liphantsi ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela uchwepheshe ukuba ahlale egumbini kunye nawe ngelixa uqhuba isixhobo.

Yonke le nkqubo ithatha nje imizuzu embalwa.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Iziphumo zakho ze-DEXA ziya kufundwa yi-radiologist kwaye zinikwe wena nogqirha wakho kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Inkqubo yokufaka amanqaku kuvavanyo lokulinganisa ukusilela kwethambo lakho kumntu omdala osempilweni, ngokwemigangatho esekwe yi-WHO. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngamanqaku akho e-T. Kukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo phakathi kokulahleka kwethambo kunye nomndilili.

• Amanqaku e- -1 okanye ngaphezulu ithathwa njengesiqhelo.
• Amanqaku phakathi -1.1 kunye -2.4 ithathwa njenge-osteopenia, ukwanda kwengozi yokwaphuka.
• Amanqaku e- -2.5 nangaphantsi ithathwa njenge-osteoporosis, umngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuka.

Iziphumo zakho zinokukunika amanqaku e-Z, athelekisa ukulahleka kwethambo lakho nakwabanye abakwiqela lakho leminyaka.

Amanqaku e-T ngumlinganiso wobungozi obunxulumene, hayi ukubikezela ukuba uya kuba nokwahlukana.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuhamba nawe kwiziphumo zovavanyo. Baza kuxoxa ukuba ngaba unyango luyimfuneko na, kwaye zeziphi iindlela zonyango onokuthi ukhethe kuzo. Ugqirha unokufuna ukulandela iskena sesibini se-DEXA kwiminyaka emibini, ukulinganisa naluphi na utshintsho.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa i-osteopenia okanye i-osteoporosis, ugqirha wakho uya kuxoxa nawe ngento onokuyenza ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwethambo kwaye uhlale usempilweni.

Unyango lunokubandakanya utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila. Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uqale umthambo othwala ubunzima, umthambo wokulinganisa, owomeleza umthambo, okanye inkqubo yokwehlisa umzimba.

Ukuba ivithamin D yakho okanye amanqanaba e-calcium asezantsi, anokukuqala kwizongezo.

Ukuba i-osteoporosis yakho iba qatha, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba uthathe elinye lamachiza enzelwe ukomeleza amathambo kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwethambo. Qiniseka ukuba ubuza malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zalo naluphi na unyango lweziyobisi.

Ukwenza utshintsho kwimpilo yakho okanye ukuqala amayeza ukunceda ukucothisa ukulahleka kwethambo lwakho kutyalo-mali olulungileyo kwimpilo yakho nakwimpilo yakho ende. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-50 zabasetyhini kunye neepesenti ezingama-25 zamadoda ngaphezulu kwama-50 ziya kwaphula ithambo ngenxa ye-osteoporosis, ngokwe-National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF).

Kuyanceda ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nezifundo ezitsha kunye nonyango olutsha olunokwenzeka. Ukuba unomdla wokuthetha nabanye abantu abane-osteoporosis, i-NOF inamaqela enkxaso kwilizwe liphela.