I-Dexamethasone, iThebhulethi yomlomo

Umxholo

• Amagqabantshintshi e-dexamethasone
• Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo
• Yintoni i-dexamethasone?
• Kutheni isetyenziswa
• Ingaba isebenza kanjani
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeDexamethasone
• Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu
• I-Dexamethasone inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• Iziyobisi ezichasayo
• Abacoci begazi
• Iziyobisi cholesterol
• Iziyobisi zecushing's syndrome
• Iziyobisi zeswekile
• I-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi)
• Iziyobisi zokuxhuzula
• Iziyobisi zentliziyo
• IHormone
• Iziyobisi ze-HIV
• Ii-NSAID
• Iziyobisi zesifo sephepha
• Isitofu
• Ezinye iziyobisi
• Izilumkiso zeDexamethasone
• Izifo zomzimba
• Kubantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo
• Abafazi abakhulelweyo
• Kubafazi abancancisayo
• Kubantu abadala
• Nini ukubiza ugqirha wakho
• Ungayithatha njani i-dexamethasone
• Isisombululo sokuvuvukala kunye nezinye iimeko
• Thatha njengoko kuyalelwe
• Ukuba uyeka ukuthatha iyeza ngesiquphe okanye ungathathi kwaphela
• Ukuba uphosa idosi okanye awuthathi ichiza kwishedyuli
• Ukuba uthatha kakhulu
• Yintoni omele uyenze xa uphosa idosi
• Ungaxela njani ukuba ichiza liyasebenza
• Ukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo kokuthatha i-dexamethasone
• Ngokubanzi
• Ukugcina
• Ukuzalisa kwakhona
• Ukuhamba
• Ukubeka iliso kwezonyango
• Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindlela?

UQINISEKISO lweklinikhi yeYunivesithi yaseOxford lufumene ukuba idosi yedeksethasone yedosi esezantsi inyusa ithuba lokusinda kwizigulana ezine-COVID-19 ezifuna inkxaso yokuphefumla.

Kuphononongo, iyeza lanciphisa inani lokufa ngesinye kwisithathu sabantu abakwi-ventilator, nangesiqingatha sesihlanu sabantu abakwioksijini. Akukho sibonelelo safunyanwa kubantu abangazange bafune inkxaso yokuphefumla. Sukusebenzisa la mayeza ukunyanga i-COVID-19 ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha ucebisa ukuba wenze njalo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-dexamethasone ye-COVID-19, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Jonga uhlaziyo lwethu lwangoku ngolwazi lwangoku ngokuqhambuka kwe-COVID-19 (isigulo esibangelwe yi-coronavirus entsha). Ngolwazi malunga nokulungiselela, iingcebiso kuthintelo kunye nonyango, kunye neengcebiso zeengcali, ndwendwela indawo yethu ye-COVID-19.

Amagqabantshintshi e-dexamethasone

1. Ithebhulethi yomlomo yeDexamethasone iyafumaneka njengesiyobisi esine generic kunye negama lophawu. Igama lebrand: DexPak.
2. I-Dexamethasone iza njengecwecwe lomlomo, isisombululo somlomo, ukuhla kwamehlo, kunye neendlebe. Ikwafumaneka njengesisombululo esitofwayo okanye isisombululo se-intraocular esinikwe emva kotyando. Ezi fom zimbini zinikwa kuphela ngumboneleli wezempilo.
3. Ithebhulethi yomlomo yeDexamethasone isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezininzi. Oku kubandakanya ukudumba, ukungahambelani komzimba, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesilonda esibuhlungu. Babandakanya ukungoneliseki kwe-adrenal.

Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo

• Ukunyanga komzimba: I-Dexamethasone inokubangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, irhashalala, okanye ulusu olurhawuzayo, okanye uqaphele ukudumba kweengalo, iinyawo, okanye ulwimi, biza ugqirha wakho kwangoko. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba iimpawu zakho ziziva zisongela ubomi okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unempilo kaxakeka.
• Umonakalo wentliziyo: Ukuba kutshanje unesifo sentliziyo, unokuba semngciphekweni wokonyuka komonakalo wentliziyo kwesi siyobisi. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale eli chiza, qiniseka ukuba ugqirha uyazi ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.
• Usulelo: I-Dexamethasone inokugubungela okanye yenze mandundu izifo ezithile. Ukongeza, usulelo luyakhula ngexesha lonyango. Sukusebenzisa eli chiza ukuba unesifo sokungunda, okanye imbali yosulelo lwe-parasite okanye isifo sephepha. Tshela ugqirha wakho malunga naziphi na izifo ezidlulileyo okanye usulelo.
• Iingxaki zamehlo: Sebenzisa i-dexamethasone ixesha elide kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zamehlo ezinje ngamehlo okanye i-glaucoma. Isilwayo sinokubangela nokonakala kwimithambo-luvo ye-optic, okanye usuleleko lokungunda okanye lamehlo wentsholongwane.
• Imasisi okanye irhashalala: Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba awunayo inkukhu okanye imasisi, okanye ukuba awunazo izitofu zokuzikhusela. Unokuba neenguqulelo ezinzulu zezi zifo ukuba unayo xa uthatha i-dexamethasone.

Yintoni i-dexamethasone?

Dexamethasone - amayeza kagqirha. Iyafumaneka njengecwecwe lomlomo, isisombululo somlomo, ukuhla kwamehlo, kunye neendlebe. Ikwafumaneka njengesisombululo esitofwayo okanye isisombululo se-intraocular esinikwe emva kotyando. Ezi fom zimbini zokugqibela zinikwa kuphela ngumboneleli wezempilo.

Ithebhulethi ye-dexamethasone iyafumaneka njengechiza elinegama lophawu IDexPak. Ikwafumaneka njengechiza elenza la machiza. Amachiza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi ahlala exabisa ixabiso lawo kunexabiso lawo. Ngamanye amaxesha, azinakufumaneka kuwo onke amandla okanye iifom njengegama legama lophawu.

Kutheni isetyenziswa

Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-dexamethasone isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezibangela ukudumba, iimeko ezinxulumene nomsebenzi wamajoni omzimba, kunye nokusilela kwehomoni. Ezi meko zibandakanya:

• ukudumba
• negazi lakho
• i-rheumatoid arthritis kunye nezinye izifo ze-rheumatic, kubandakanya i-ankylosing spondylitis, i-psoriatic arthritis, i-juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupus kunye ne-gouty arthritis
• izifo zolusu, ezinje nge-atopic dermatitis (eczema), pemphigus, erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), exfoliative dermatitis, bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, severe seborrheic dermatitis, severe psoriasis, okanye mycosis fungoides
• Ukuqhuma kwesifo samathumbu, njenge-ulcerative colitis
• Ukuqhuma kwe-multiple sclerosis okanye i-myasthenia gravis
• unyango lwe-chemotherapy ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kumayeza omhlaza
• ezithile leukemias kunye lymphomas
• ukungabikho kwe-adrenal (imeko apho i-adrenal glands ayivelisi i-hormone eyaneleyo)

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

I-Dexamethasone ikudidi lweziyobisi ekuthiwa zii-steroids. Iklasi leziyobisi liqela lamayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo. La machiza ahlala esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezifanayo.

• Ngeemeko zokudumba: Ngeemeko ezithile, ukudumba kunokubangela ukuba amajoni omzimba asebenze kakhulu. Oku kungonakalisa izicubu zomzimba. I-Steroids enjenge-dexamethasone inceda ukuvimba impendulo yamajoni omzimba kukudumba, okunceda ukuthintela lo monakalo.
• Ukungoneliseki kwe-adrenal: I-adrenal gland inceda ukulawula imisebenzi ethile yomzimba. Le misebenzi ibandakanya ukulawula i-glucose yegazi, ukulwa nosulelo kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo. Kubantu abane-adrenal insufficiency, i-adrenal gland ikhupha ixabiso elincinci lamahomoni athile. I-Dexamethasone inceda ukubuyisela ezi hormone.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeDexamethasone

Ithebhulethi yomlomo yeDexamethasone ayibangeli ukozela, kodwa inokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ezinokuthi zenzeke ngeepilisi zomlomo ze-dexamethasone ziquka:

• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• isisu esibuhlungu
• ukudumba (i-edema)
• intloko ebuhlungu
• isiyezi
• Utshintsho lweemvakalelo, ezinje ngokudakumba, ukutshintsha kwemood, okanye utshintsho kubuntu
• ingxaki yokulala
• ixhala
• amanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium (ebangela iimpawu ezinjengokudinwa)
• iswekile yegazi ephezulu
• igazi elonyukayo

Ukuba ezi ziphumo zincinci, zinokuhamba zingaphelanga iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Ukuba zinzima kakhulu okanye azihambi, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu

Shayela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unemiphumo emibi. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba iimpawu zakho ziziva zisongela ubomi okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unempilo kaxakeka. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu kunye neempawu zazo zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga
• Isiyezi esingaqhelekanga
• Ukuqunjelwa okungaqhelekanga. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • isisu esibuhlungu
  • isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• Igazi kwisitulo sakho, okanye ilindle emnyama
• Igazi kumchamo wakho
• Ukopha okungaqhelekanga okanye ukugruzuka
• Ukudumba okungaqhelekanga kuwo wonke umzimba wakho, okanye ukuqunjelwa esiswini sakho (indawo yesisu)
• Usulelo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ifiva
  • iintlungu zemisipha
  • intlungu edibeneyo
• Utshintsho lwemood okanye iingcinga, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemood njengoxinzelelo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • Utshintsho olukhulu lweemvakalelo
  • imincili (imvakalelo yolonwabo olukhulu)
  • ingxaki yokulala
  • utshintsho kubuntu
• Impendulo enamandla kakhulu. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ifiva
  • ingxaki yokuphefumla
• Ukungabikho kwe-adrenal. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ukudinwa
  • isicaphucaphu
  • umbala omnyama wolusu
  • isiyezi xa umi
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo (lunokwenzeka ngokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide)
• Izilonda esiswini. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • iintlungu esiswini (indawo yesisu)
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
  • ukudinwa
  • imilenze idumbile
  • ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• I-Osteoporosis (ukunciphisa amathambo)

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zichaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu lwazi lubandakanya zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka kunye nomboneleli wezempilo oyaziyo imbali yakho yezonyango.

I-Dexamethasone inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza

I-Dexamethasone tablet yomlomo inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza, iivithamini, okanye imifuno onokuthi uyithathe. Unxibelelwano kuxa into isitshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo iyeza. Oku kunokuba yingozi okanye kuthintele ichiza ekusebenzeni kakuhle.

Ukukunceda ukunqanda ukusebenzisana, ugqirha wakho kufuneka alawule onke amayeza ngononophelo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, okanye imifuno oyithathayo. Ukufumanisa ukuba eli chiza linokusebenzisana njani nenye into oyithathayo, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

Imizekelo yamachiza anokubangela ukuhlangana kunye ne-dexamethasone zidweliswe apha ngezantsi.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane

Erythromycin isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Xa isetyenziswa nge-dexamethasone, eli chiza linokunyusa inani le-dexamethasone emzimbeni wakho. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziyobisi ezichasayo

Xa isetyenziswa nge-dexamethasone, amachiza athile asetyenziselwa ukunyanga usulelo lomngundo anokunyusa inqanaba le-dexamethasone egazini lakho. Oku kunokuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• ketoconazole
• itraconazole
• posaconazole
• voriconazole

Amphotericin B lelinye ichiza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zokungunda. Sebenzisa eli chiza nge-dexamethasone kunyusa umngcipheko wamanqanaba asezantsi e-potassium. (I-Potassium yiminerali enceda imithambo-luvo yakho, izihlunu, kunye namalungu asebenze ngesiqhelo.) Oku kunokubangela ukuxunana kwezihlunu, ubuthathaka, ukudinwa, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.

Abacoci begazi

Sebenzisa i-dexamethasone enezinto ezithile ezinciphisa igazi kunokunciphisa amanqanaba ala machiza emzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokubenza bangasebenzi kakuhle, kwaye kuphakamise umngcipheko wamahlwili okanye ukubetha. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• mzantsi
• irivaroxaban powder

IWarfarin ikwasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa igazi. Sebenzisa i-dexamethasone neli chiza kunokubangela utshintsho kumngcipheko wokopha. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukujonga ngokusondeleyo.

Iziyobisi cholesterol

Ukuba uthatha i-dexamethasone kunye neziyobisi ezithile ezisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-cholesterol, inokugcina umzimba wakho ungafunxi i-dexamethasone kakuhle. Oku kunokugcina i-dexamethasone ekusebenzeni kakuhle. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• cholestyramine
• iqecqsi
• icolestipol

Iziyobisi zecushing's syndrome

Aminoglutethimide isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ze-Cushing's syndrome (isifo se-adrenal gland). Sebenzisa eli chiza nge-dexamethasone kunokunciphisa inani le-dexamethasone emzimbeni wakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba isenokungasebenzi ngokunjalo.

Iziyobisi zeswekile

I-Dexamethasone inokunyusa iswekile yegazi lakho. Ukuba uthatha amayeza eswekile, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha idosi. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• Iimpawu ze-amylin, ezinje:
  • inyani
• izinto ezinkulu, ezinje:
  • metformin
• I-GLP-1 agonists, enje:
  • exenatide
  • liraglutide
  • ilexisenatide
• I-DPP4 inhibitors, ezinje:
  • sifumpa
  • iseclipin
  • insulin
• meglitinides, ezinje:
  • yeza
  • ipharamikhi
• sulfonylureas, ezinje:
  • glimepiride
  • glipizide
  • glyburide
• I-SGLT-2 inhibitors, enje nge:
  • canagliflozin
  • dapagliflozin
  • imvuliso
• thiazolidinediones, ezinje:
  • mzantsiweb
  • rosiglitazone

I-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi)

Xa zisetyenziswa nge-dexamethasone, la machiza anciphisa amanqanaba e-potassium yomzimba wakho. (I-Potassium yiminerali enceda imithambo-luvo yakho, izihlunu, kunye namalungu asebenze ngesiqhelo.) Oku kunokubangela ukuxunana kwezihlunu, ubuthathaka, ukudinwa, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• bumetanide
• mzantsiweb
• Ihydrochlorothiazide

Iziyobisi zokuxhuzula

Xa zisetyenziswa nge-dexamethasone, amachiza athile asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sokuwa angathoba inqanaba le-dexamethasone egazini lakho. Oku kungagcina i-dexamethasone ekusebenzeni kakuhle. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• Yenyani
• fosphenytoin
• ifumanobarbital
• icarbazazepine

Iziyobisi zentliziyo

I-Digoxin isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo. Ukuthatha eli chiza nge-dexamethasone kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga okubangelwa ngamanqanaba asezantsi e-potassium. (I-Potassium yiminerali enceda imithambo-luvo yakho, izihlunu, kunye namalungu asebenze ngesiqhelo.)

IHormone

Ukuthatha iihormoni ezithile nge-dexamethasone kunokubangela ukwehla kwamanqanaba ala mahomoni emzimbeni wakho. Ugqirha wakho unokuhlengahlengisa idosi yakho nokuba yeyiphi na i-dexamethasone okanye amayeza e-hormone. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• ii-estrogens
• izinto zokucwangcisa ngomlomo

Iziyobisi ze-HIV

Ukuthatha amachiza athile asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HIV nge-dexamethasone kunokunciphisa amanqanaba ala machiza emzimbeni wakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle, kwaye umzimba wakho ungayeka ukuphendula kumayeza akho e-HIV. Ugqirha wakho unokukuphepha ukusebenzisa la mayeza nge-dexamethasone. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• protease inhibitors, ezinje:
  • mzing
  • darunavir
  • fosamprenavir
  • eyifuman
  • mzwqdb
  • ritonavir
  • iqequa
  • sifumlo
  • sifumacube
• i-non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, enje nge:
  • etravirine
• ii-inhibitors zokungena, ezinje:
  • okanye
• integrase inhibitors, ezinje:
  • elvityebdi

Ii-NSAID

Sebenzisa iziyobisi ezichasayo (ii-NSAID) nge-dexamethasone kuphakamisa umngcipheko wesisu. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba ungathatha la machiza kunye. Imizekelo yee-NSAID zibandakanya:

• Iasprini
• ibuprofen
• indomethacin
• iqeqsha

Iziyobisi zesifo sephepha

Xa zisetyenziswa nge-dexamethasone, amachiza athile asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sephepha (i-TB) angathoba amanqanaba e-dexamethasone egazini lakho. Oku kungagcina i-dexamethasone ekusebenzeni kakuhle. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• rifampin
• mzantsiweb
• yifumacentine

Isoniazid lelinye iyeza le-TB. Xa isetyenziswe nge-dexamethasone, amanqanaba e-isoniazid anokuhla. Oku kunokugcina i-isoniazid ekusebenzeni kakuhle.

Isitofu

Kulumkele ukufumana izitofu zokugonya eziphilayo xa uthatha i-dexamethasone. Ngezigonyo eziphilayo, utofwe yintsholongwane ukuze umzimba wakho ufunde ukulwa nayo.

Akufanele ufumane ezi zitofu ngelixa usebenzisa i-dexamethasone kuba ichiza liyenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, umzimba wakho ngekhe ukwazi ukulwa ngokufanelekileyo isitofu sokugonya, kwaye kunokukugulisa.

Amayeza okugonya aphilayo ekufuneka uwaphephe ngelixa uthatha i-dexamethasone ibandakanya:

• imasisi, uqwilikana, irubella (MMR)
• umkhuhlane we-intranasal (FluMist)
• ingqakaqha
• iqhwiqhwi
• ukujikeleza
• umkhuhlane omthubi
• typhoid

Ezinye iziyobisi

I-Aspirin sisiyobisi esichasayo (i-NSAID). Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu, kunye nokunciphisa igazi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. I-Dexamethasone inokuwanciphisa amanqanaba e-aspirin. Oku kunokwenza iasprini isebenze kancinci kwaye inyuse umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Kwakhona, iasprini inokuwunyusa umngcipheko wokopha kwizilonda esiswini (izilonda) xa isetyenziswa nge-dexamethasone. Ukuba uthatha iasprini, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba ikhuselekile na i-dexamethasone.

Thalidomide isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izilonda zesikhumba kunye ne-myeloma eninzi. Ukudibanisa kunye ne-dexamethasone kunokubangela i-necrolysis enetyhefu. Le meko yolusu inokubusongela ubomi. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukumisela zombini ezi ziyobisi, baya kulumka malunga neziphumo zokudityaniswa kunokubangela.

ICclosporine isetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukwaliwa komzimba kwizigulana ezifakwayo, kunye nokunyanga isifo samathambo okanye ukhwekhwe. Ukuthatha eli chiza nge-dexamethasone kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba amajoni akho omzimba acinezelwe (awusebenzi kakuhle). Oku kuya kuphakamisa umngcipheko wosulelo. Kuye kwaxelwa ukuxhuzula xa la machiza esetyenziswa kunye.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zinxibelelana ngokwahlukileyo kumntu ngamnye, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu lwazi lubandakanya lonke unxibelelwano olunokwenzeka. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uthetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokunxibelelana okunokubakho nawo onke amayeza amiselweyo, iivithamini, amayeza kunye nezongezo, kunye namayeza owathethayo.

Izilumkiso zeDexamethasone

Eli chiza liza nezilumkiso ezininzi.

Izifo zomzimba

Dexamethasone kunokubangela negazi lakho. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• ukudumba komqala okanye ulwimi lwakho

Ukuba awunampendulo ayichasanga, biza ugqirha wakho okanye indawo yokulawula ityhefu kwangoko. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi elingxamisekileyo elikufutshane.

Sukuphinda ulithathe eli chiza ukuba ukhe waba negazi kulo. Ukuyithatha kwakhona kunokuba yingozi (kubangele ukufa).

Kubantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo

Kubantu abanesifo: I-Dexamethasone inokwenza ukuba usulelo lomngundo lube lubi ngakumbi. (Inkqubo kuthetha ukuba ichaphazela umzimba uphela, hayi inxalenye enye kuphela.) Eli chiza akufuneki lisetyenziswe ukuba uthatha amayeza ukunyanga usulelo lwenkqubo yokungunda. Kwakhona, i-dexamethasone inokufihla imiqondiso yosulelo olungelulo lokungunda.

Kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo esixineneyo: I-Dexamethasone inokunyusa amanqanaba e-sodium, i-edema (ukudumba), kunye nelahleko ye-potassium. Oku kunokwenza ukuba intliziyo yakho isilele ngakumbi. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe eli chiza, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kukhuselekile na kuwe.

Kubantu abanoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi: I-Dexamethasone inokunyusa amanqanaba esodium kunye ne-edema (ukudumba). Oku kunokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe eli chiza, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kukhuselekile na kuwe.

Kubantu abanezilonda zesilonda: I-Dexamethasone inokunyusa umngcipheko wesisu okanye ukopha emathunjini kunye nezilonda. Ukuba unesilonda esiswini okanye ezinye iimeko zamathumbu, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba eli chiza likhuselekile kuwe. Imiqathango yamathumbu ibandakanya:

• ukuphambuka
• ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi

Kubantu abane-osteoporosis: I-Dexamethasone inciphisa ukubunjwa kwethambo. Yonyusa ukonyuka kwamathambo (ukonakala kwethambo). Ngenxa yoko, iphakamisa umngcipheko we-osteoporosis (ukunciphisa amathambo). Umngcipheko uphezulu kubantu esele benengozi yokwanda kwamathambo. Oku kubandakanya abasetyhini abasemva kokuba bayekile ukuya exesheni.

Kubantu abane-hyperthyroidism: Eli chiza lisuswe emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo. Ugqirha wakho unokuhlengahlengisa idosi yakho yeli chiza ngokusekwe kwimeko yakho.

Kubantu abanengxaki yamehlo: Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-dexamethasone kunokubangela iingxaki zamehlo ezinje ngamehlo okanye i-glaucoma. Umngcipheko wakho uphezulu ukuba sele unengxaki yamehlo efana ne-cataract, i-glaucoma, okanye uxinzelelo olwandayo kwiso.

Abantu abanesifo sephepha: Ukuba unesifo sephepha esifihlakeleyo okanye ukuphinda usebenzise isifo se-tuberculin, i-dexamethasone inokusivuselela esi sifo. Ukuba uvavanya ukuba unesifo sephepha, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba ukuthatha eli chiza kukhuselekile kuwe.

Kubantu abanembali yakutshanje yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo: Ukuba kutshanje uye wahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-dexamethasone kunokukhokelela ekukhaleni kwimisipha yentliziyo yakho. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale eli chiza, qiniseka ukuba ugqirha uyazi ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Kubantu abanesifo seswekile: I-Dexamethasone inokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Ngenxa yoko, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha idosi yeziyobisi ezichasene nesifo seswekile.

Kubantu abane-myasthenia gravis (MG): Ukuba unayo i-MG, ukusebenzisa i-dexamethasone ngamachiza athile asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo se-Alzheimer kunokubangela ubuthathaka obukhulu. Imizekelo yezi ziyobisi zibandakanya i-memantine, i-rivastigmine, kunye ne-donepezil. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, linda ubuncinci iiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba uthathe la machiza ukuqala unyango lwe-dexamethasone.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo

I-Dexamethasone ludidi C lokukhulelwa iziyobisi. Oko kuthetha izinto ezimbini:

1. Uphando kwizilwanyana lubonakalise iziphumo ezingalunganga kwimveku xa umama ethatha iyeza.
2. Khange kubekho zifundo zaneleyo zenziweyo ebantwini ukuze baqiniseke ukuba ichiza linokuchaphazela njani umntwana ongekazalwa.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa. Eli chiza kufuneka lisetyenziswe kuphela ukuba isibonelelo esinokubakho siqinisekisa ubungozi obunokubakho kwimveku engekazalwa.

Kubafazi abancancisayo

I-Dexamethasone ayikhuthazwa kubafazi abancancisayo. Iyeza linokudlula emntwaneni ngobisi lwebele kwaye kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Kubantu abadala

Izintso kunye nesibindi sabantu abadala asinakusebenza njengokuba babesenza ngaphambili. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, iziyobisi ezininzi zihlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Nini ukubiza ugqirha wakho

Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba uphuhlisa isigulo esitsha okanye esibi okanye iimpawu ngelixa uthatha i-dexamethasone, kubandakanya umkhuhlane. Shayela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ukhulelwe ngelixa uthatha eli chiza.

Ungayithatha njani i-dexamethasone

Zonke iidosi ezikhoyo kunye neefom azinakufakwa apha. Idosi yakho, ifom, kunye nokuba uyithatha kangaphi kuya kuxhomekeka:

• iminyaka yakho
• imeko inyangwa
• imbi kangakanani imeko yakho
• ezinye iimeko zonyango onazo
• usabela njani kwidosi yokuqala

Isisombululo sokuvuvukala kunye nezinye iimeko

Ngokwesiqhelo: Dexamethasone

• Ifom: ithebhulethi yomlomo
• Amandla: 0.5 mg, 0.75 mg, 1 mg, 1.5 mg, 4 mg, kunye no-6 mg

Igama lebrand: IDexPak

• Ifom: ithebhulethi yomlomo
• Amandla: 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 0.75 mg, 1 mg, 1.5 mg, 4 mg, kunye no-6 mg

Umthamo wabantu abadala (abaneminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu)

Umyinge oqhelekileyo: 0.75-9 mg yonke imihla, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yokunyangwa.

Umthamo womntwana (iminyaka eyi-0-17 iminyaka)

Idosi yokuqala: 0.02-0.3 mg ngekhilogram ubunzima bomzimba ngosuku, kuthathwe ngeedosi ezintathu okanye ezine ezahluliweyo. Isisombululo sixhomekeke kwimeko yokunyangwa.

Umthamo omkhulu (iminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu)

Izintso kunye nesibindi sabantu abadala asinakusebenza njengokuba babesenza ngaphambili. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, iziyobisi ezininzi zihlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuqala ngedosi esezantsi okanye ishedyuli eyahlukileyo yedosi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eli chiza ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuqwalaselwa okhethekileyo kwedosi

Xa uyeka unyango, idosi yakho kufuneka yehliswe kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kunceda ukuthintela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zichaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu luhlu lubandakanya zonke iidosi ezinokubakho. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti malunga needosi ezikulungeleyo.

Thatha njengoko kuyalelwe

Amacwecwe omlomo e-Dexamethasone asetyenziselwa unyango lwexesha elide. Ziza neengozi ezinkulu ukuba awuzithathi njengoko kumiselwe.

Ukuba uyeka ukuthatha iyeza ngesiquphe okanye ungathathi kwaphela

Ukuba awuthathi ichiza konke konke, imeko yakho ayizukulawulwa. Ukuba uyeka ukuthatha i-dexamethasone ngequbuliso, unokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokurhoxa. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ifiva
• iintlungu zemisipha
• intlungu edibeneyo

Idosi yakho kufuneka yehliswe ngokuhamba kwexesha ukunqanda ukurhoxa. Sukuyeka ukuthatha i-dexamethasone ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.

Ukuba uphosa idosi okanye awuthathi ichiza kwishedyuli

Amayeza akho anokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye angayeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze eli chiza lisebenze kakuhle, isixa esithile kufuneka sibe semzimbeni wakho ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ukuba uthatha kakhulu

Unokuba namanqanaba ayingozi amachiza emzimbeni wakho. Iimpawu libanda, eli chiza kungabandakanya:

• ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga
• ukuxhuzula
• ukusabela okungafunekiyo komzimba, unengxaki yokuphefumla, isifuba, okanye ukudumba komqala okanye ulwimi lwakho

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe eli chiza kakhulu, tsalela ugqirha okanye indawo yolawulo lwetyhefu yendawo. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni omele uyenze xa uphosa idosi

Ukuba uphosa idosi, linda kwaye uthathe idosi elandelayo njengoko bekucwangcisiwe. Sukuyiphinda kabini idosi yakho. Oku kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi.

Ungaxela njani ukuba ichiza liyasebenza

Iimpawu zemeko yakho kufuneka zincitshiswe.

Ukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo kokuthatha i-dexamethasone

Gcina ezi ngqwalaselo engqondweni ukuba ugqirha wakho ukumisela i-dexamethasone.

Ngokubanzi

• Thatha eli chiza ngexesha (ama) elinconyelwe ngugqirha wakho.
• Unokuyisika okanye uyityumze ithebhulethi.

Ukugcina

• Gcina iipilisi ze-dexamethasone kubushushu begumbi phakathi kwama-68 ° F kunye nama-77 ° F (20 ° C nama-25 ° C).
• Sukugcina eli yeza kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezimanzi, ezinjengezindlu zangasese.

Ukuzalisa kwakhona

Imigqaliselo yolu nyango iyahlaziywa. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ufune iyeza elitsha ukuze eli gciwane lizaliswe kwakhona. Ugqirha wakho uza kubhala inani lezinto ezigcwalisiweyo kugunyaziswe ngugqirha wakho.

Ukuhamba

Xa uhamba namayeza akho:

• Soloko uphatha amayeza akho kunye nawe. Xa ubhabha, ungaze uyibeke kwingxowa ekhangelwe. Yigcine kwibhegi yakho yokuqhubela phambili.
• Musa ukuzikhathaza ngoomatshini beX-ray kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Abakwazi ukulimaza amayeza akho.
• Kusenokufuneka ubonise abasebenzi besikhululo seenqwelomoya ilebhile yekhemesti yakho. Soloko uphatha ibhokisi yelebheli ebhalwe kwangaphambili.
• Musa ukubeka eli yeza kwigumbi leglavu lemoto yakho okanye ulishiye emotweni. Qiniseka ukuthintela ukwenza oku xa imozulu ishushu kakhulu okanye ibanda kakhulu.

Ukubeka iliso kwezonyango

Ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga ngexesha lonyango kunye neli chiza. Banokwenza iimvavanyo ukukhangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela ekusebenziseni ixesha elide kwe-dexamethasone. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• uvavanyo lobunzima
• uxinzelelo lwegazi
• uvavanyo lweswekile egazini
• uvavanyo lwamehlo (ukuvavanywa kweglaucoma)
• Uvavanyo lwexinene lweethambo (ukuhlolwa kwamathambo)
• I-X-ray yephepha lakho lesisu (oku kwenziwa ukuba unempawu zesilonda sephepha, njengokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukugabha, okanye igazi esitulweni sakho)

Iindleko zolu vavanyo ziya kuxhomekeka kwi-inshurensi yakho.

Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindlela?

Kukho ezinye iziyobisi ezikhoyo ukunyanga imeko yakho. Abanye banokukulungela ngcono kunabanye. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinye iindlela zamachiza ezinokusebenzela wena.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: I-Healthline yenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuba lonke ulwazi luchanekile, lubanzi kwaye luhlaziyiwe. Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku akufuneki lisetyenziswe endaweni yolwazi kunye nobuchule bengcali yezempilo enelayisensi. Kuya kufuneka usoloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye nolunye uqeqesho kwezonyango ngaphambi kokuba uthathe nawaphi na amayeza. Ulwazi lweziyobisi oluqulethwe apha luyakwazi ukutshintsha kwaye alujoliswanga ekusetyenzisweni konke okunokwenzeka, imikhombandlela, izilumkiso, izilumkiso, ukuhlangana kweziyobisi, ukungahambelani komzimba, okanye iziphumo ezibi. Ukungabikho kwezilumkiso okanye olunye ulwazi ngesiyobisi esinikiweyo akubonisi ukuba indibaniselwano yeziyobisi ikhuselekile, iyasebenza, okanye ifanelekile kuzo zonke izigulana okanye konke ukusetyenziswa okuthile.