Izifo ezi-6 eziphambili zenkqubo yokuchama kunye nendlela yokunyanga

Umxholo

• 1. Usulelo lomchamo
• 2. Ukusilela kwezintso
• 3. Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo
• 4. Amatye eentso
• 5. Ukungahambi kakuhle komchamo
• 6. Umhlaza
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract sisifo esihlala sinxulunyaniswa nenkqubo yokuchama kwaye sinokuvela kumadoda nakwabasetyhini nokuba badala kangakanani. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifo zinokuchaphazela inkqubo yokuchama, njengokungaphumeleli kwezintso, isifo sezintso ezinganyangekiyo, amatye ezintso kunye nesinyi kunye nomhlaza wezintso, umzekelo.

Kubalulekile ukuba nanini na xa kukho umqondiso okanye uphawu lotshintsho kwinkqubo yokuchama, ezinje ngeentlungu okanye ukutshisa xa uchama, umchamo unogwebu okanye ngevumba elinamandla okanye ubukho begazi kumchamo, kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nephrologist okanye urologist ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo olunokubonisa unobangela weempawu kwaye ke unyango lunokuqala.

1. Usulelo lomchamo

Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract luhambelana nokwanda kwe-microorganism, ibhaktiriya okanye ukungunda, naphi na kwinkqubo yokuchama, ebangela iimpawu ezinjengentlungu, ukungonwabi kunye nokutsha xa uchama, umzekelo. Uninzi lwexesha, iimpawu zosulelo zivela ngenxa yokungalingani kwe-microbiota kwindawo yesini, ngenxa yoxinzelelo okanye ucoceko olubi, umzekelo.

Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract lunokufumana udidi oluthile ngokwendlela yenkqubo echaphazelekayo yomchamo:

• Unyango, lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo losulelo lomchamo kwaye lwenzeka xa i-microorganism ifikelela esinyini, ibangela umchamo onamafu, iintlungu zesisu, ubunzima emazantsi esisu, umkhuhlane ophantsi kunye nozingisileyo kunye nokutshiswa xa uchama;
• Isifo samathambo, eyenzekayo xa ibhaktiriya okanye ukungunda kufikelela kwi-urethra, kubangela ukudumba kwaye kukhokelele kwiimpawu ezinje ngokufuna rhoqo ukuchama, iintlungu okanye ukutshisa ukuchama kunye nokuphuma okumthubi.

• I-NephritisOlona sesona sifo sibuhlungu kakhulu kwaye lwenzeka xa iarhente echaphazelayo ifikelela kwizintso, ibangela ukudumba kwaye ikhokelele ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinjengokufuna okungxamisekileyo ukuchama, kodwa ngamanani amancinci, umchamo onamafu kunye namafu, ubukho begazi kumchamo , iintlungu zesisu kunye nefiva.

Unyango njani: Unyango losulelo lomchamo kufuneka lucetyiswe ngugqirha we-urologist ngokweempawu kunye neempawu ezivezwe nguloo mntu, nangokweziphumo zokucoca umchamo, ukusetyenziswa kweyeza lokuthintela intsholongwane i-Ciprofloxacino kubonisiwe ngesiqhelo. Kwiimeko apho kungakhange kubonwe zimpawu, ukusetyenziswa kwezibulala-ntsholongwane kuhlala kungacetyiswanga, ukujonga nje umntu ukuze ukhangele ukuba ngaba kukho ukwanda kwenani leebhaktheriya. Yazi amanye amayeza osulelo lomchamo.

2. Ukusilela kwezintso

Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso kubonakaliswa bubunzima bezintso ukucoca igazi ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukupheliswa kwezinto eziyingozi emzimbeni, ukuqokelela egazini kwaye kunokubangela izifo, njengokunyuka kwegazi kunye ne-acidosis yegazi, ekhokelela ekubonakaleni lweempawu ezithile kunye neempawu, ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nokudideka, umzekelo.

Unyango njani: Xa ukusilela kwezintso kuchongwa kwangoko xa kuvela iimpawu zokuqala, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukubuyisela umva ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza aboniswe ngugqirha womchamo okanye nephrologist nangokutshintsha indlela otya ngayo ukuthintela ukugcwala kwezintso. Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko kunokucetyiswa ihemodialysis ukuze igazi licocwe kuze kususwe izinto eziqokelelweyo.

Fumanisa kule vidiyo ingezantsi ukuba ukutya kufuneka kusetyenziswe njani ukunyanga ukusilela kwezintso:

3. Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo

Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo, esikwabizwa ngokuba yi-CKD okanye ukusilela kwezintso okungapheliyo, kukuphulukana nokusebenza kwezintso okungakhokeleli ekubonakaleni kweempawu okanye iimpawu ezibonisa ukuphulukana nomsebenzi, kuqatshelwa kuphela xa izintso ziphantse zangena emsebenzini.

Iimpawu ze-CKD zihlala zixhaphakile kubantu abadala, uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile okanye inembali yosapho ye-CKD kwaye zibonakala xa isifo sele sikwinqanaba eliphambili, kwaye umntu unokudumba ezinyaweni, ubuthathaka, umchamo ugwebu, ukurhawuzelela umzimba, iicramps kunye nokuphulukana nokutya ngaphandle kwesizathu, umzekelo. Funda indlela yokuchonga isifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso.

Unyango njani: Unyango lwe-CKD lwenziwa, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ngokusebenzisa i-hemodialysis ukususa izinto ezingaphezulu kwegazi kwaye ezingakhange zisuswe kakuhle zizintso. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokutya kunokucetyiswa ngugqirha ukunqanda ukugcwala kwezintso. Jonga ukuba unyango lweCKD kufuneka lube njani.

4. Amatye eentso

Amatye ezintso abizwa ngokuba ngamatye ezintso kwaye avele ngesiquphe, kwaye anokupheliswa ngomchamo okanye abambeke kwi-urethra, ebangela iintlungu ezininzi, ngakumbi kwingingqi ye-lumbar kwaye enokubangela ubunzima bokuhamba, kunye nobukho begazi izintso. Amatye eentso angaba neendlela ezahlukileyo zokwakheka kunye nokwakheka kwawo kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nemikhwa yobomi, njengokungasebenzi komzimba, ukutya okungalunganga kunye nokusetyenziswa kancinci kwamanzi emini, kodwa inokunxulunyaniswa ngqo nezinto zemfuza.

Unyango njani: Unyango lwamatye ezintso lungahluka ngokobunzulu beempawu kunye nobukhulu kunye nendawo ekuyo amatye, eqinisekiswa ngokuvavanywa komfanekiso. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu kunye nokwenza lula ukususwa kwelitye. Nangona kunjalo, xa ilitye likhulu okanye lithintela i-urethra okanye i-ureter, umzekelo, kunokucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe utyando oluncinci ukususa ilitye.

Kuzo zonke iimeko, kubalulekile ukuba usele amanzi kwaye uqaphele ukutya kwakho, njengoko ngale ndlela, ukongeza ekunyangeni ilitye esele likhona, kuthintela ukubonakala kwabanye. Qonda indlela yokutya ukuthintela amatye ezintso:

5. Ukungahambi kakuhle komchamo

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle komchamo kubonakala ngokuphulukana nokuchama okungafunekiyo, okunokwenzeka kumadoda nakwabasetyhini nokuba badala kangakanani. Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokunyuka koxinzelelo kwisinyi, esixhaphakileyo ekukhulelweni, okanye ngenxa yotshintsho kwizakhiwo zemisipha ezixhasa umgangatho weplavic.

Unyango njani: Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ingcebiso kukuba uqeqesho kufuneka lwenziwe ukomeleza izihlunu ze-pelvic kunye nokuthintela ukulahleka okungafunekiyo komchamo. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kweyeza okanye utyando kunokubonakaliswa, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Fumanisa ukuba ungakuphatha njani ukungangabikho komchamo.

6. Umhlaza

Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zinokuchaphazela inkqubo yokuchama, njengoko kunjalo kwisifo somhlaza kunye nesifo sezintso, esinokuthi senzeke xa iiseli ezinobungozi zikhula kula malungu okanye zijolise kwimastastases. Ngokubanzi, umhlaza wesinyi kunye nowezintso ubangela iimpawu ezinje ngeentlungu kunye nokutsha xa uchama, ukonyusa umnqweno wokuchama, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, ukungabinamdla wokutya, ubukho begazi kumchamo, ukubonakala kobunzima kummandla wesisu kunye nokwehla kobunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Unyango njani: Unyango kufuneka luboniswe emva kokuchongwa kohlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, kwaye utyando lunokuboniswa ngugqirha wezonyango okanye oncologist ukususa ithumba, kulandele i-chemo okanye i-radiotherapy okanye i-immunotherapy. Kwezinye iimeko, ukufakelwa kwezintso kunokufuneka xa izintso zifunyenwe zonakaliswe kakhulu.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kwezifo zenkqubo yokuchama kufuneka kwenziwe ngugqirha womchamo okanye ngephrologist ngokweempawu kunye neempawu ezivezwe ngumntu. Ngokwesiqhelo, kuvavanywa umchamo kunye nomchamo kuvavanywa ukuba akukho lutshintsho kwezi mvavanyo kwaye ngaba kukho usulelo.

Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwebhayoloji oluvavanya ukusebenza kwezintso, njengokulinganisa i-urea kunye ne-creatinine egazini. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba kulinganiswe ezinye iimpawu zomhlaza webhayoloji, ezinje nge-BTA, i-CEA kunye ne-NPM22, edla ngokuguqulwa kumhlaza wesinyi, ukongeza kwiimvavanyo zokucinga ezivumela ukubonwa kwenkqubo yokuchama.