Ngaba uvavanyo lwezonyango lwasekhaya luyakunceda okanye luyakwenzakalisa?

Umxholo

• Iindleko eziphantsi
• Impazamo yomsebenzisi
• Iziphumo ezincinci kunye neNgxelo
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kunye nokungachaneki
• Indlela esebenzayo kwiMpilo
• Uphengululo lwe

Ukuba unayo i-akhawunti ye-Facebook, mhlawumbi ubone ngaphezu kwezihlobo ezimbalwa kunye nezalamane ukwabelana ngeziphumo zovavanyo lwe-DNA ye-Ancestry. Into ekufuneka uyenzile kukucela uvavanyo, swab isidlele sakho, usithumele emva kwelebhu, kwaye ngaphakathi kwentsuku okanye iiveki, ufumanise ukuba zazivela phi na ookhokho bakho. Intle kakhulu, akunjalo? Khawufane ucinge ukuba ngaba kuvavanyo lonyango olwenziweyo bekulula. Ewe, kuvavanyo oluthile-olunjengeentlobo ezithile ze-STD, imiba yokuzala, umngcipheko womhlaza, kunye neengxaki zokulala-eneneni ngu lula oko. Icala elisezantsi kuphela? Oogqirha abaqinisekanga ukuba zonke iimvavanyo ezikhoyo zokusetyenziswa ekhaya ziyimfuneko, okanye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ichanekile.

Kulula ukuqonda ukuba kutheni abantu banomdla wokuzivavanya ekhaya xa kunokwenzeka. "Uvavanyo lwasekhaya luyimveliso yokukhula kokuthenga kukhathalelo lwempilo, okutsala abathengi ngokufikelela, ukulungela, ukufikelela, kunye nemfihlo," ucacisa uMaja Zecevic, Ph.D., MPH, umsunguli kunye ne-CEO yeOpionato. "Kubantu abaninzi, uvavanyo lwasekhaya lusetyenziswa njengendlela yokufunda ngakumbi malunga nempilo yabo-nokuba kungenxa yexhala okanye ukufuna ukwazi."

Iindleko eziphantsi

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuvavanywa ekhaya kunokuba sisisombululo kwingxaki yeendleko. Thatha izifundo zokulala, ezenziwa ngokubanzi ngugqirha weyeza lokulala xa umntu ekrokrelwa ukuba unengxaki yokulala. "Isibonelelo sovavanyo lokulala ekhaya kukuba kubiza kakhulu kunendlela esekwe elebhu," ucacisa uNeil Kline, D.O., DABSM, ummeli weAmerican Sleep Association. Endaweni yokuhlawula ukusebenzisa indawo yelebhu ubusuku bonke, oogqirha banokuthumela izigulana zabo ekhaya nezixhobo ezifunekayo ukwenza uvavanyo, emva koko badibane nazo ukuze bajonge iziphumo. Ezi mvavanyo zasekhaya zisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-apnea yokulala, nangona itekhnoloji entsha isenziwa ukuvavanya kunye nokujonga ukulala ekhaya, ngokunjalo. Lo ngumzekelo omnye wendlela uvavanyo lwasekhaya olunokuba luncedo ngayo kwizigulana kunye noogqirha-ukubonelela zombini ngolwazi abalufunayo ngexabiso eliphantsi.

Elinye lawona mabango makhulu kwiinkampani zovavanyo lwasekhaya ezenza kukuba zenza ukuba ulwazi lwezempilo lufikeleleke ngakumbi kubathengi. Oogqirha bayavumelana ngale nto, ngakumbi xa kuvavanywa imiba emincinci yezempilo enokuba yeyona iphambili kwi-HPV yexesha elizayo, eyonyusa umngcipheko kumfazi wokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. "Olona ncedo lukhulu kuvavanyo lwasekhaya kukufumana iimvavanyo kwabo bafazi bangenakho ukufikelela kukhathalelo lwempilo," utshilo uNieca Goldberg, MD, umlawuli wezonyango kwiziko iJoan H. Tisch lezeMpilo yabaseTyhini e-NYU Langone. Kulabo abangenayo i-inshurensi, i-STD yasekhaya kunye novavanyo lokuzala lunokunika ukhetho olunokufikeleleka ngakumbi. (Eyeleleneyo: Njani uloyiko loMhlaza woMlomo wesibeleko lundenze ukuba ndithathe iMpilo yam yezoSondo ngokunzulu kunangaphambili)

Impazamo yomsebenzisi

Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa iimvavanyo ze-STI kunye ne-HPV zasekhaya ezifana ne-uBiome's SmartJane inokuzisa uvavanyo kwabo banokuthi bangayifumani ngenye indlela, iinkampani zokuvavanya ngokwazo zilumkile ukubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lukhona. hayi ukubuyisela uviwo lwakho lwe-ob-gyn lonyaka kunye nepap smear. Ke kutheni uzikhathaza ngovavanyo lwasekhaya kwasekuqaleni? Ngaphezu koko, kukho imiba yolungiselelo ngokunikezela ngolu hlobo lovavanyo ekhaya. Uvavanyo lwe-HPV ngokubanzi lufuna ukubamba umlomo wesibeleko ukufumana isampulu echanekileyo. Abasetyhini abaninzi abayazi indlela yokutshintsha umlomo wabo wesibeleko kwaye ngenxa yoko abanakufumana isampulu echanekileyo kunye neziphumo zovavanyo, utshilo uFiyyaz Pirani, uCEO nomsunguli we STDcheck.com.

Esi sesinye sezizathu ezininzi zokuba inkampani kaPirani ingaboneleli ngokhetho lokuvavanywa ekhaya kubathengi. Endaweni yoko, kufuneka batyelele enye yeelebhu ezihambelana ne-4,500 kwilizwe liphela ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo. “Amakhaya ezigulane akalingani neelebhu eziqinisekisiweyo ze-CLIA ezinceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iisampulu eziqokelelweyo azingcolisekanga kwaye zigcinwe ngokuchanekileyo,” utshilo. Indawo yovavanyo engasebenziyo inokuthetha iziphumo zovavanyo ezingachanekanga. Kwaye kukho inyani yokuba iilebhu abasebenza nazo zihlala zibonelela ngesigulana kwiziphumo zovavanyo ngaphakathi kwe-24 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-48-ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo lweposi lude lufikelele kwilebhu yovavanyo. Oko kuthetha ixesha elincinci lokulinda, elinokuba sisiqabu esikhulu, ngakumbi kuvavanyo lwe-STD.

Iziphumo ezincinci kunye neNgxelo

Nokuba kuvavanyo lokulala-indawo enye apho uvavanyo lwasekhaya lubonakala luthembisa kakhulu-kukho iingxaki ezicacileyo. Okungalunganga kukuba idatha eqokelelweyo incinci kakhulu, utshilo uGqirha Kline. Kwaye kukho iimeko ezimbalwa zokulala ezinokuvavanywa ekhaya. Kodwa eyona nto icwangcisa ngokwenyani ezi mvavanyo zokulala kukuzibandakanya kogqirha. Ayisiyiyo kuphela ukuba ugqirha uyalela uvavanyo olufanelekileyo kwisigulana kwaye ubonelele ngemiyalelo ethile yendlela yokwenza oko, kodwa bakungqonge ukunceda ukutolika iziphumo.

Uvavanyo lwasekhaya luxhomekeke kwinqanaba ledatha elinye elingasoloko libonisa ibhayoloji yakho, iphysology, kunye / okanye isifo, "utshilo uZecevic. Umzekelo, kuvavanyo lwasekhaya lwe-ovarian reserve, olinganisa iihomoni ezithile ukuqikelela ukuba mangaphi amaqanda owasetyhini analo, athandwa kakhulu ngabafazi abazama ukukhulelwa. Kodwa uphononongo lwakutsha nje lupapashwe JAMA wafumanisa ukuba ukuba noovimba abasezantsi be-ovarian akuzange kubonise ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umfazi akayi kukhulelwa. Oko kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo lwe-ovarian reserve lubonelela ngolwazi oluncinci malunga nokuzala. "Ukuchuma sisimo esintsonkothileyo nesinemisebenzi emininzi exhomekeke kwimbali yezonyango, indlela yokuphila, imbali yosapho, imfuza, njl.njl. Uvavanyo olunye alunakuxelela konke," utshilo uZecevic. Kumntu ongadibaniyo nogqirha ukufumanisa olo lwazi, ezi ntlobo zovavanyo lwasekhaya zinokulahlekisa. Kwaye kuyafana nakwezinye iinkxalabo zempilo, njengengozi yomhlaza wemfuza. "Uninzi lweemeko zempilo zinzima kakhulu kunedatha yexesha elinye," utshilo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kunye nokungachaneki

Uvavanyo lwasekhaya lwe-DNA yinto encinci yeentshulube, ngokukaKeith Roach, MD, ugqirha wezononophelo kunye nomhlobo wokuya kugqirha eNewYork-Presbyterian / Weill Cornell Medical Centre. Ngaphandle kovavanyo olwenzelwe ukonwaba, njengovavanyo luka-23andMe lokhokho okanye ukomelela kwe-DNAFit yemfuzo kunye neeprofayili zokutya, kukwakho iimvavanyo zasekhaya ezivela kwiinkampani ezinje ngombala ezimisela umngcipheko wemfuza kwizifo ezithile, njengomhlaza, i-Alzheimer's, kunye nokunye. UGqr.Roach uphawula ukuba ngelixa ezi mvavanyo zibonelela ngolwazi olulungileyo, iibhanki zedatha abazisebenzisayo azinabungakanani kunye nobubanzi bolwazi olwenziwa ziilebhu zeklinikhi zemveli ukuthelekisa iisampulu. "Ndiyathandabuza ukuba zininzi iimpazamo, kodwa ndiqinisekile ukuba zikhona, kwaye loo nto inokuba yingxaki, kuba owona monakalo wokwenyani ngolu hlobo lovavanyo unento yokwenza nezinto ezingeyonyani kwaye kancinci, ubuxoki. negative,” uyachaza. (Idibeneyo: Le nkampani inikezela ngoVavanyo lweMvelo loMhlaza weSifuba ekhaya)

Oogqirha bokhathalelo oluphambili ngamanye amaxesha bayacaphuka xa bejongana nezigulana ezenze uvavanyo lwemfuzo ekhaya, ngakumbi kuba kubantu abaninzi, iimvavanyo zinokubangela iingxaki ezingaphezulu kunokuba zifanelekile. "Olunye lolu vavanyo kunokwenzeka ukuba lukhokelele ekwenzakaleni kunokuba luxhamle ngenxa yexhala kunye nenkcitho, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukwenzakala kuvavanyo olulandelayo olusetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lokuqala lwalunobuxoki," utshilo uGqirha Roach. "Abantu bangena bathi," Ndilufumene olu vavanyo kwaye ndinayo le mpendulo ngoku kwaye ndikhathazeke kakhulu ngayo kwaye ndifuna ukuba undincede ndiyifumane, "ucacisa. "Njengoklinikhi, uyakhathazeka ngenxa yokuba olu ayiluvavanyo obunokuthi unyanzelise ngalo eso sigulana."

Thatha umntu ongenambali yosapho lomhlaza wamabele, ongekho kwiqela lobuhlanga elisemngciphekweni wawo, kodwa nangona kunjalo, ubuya noguqulo oluqinisekileyo lwe-BRCA emva kokugqiba uvavanyo lwemfuzo ekhaya. Ngeli xesha, ugqirha uya kuluphinda uvavanyo kwilebhu yakhe ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba umntu ngokwenene unalo na olo tshintsho. Ukuba uvavanyo olulandelayo aluvumelani, mhlawumbi isiphelo sayo. "Kodwa ukuba ilabhoratri yesibini iyangqina iziphumo zovavanyo, kuya kufuneka uphinde uthathe inyathelo eliya phambili kwaye uqonde ukuba ngaphandle kwesiphumo sovavanyo, nokuba lolona vavanyo lusengalunganga. Kumntu ongenabungozi, isiphumo esincumisayo kuvavanyo olwenziwe kakuhle sisenganako ukuba sisiphumo sobuxoki kunokuba sinesiqiniseko sokwenene. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nempilo yakho kuncinci malunga nokuba nolwazi oluninzi kwaye ngakumbi malunga nokuba nolwazi *lungelo*.

Indlela esebenzayo kwiMpilo

Oko akutsho ukuba ukuvavanywa kwe-DNA ekhaya kwengozi yemfuza akunamsebenzi kwaphela, nangona kunjalo. UGqr.U-Roach uyazi ngomnye ugqirha oye wenza uvavanyo lwe-DNA ngenxa yokuba wenza umsebenzi othile kwinkampani yokuhlola i-DNA, kwaye wafumanisa ukuba unomngcipheko ophakamileyo wokuwohloka kwe-macular, imeko ebangela ukuba umbono ophantsi okanye ungabikho. Ngenxa yoku, wakwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokugcina umbono wakhe. "Ke kwabanye abantu, kukho isibonelelo esinokubakho sokwenza ezi ntlobo zovavanyo. Kodwa ngokubanzi, ukwenza uvavanyo lweklinikhi ngaphandle kwesizathu esivakalayo kunokuba nako ukudala ingozi kunokulungileyo."

Akukho nanye kwezi nkcukacha zesilumkiso esithi konke ukuvavanywa ekhaya kubi. "Ekupheleni kosuku, nakuphi na ukuvavanywa kwamakhaya okukhokelela ekubeni umntu afumanise ukuba unento eyosulelayo (njenge-STI) yimpembelelo entle kwimpilo yoluntu, njengoko ngoku banokuthi basebenze kweso siphumo kwaye bafune unyango," utshilo uPirani. Kwaye ngelixa ukulala, ufuzo, kunye nokuvavanywa kokuzala kungacacanga, kusekho izibonelelo ezithile, ngakumbi ukuba ukhe waxoxa ngokufaneleka kovavanyo nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili.

Lilonke, lelona cebiso likhulu oogqirha abanalo kubathengi abanomdla kuvavanyo lwasekhaya: "Ndingacebisa ngokubanzi inkampani kwaye ivavanye kuphela ukuba inika ithuba lokuthetha nogqirha oqeqeshiweyo (kungcono ugqirha) xa ufumana iziphumo, "Utsho uJames Wantuck, MD, isiseko kunye negosa lezonyango ePlushCare. Ke ukuba ukhetho lokuncokola nogqirha kwangethuba luyafumaneka kuwe, ke uvavanye.

Uphengululo lwe