Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nenyumoniya ephindwe kabini

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu zenyumoniya ephindwe kabini?
• Nini ukubiza ugqirha
• Yintoni ebangela inyumoniya ephindiweyo?
• Zeziphi iindlela zokhetho kunyango lwenyumoniya?
• Inyumoniya yentsholongwane
• I-pneumonia yentsholongwane
• Ixesha lokubuyisa inyumoniya eliphindwe kabini
• Siyintoni isibhengezo sepneumonia ephindwe kabini?
• I-Q & A: Ngaba inyumoniya ephindaphindayo iyasulela?
• Q:
• A:

Yintoni i-pneumonia?

I-pneumonia ephindwe kabini sisifo semiphunga esichaphazela zombini imiphunga yakho. Usulelo luvutha iingxowa zomoya kwimiphunga yakho, okanye i-alveoli, ezalisa ulwelo okanye ubofu. Oku kudumba kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.

Oonobangela abaqhelekileyo benyumoniya ziibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane. Usulelo olusuka kumngundo okanye kwiincukuthu lusenokubangela inyumoniya.

I-pneumonia nayo inokwahlulwa ngenani lamacandelo e-lobes kwimiphunga yakho eyosulelekileyo. Ukuba amanye amacandelo osulelekile, nokuba kungumphunga omnye okanye yomibini imiphunga, esi sifo kunokwenzeka ukuba sibi kakhulu.

Ungayibamba inyumoniya ngokudibana neentsholongwane ezosulelayo okanye uphefumle amathontsi omoya osulelayo. Ukuba ayinyangwa, nayiphi na inyumoniya inokusongela ubomi.

Zithini iimpawu zenyumoniya ephindwe kabini?

Iimpawu zepneumonia ephindwe kabini ziyafana nenyumoniya kwimiphunga enye.

Iimpawu azinyani kakhulu kuba yomibini imiphunga inale ntsholongwane. I-pneumonia ephindwe kabini ayithethi ukuba nzulu kabini. Unokuba nosulelo oluncinci kwimiphunga yomibini, okanye usulelo olubi kwimiphunga yomibini.

Iimpawu ziyahluka, kuxhomekeke kubudala bakho, impilo ngokubanzi, kunye nohlobo losulelo onalo.

Iimpawu zenyumoniya zibandakanya:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukuxinana
• ukukhohlela okunokuvelisa i-phlegm
• umkhuhlane, ukubila kunye nokubanda
• ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo nokuphefumla
• ukudinwa
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• urhudo

Kubantu abadala abadala kunama-65, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• ukudideka
• utshintsho kwindlela yokucinga
• iqondo lobushushu lomzimba elisezantsi kuneliqhelekileyo

Nini ukubiza ugqirha

Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye iintlungu zesifuba, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza, okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka.

Iimpawu zepneumonia zihlala zifana nezo zomkhuhlane okanye ukubanda. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima okanye zihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu, bona ugqirha. Inyumoniya enganyangekiyo inokwenza umonakalo ongapheliyo kwimiphunga yakho.

Yintoni ebangela inyumoniya ephindiweyo?

NgokukaGqirha Wayne Tsuang, ingcali yemiphunga kwiCleveland Clinic, nokuba ufumana inyumoniya kwimiphunga enye okanye yomibini imiphunga "ubukhulu becala kungenxa yamathuba." Kwimeko enje ukuba usulelo lukhona kwintsholongwane, ibhaktiriya okanye ukungunda.

Ngokubanzi, abantu abathile banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana inyumoniya:

• Iintsana kunye neentsana
• abantu abangaphezu kwama-65
• abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kwizifo okanye amanye amayeza
• abantu abanezifo ezinje nge-asthma, cystic fibrosis, isifo seswekile, okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo
• abantu abatshayayo okanye abasebenzisa kakubi iziyobisi okanye utywala

Zeziphi iindlela zokhetho kunyango lwenyumoniya?

I-pneumonia kwimiphunga emibini iphathwa ngendlela efanayo nakwimiphunga enye.

Isicwangciso sonyango siya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu kunye nobukrakra bosulelo, kunye nobudala bakho kunye nempilo ngokubanzi. Unyango lwakho lunokubandakanya amayeza aphuma ekhawuntareni ukunciphisa iintlungu nomkhuhlane. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Iasprini
• ibuprofen (Advil kunye neMotrin)
• i-acetaminophen (iTylenol)

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iyeza lokukhohlela ukunceda ukulawula ukukhohlela kwakho ukuze uphumle. Ngokwe-Mayo Clinic, ukukhohlela kunceda ukuhambisa ulwelo kwimiphunga yakho, ngenxa yoko awufuni kulususa ngokupheleleyo.

Unokuzinceda ufumane ukubuyela ngokulula. Thatha iyeza lakho elimiselweyo, uphumle, usele ulwelo oluninzi, kwaye ungazinyanzeli ukuba ubuyele kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo ngokukhawuleza.

Unyango oluthile lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zenyumoniya lubandakanya:

Inyumoniya yentsholongwane

I-pneumonia yentsholongwane inokunyangwa ngamachiza alwa nentsholongwane kunye namayeza ajolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu zakho. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi kunyango lweentsholongwane.

Uninzi lweziganeko lunokunyangwa ekhaya. Kodwa abantu abanesifo esinganyangekiyo okanye abantu abadala abadala banokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele.

I-pneumonia yentsholongwane

Inyumoniya inyumoniya inyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. I-antibiotic ethile iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwebhakteria ebangela inyumoniya.

Uninzi lweziganeko lunokunyangwa ekhaya, kodwa ezinye ziya kufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele. Abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala abadala, kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba acinezelweyo banokufuna ukuba balaliswe esibhedlele kwaye banyangwe nge-intravenous (IV) antibiotics. Basenokufuna uncedo ngokuphefumla.

I-Mycoplasma pneumonia luhlobo lwe-pneumonia yebhakteria. Ngokuqhelekileyo ithambile kwaye ihlala ichaphazela zombini imiphunga. Kuba yintsholongwane, inyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

Ixesha lokubuyisa inyumoniya eliphindwe kabini

Ngonyango olululo, uninzi lwabantu abasempilweni banokulindela ukuba ngcono phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5. Ukuba awunayo imeko yezempilo, uya kuba nakho ukuphinda uqalise imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiveki okanye njalo. Ukukhathala kunye neempawu ezincinci, ezinje ngokukhohlela, kunokuhlala ixesha elide.

Ukuba ubulaliswe esibhedlele, ixesha lakho lokuchacha liya kuba lide.

Siyintoni isibhengezo sepneumonia ephindwe kabini?

I-pneumonia sisifo esibi kwaye sinokusongela ubomi, nokuba ngumphunga omnye okanye bobabini bosulelekile. I-pneumonia ephindwe kabini inokubulala ukuba ayinyangwa. Malunga nabantu abangama-50 000 babulawa yinyumoniya minyaka le eUnited States. I-pneumonia ngoyena nobangela wesibhozo wokufa kwaye ngoyena nobangela wokufa usasazekayo e-United States.

Ngokubanzi, okukhona amacandelo emiphunga akho asulelekileyo, kokukhona esi sifo siba mandundu. Injalo imeko nokuba onke amacandelo osulelo akwimiphunga enye.

Kukho ukubakho kweengxaki, ngakumbi ukuba unesifo esisisiseko okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi obuphezulu. Ngokwe-American Thoracic Society (ATS), kunokubakho iziphumo zexesha elide zenyumoniya, nakubantu abachacha ngokupheleleyo. Abantwana abachacha kwi-pneumonia banomngcipheko okhulayo wezifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga. Kananjalo, abantu abadala abaphilayo banokuba nesifo sentliziyo okanye buthathaka amandla okucinga, kwaye banokungakwazi ukusebenza ngokwasemzimbeni.

I-Q & A: Ngaba inyumoniya ephindaphindayo iyasulela?

Q:

Ngaba inyumoniya iyasulela?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

I-pneumonia, nokuba ichaphazela umphunga omnye okanye yomibini imiphunga, inokusasazeka. Ukuba amathontsi aqukethe izinto ezibangela inyumoniya aphume, angangcolisa umlomo okanye indlela yokuphefumla yomnye umntu. Ezinye izinto ezibangela inyumoniya ziyosulela kakhulu. Uninzi lusasazeka buthathaka, oko kuthetha ukuba azisasazeki ngokulula komnye umntu.

U-Adithya Cattamanchi, iimpendulo ze-MDA zimele uluvo lweengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.