Iindidi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhemotherapy kunye nokuthandabuza okuqhelekileyo

Umxholo

• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili
• Yenziwa njani ichemotherapy
• Umahluko phakathi kwekhemotherapy emhlophe nebomvu
• I-Chemotherapy Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
• 1. Luhlobo luni lwe-chemotherapy endiza kuyifumana?
• 2. Ngaba iinwele zam ziya kuhlala zivela?
• 3. Ndiza kuva iintlungu?
• 4. Ngaba indlela enditya ngayo iya kutshintsha?
• 5. Ngaba ndiya kuba nakho ukugcina ubomi obusondeleyo?

I-Chemotherapy luhlobo lonyango olusebenzisa iziyobisi ezinokuphelisa okanye ukuthintela ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza. La machiza, anokuthathwa ngomlomo okanye ngenaliti, aqhutywa ngokuhamba kwegazi kuwo onke amalungu omzimba kwaye agqibele ekufikeleleni kungengomhlaza kuphela, kodwa nakwiiseli ezisempilweni emzimbeni, ngakumbi ezo ziphindaphindeka rhoqo, ezinjengezo indlela yokwetyisa, iifollic hair kunye negazi.

Ke, kuqhelekile ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zivele kubantu abenza olu hlobo lonyango, njengokugabha, ukugabha, ukulahleka kweenwele, ubuthathaka, i-anemia, ukuqhina, urhudo okanye ukulimala emlonyeni, umzekelo, okuhlala kuhlala iintsuku, iiveki iinyanga. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke i-chemotherapies ezifanayo, ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezisetyenzisiweyo, ezinokubangela iziphumo ezingaphezulu okanye ezingaphantsi komzimba.

Uhlobo lweyeza lugqitywa yi-oncologist, emva kokuvavanya uhlobo lomhlaza, inqanaba lesifo kunye neemeko zeklinikhi zomntu ngamnye, kwaye eminye imizekelo ibandakanya iziyobisi ezinje ngeCyclophosphamide, iDocetaxel okanye iDoxorubicin, uninzi olunokuthi luyazi njenge chemotherapy emhlophe. okanye i-chemotherapy ebomvu, umzekelo, kwaye siza kuchaza ngakumbi ngezantsi.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili

Iziphumo zechemotherapy zixhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango, idosi esetyenzisiweyo kunye nokuphendula komzimba womntu ngamnye, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi zihlala iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iiveki, zinyamalale xa umjikelo wonyango uphela. Ezinye zeempembelelo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Ukulahleka kweenwele kunye nezinye iinwele zomzimba;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Utywala kunye nobuthathaka;
• Ukuqunjelwa okanye urhudo kunye negesi engaphezulu;
• Ukungabikho komdla;
• Izilonda zomlomo;
• Utshintsho exesheni;
• Iinzipho ezaphukileyo nezimnyama;
• Amachaphaza okanye utshintsho kumbala wolusu;
• Ukopha;
• Izifo ezenzeka rhoqo;
• Anemia;
• Ukunciphisa umnqweno wesondo;
• Ixhala kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu, njengosizi, ukudandatheka kunye nokucaphuka.

Ukongeza kwezi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide zekhemotherapy, ezinokuhlala iinyanga, iminyaka okanye zisisigxina, ezinje ngotshintsho kumalungu okuzala, utshintsho entliziyweni, emiphungeni, kwisibindi nakwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, umzekelo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga aziboniswanga ngendlela efanayo kuzo zonke izigulana.

Yenziwa njani ichemotherapy

Ukwenza i-chemotherapy kukho ngaphezulu kwe-100 yeentlobo zamachiza asetyenzisiweyo, nokuba kusecwecweni, ngomlomo, okanye ngenaliti, enokuthi ibekho kwimithambo, intramuscularly, ngaphantsi kwesikhumba nangaphakathi komqolo, umzekelo. Ukongeza, ukulungiselela amathamo emthanjeni, kunokufakwa i-catheter, ebizwa ngokuba yi-intracath, ethe nca eluswini kwaye ithintela ukulunywa okuphindaphindiweyo.

Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwamayeza kunyango lomhlaza, iidosi zinokuba mihla le, ngeveki okanye kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3, umzekelo. Olu nyango luhlala lwenziwa kwimijikelo, ehlala ihlala iiveki ezimbalwa, ilandelwe lixesha lokuphumla ukuvumela umzimba ukuba uphinde uchache kwaye uphinde wenze olunye uvavanyo.

Umahluko phakathi kwekhemotherapy emhlophe nebomvu

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abanye abantu bathetha ngumahluko phakathi kwekhemotherapy emhlophe nebomvu, ngokombala weyeza. Nangona kunjalo, lo mahluko awonelanga, njengoko zininzi iintlobo zamachiza asetyenziselwa ichemotherapy, engenakugqitywa ngombala kuphela.

Ngokubanzi, njengomzekelo we-chemotherapy emhlophe, kukho iqela lamayeza abizwa ngokuba yirhafu, njengePaclitaxel okanye iDocetaxel, esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza, ezinje ngomhlaza wamabele okanye wemiphunga, kwaye ibangele ukudumba njengesiphumo secala esiqhelekileyo Inwebu yangaphakathi kunye nokuhla kweeseli zokhuselo lomzimba.

Njengomzekelo we-chemotherapy ebomvu, singakhankanya iqela le-Anthracyclines, njenge-Doxorubicin kunye ne-Epirubicin, esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni, ezinje nge-leukemias etsolo, umhlaza webele, amaqanda, izintso kunye nedlala lengqula, umzekelo, kwaye ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa sisicaphucaphu, ukulahleka kweenwele, iintlungu zesisu, kunye nokuba yityhefu entliziyweni.

I-Chemotherapy Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Ukufezekiswa kwe-chemotherapy kunokuzisa amathandabuzo kunye nokungaqiniseki. Sizama ukucacisa, apha, zezona ziqhelekileyo:

1. Luhlobo luni lwe-chemotherapy endiza kuyifumana?

Kukho iiprotocol ezininzi okanye iirejimeni zechemotherapy, ezimiselwe ngu-oncologist ngohlobo lomhlaza, ubungqongqo okanye inqanaba lesi sifo kunye neemeko zeklinikhi zomntu ngamnye. Kukho izikimu ezinemihla ngemihla, ngeveki okanye ngeeveki ezi-2 okanye ezi-3, ezenziwa kwimijikelo.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinokunxulunyaniswa ne-chemotherapy, enje ngotyando lokususa ithumba, okanye unyango ngemitha, iinkqubo ezisebenzisa imitha ekhutshwa sisixhobo ukuphelisa okanye ukunciphisa ubungakanani besisu.

Ke, ichemotherapy inokwahlulwa phakathi:

• Ukuphilisa, xa kukodwa kukwazi ukunyanga umhlaza;
• I-Adjuvant okanye i-Neoadjuvant, xa isenziwa ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando lokususa i-tumor okanye i-radiotherapy, njengendlela yokuncedisa unyango kwaye ifune ukuphelisa ithumba ngokufanelekileyo;
• I-Palliative, xa ingenanjongo yokunyanga, kodwa isebenza njengendlela yokwandisa ubomi okanye ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu onomhlaza.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba bonke abantu abaphantsi konyango lomhlaza, kubandakanya nabo bangasenakho ukufumana unyango, bafanelwe unyango ukuze babe nobomi obunesidima, obuquka ukulawula iimpawu zomzimba, zengqondo nezentlalo, ukongeza kwezinye izinto. Olu nyango lubaluleke kakhulu lubizwa ngokuba yinkathalo yokuthomalalisa, funda ngakumbi ngalo kwizinto zokunyanga kwaye ngubani omele alufumane.

2. Ngaba iinwele zam ziya kuhlala zivela?

Akusayi kuhlala kukho ukulahleka kweenwele kunye nokulahleka kweenwele, njengoko kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwechemotherapy esetyenzisiweyo, nangona kunjalo, sisiphumo esibi kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, ukulahleka kweenwele kwenzeka malunga neeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokuqala konyango, kwaye kuhlala kwenzeka kancinci kancinci okanye ngokutshixa.

Kuyenzeka ukuba kuncitshiswe oku kusetyenziswa nokusetyenziswa kwekepusi yokufudumeza ukupholisa ulusu, njengoko obu buchule bunokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwizintlu zeenwele, kunciphisa ukufunyanwa kwamayeza kulo mmandla. Ukongeza, kuhlala kunokwenzeka ukunxiba umnqwazi, isikhafu okanye iwigi enceda ukoyisa ubunzima bokuba nempandla.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ukubuyela kweenwele emva kokuphela konyango.

3. Ndiza kuva iintlungu?

I-Chemotherapy ngokwayo ayihlali ibangela iintlungu, ngaphandle kokubandezeleka okubangelwa kukuluma okanye ukutshisa xa usebenzisa le mveliso. Intlungu egqithisileyo okanye ukutshiswa akufuneki kwenzeke, ke kubalulekile ukuba wazise ugqirha okanye unesi ukuba oku kuyenzeka.

4. Ngaba indlela enditya ngayo iya kutshintsha?

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba isigulana esonyangwa ngamakhemikhali sikhetha ukutya okunotye iziqhamo, imifuno, inyama, intlanzi, amaqanda, iimbewu kunye neenkozo ezigcweleyo, sikhetha ukutya kwendalo kunokutya okuneemveliso kunye nezinto eziphilayo, njengoko zingenazo izongezo zemichiza.

Imifuno kufuneka ihlanjwe ngocoselelo kwaye ibulawe iintsholongwane, kwaye kuphela kwezinye iimeko apho ukwehla okuthe gingci kukhuseleko apho ugqirha uya kuba nakho ukucebisa ngokungatyi ukutya okuluhlaza okwethutyana.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukutya okunotyebileyo kunamafutha kunye neswekile kwangoko ngaphambi okanye emva konyango, njengoko isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha kuqhelekile, kwaye ukunciphisa ezi mpawu ugqirha unokucebisa ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza, afana neMetoclopramide. Bona ezinye iingcebiso ngokutya kwinto oza kuyitya ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhemotherapy.

5. Ngaba ndiya kuba nakho ukugcina ubomi obusondeleyo?

Kungenzeka ukuba kukho utshintsho kubomi obusondeleyo, njengoko kunokubakho ukwehla komnqweno wesini kunye nokuhla kwesimo, kodwa akukho zingqinisiso zonxibelelwano olusondeleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukusetyenziswa kweekhondom ukukhusela kungekuphela nje izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo ngeli xesha, kodwa ngokukodwa ukukhusela ukukhulelwa, njengoko i-chemotherapy ingabangela utshintsho ekukhuleni komntwana.