Iziphumo zomhlaza wemiphunga emzimbeni

Umxholo

• Inkqubo yokuphefumla
• Ukujikeleza kunye neenkqubo zentliziyo
• Iinkqubo zokuzikhusela komzimba kunye nokuzikhupha
• Inkqubo ye-nervous central
• Iinkqubo zamathambo kunye nezihlunu
• Ezinye iinkqubo

Umhlaza wemiphunga ngumhlaza oqala kwiiseli zemiphunga. Ayifani nomhlaza oqala kwenye indawo kwaye usasazeka ukuya emiphungeni. Ekuqaleni, iimpawu eziphambili zibandakanya inkqubo yokuphefumla. Kumanqanaba okugqibela omhlaza wemiphunga, ngakumbi ukuba unwenwela kwiindawo ezikude, unokuchaphazela iinkqubo ezininzi emzimbeni wakho.

Umhlaza wemiphunga unokuchaphazela ngaphezu kwemiphunga yakho. Nje ukuba unethumba emiphungeni yakho, iiseli zomhlaza zinokuqhekeka kwaye zenze amathumba amatsha kufutshane okanye ukuba iiseli zomhlaza eziphambukayo zingena kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic okanye kwigazi, zinokuya kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-metastasis. Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala usasazeka kule:

• ithumba
• amathambo
• ingqondo
• isibindi
• amadlala adrenal

Ekuqaleni, ichaphazela kuphela imiphunga kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla. Ezinye iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke apho umhlaza uhambela khona.

Inkqubo yokuphefumla

Njengokuba iiseli ezinomhlaza emiphungeni zahlulahlula ziphindaphindeka, zenza ithumba. Ixesha elingaphezulu, amathumba amatsha anokukhula kufutshane ngaphakathi kwemiphunga okanye kwiimbrane ezijikeleze imiphunga. Iimbumba ezijikeleze imiphunga zibizwa ngokuba yi-pleura. Ingasasazeka kwiindlela zomoya kunye nodonga lwesifuba.

Akuqhelekanga ukuba ungabikho naziphi na iimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala omhlaza wemiphunga. Kumanqanaba okuqala, umhlaza wemiphunga awubonakali ngokulula kwisifuba X-ray.

Ekuqaleni, unokuqaphela iimpawu ezimbalwa zokuphefumla. Ukuhlaselwa rhoqo kwe-bronchitis okanye inyumoniya kungangumqondiso womhlaza wemiphunga. Unokuvakala uncothukile okanye uqaphele olunye utshintsho kwilizwi lakho.

Unokuphuhlisa ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okanye okuphindaphindiweyo. Ukukhohlela ngamandla kunokuvelisa i-mucus. Njengokuba isifo siqhubeka, i-mucus inokutshintsha umbala okanye ibe negazi kuyo. Ukukhwehlela okukhohlakeleyo kunokukhokelela kwintlungu yomqala kunye nesifuba. Intlungu yesifuba inokuba mandundu xa uphefumla okanye ukhohlela.

Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wemiphunga ohamba phambili kukuphefumla okufutshane. Unokubhabha okanye uve ezinye iingxolo xa uphefumla. Njengoko amathumba anomhlaza aqala ukukhusela umoya wakho, ukuphefumla kuya kusiba nzima.

Ulwelo lunokuqokelelana kwimiphunga. Xa oko kusenzeka, imiphunga yakho ayinako ukwanda ngokupheleleyo xa uphefumlela kuyo. Nokuba umsebenzi omnene emzimbeni unokuba ngumqobo ekuphefumlweni kwakho.

Ukujikeleza kunye neenkqubo zentliziyo

Iiseli ezinomhlaza ezivela emiphungeni zinokwenza indlela yazo zingene kwigazi. Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi yenye yeendlela umhlaza osasazeka ngayo ukusuka emiphungeni ukuya kwamanye amalungu.

Ukuba ukhohlela igazi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba amathumba akwindlela yakho yomoya ayopha. Ukuba ukopha kakhulu, unyango lokululawula luyafumaneka. Unyango lunokubandakanya i-radiation ye-palliative okanye i-bronchial artery embolization. Kwi-bronchial artery embolization, ugqirha wakho usebenzisa i-catheter ukwenza indawo kunye nokuvimba umthambo wokopha.

Ukuba unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, usemngciphekweni owandayo wamahlwili egazi. Ihlwili legazi eliya emiphungeni kuthiwa yi-pulmonary embolism. Sisiganeko esinokusongela ubomi.

Funda nzulu: I-pulmonary embolism »

Ayenzeki rhoqo, kodwa umhlaza wemiphunga ungasasazeka entliziyweni okanye kwingxowa ye-pericardial. Ingxowa ye-pericardial sisicubu esingqonge intliziyo. Unyango lomhlaza, njengonyango lwemitha lunokuba yityhefu kwiiseli zentliziyo. Ukonakala kwentliziyo kunokubonakala kwangoko, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha iminyaka ukuyifumana.

Iinkqubo zokuzikhusela komzimba kunye nokuzikhupha

Umhlaza unokugcoba kwimiphunga ngokungena kwii-lymph node ezikufuphi. Kanye kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic iiseli zinokufikelela kwamanye amalungu kwaye zenze amathumba amatsha.

Amaqhuma kunye namaqhuma ajikeleze ikhola yakho, intamo, okanye amakhwapha anokubangelwa ngumhlaza kwii-lymph node. Unokuqaphela intamo okanye ukudumba kobuso.

Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga zibangela izinto ezifana neehomoni ukuba zingene egazini. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ngamanye amalungu. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi "paraneoplastic syndromes."

Enye yeendawo eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wemiphunga ukusasazeka sisibindi, esinokubangela i-jaundice. Iimpawu ze-jaundice zibandakanya ukutyheli kolusu kunye namhlophe ngamehlo akho. Olunye uphawu lomhlaza esibindini ziintlungu kwicala lasekunene. Ukuziva ugula emva kokutya ukutya okutyebileyo lolunye uphawu. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga nempilo yakho yesibindi.

Inkqubo ye-nervous central

Unokuphuhlisa iintloko kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-neurological ukuba umhlaza usasazeka kwingqondo. Ithumba lobuchopho linokubangela:

• iingxaki zememori
• utshintsho olubonakalayo
• isiyezi
• ukuxhuzula
• ukuba ndindisholo kwemilenze
• ubuthathaka emilenzeni
• indlela engazinzanga
• iingxaki zokulinganisela

Xa amathumba enza indawo ephezulu yemiphunga yakho, abizwa ngokuba ziiPancoast tumors. Zingakhokelela kwi-Horner's syndrome. Isifo sikaHorner sichaphazela imithambo-luvo ebusweni nasemehlweni. Iimpawu zesifo se-Horner zibandakanya ukujingxela kwelinye ijwabu leso, omnye umfundi mncinci kunomnye, kunye nokungabikho kombilo kwelo cala lobuso. Inokubangela nentlungu egxalabeni.

Iinkqubo zamathambo kunye nezihlunu

Umhlaza osasazeka emathanjeni ungakhokelela kwintlungu yethambo kunye nezihlunu, buthathaka amathambo, kunye nokwanda komngcipheko wokwaphuka. Ukujonga iimvavanyo ezinje nge-X-ray okanye ukuskena kwethambo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho abone umhlaza emathanjeni.

Iindidi ezithile zomhlaza wemiphunga zinxulunyaniswa nokukhula kwesifo seLambert-Eaton, esisifo esizimele. I-Lambert-Eaton syndrome iphazamisa imiqondiso esuka kwimithambo-luvo iye kwiimisipha kwaye inokubangela ukuba buthathaka kwezihlunu, ezinokuchaphazela:

• ukuhamba
• ukuginya
• ukuhlafuna
• Ndiyathetha

Ezinye iinkqubo

Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza zibandakanya:

• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• ukungabikho komdla
• ubuthathaka ngokubanzi
• ukudinwa

Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala usasazeka kwiidrenal gland, kodwa ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu. Ukuhla kweHormone kunokukwenza uzive ubuthathaka kwaye unesiyezi kwaye kunokuba negalelo ekulahlekeni kobunzima. Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa iimvavanyo zokucinga ukujonga umhlaza kwiintsholongwane ze-adrenal.