Endometrium: yintoni na, apho ikhoyo kunye nezifo ezinokwenzeka

Umxholo

• Utshintsho lwe-Endometrial ngezigaba
• I-Endometrium ekukhulelweni
• Izifo eziphambili ezichaphazela i-Endometrium
• 1. Umhlaza we-Endometrial
• 2. polyp Endometrial
• 3. I-endometrial hyperplasia
• 4. I-Adenomyosis

I-endometrium sisihlunu esigcina isibeleko ngaphakathi kwaye ubukhulu baso buyahluka ngaphezulu komjikelo wokuya exesheni ngokwahluka koxinaniso lwehomoni egazini.

Kukwi-endometrium apho ukufakwa kombungu kwenzeka, ukuqala kokukhulelwa, kodwa ukuze oku kwenzeke, i-endometrium kufuneka ibe nobukhulu obufanelekileyo kwaye ingabinazimpawu zesifo. Xa kungekho kuchumisa, izicwili kunye nokuya exesheni kuyabonakala.

Utshintsho lwe-Endometrial ngezigaba

Ubungakanani be-endometrium buyahluka rhoqo ngenyanga kubo bonke abantu basetyhini abaneminyaka yokuzala, babonisa amanqanaba omjikelo wokuya exesheni:

1. Inqanaba lokuqhubela phambili:Kanye emva kokuya exesheni, i-endometrium ixobukile ngokupheleleyo kwaye ikulungele ukwanda ngokobungakanani, esi sigaba sibizwa ngokuba sanda, kwaye ngeli xesha i-estrogen ikhuthaza ukukhutshwa kweeseli ezonyusa ubukhulu bazo, kunye nemithambo yegazi kunye namadlala e-exocrine.
2. Isigaba semfihlo:Kwisigaba semfihlo, esenzeka ngexesha lokuchuma, i-estrogen kunye neprogesterone ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba i-endometrium inayo zonke izakha-mzimba eziyimfuneko ekufakweni nasekutyeni kombungu. Ukuba kukho ukuchumisa kwaye umbungu uyakwazi ukuhlala kwi-endometrium, 'ukubhobhoza' okupinki okanye indawo yekofu inokubonwa ngexesha lakhe lokuchuma, kodwa ukuba akukho kuchumisa, emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa umfazi uya exesheni. Yazi indlela yokuqonda iimpawu zokuchumisa kunye nokuhlalela.
3. Isigaba sokuya exesheni: Ukuba ukuchumisa akwenzeki ngethuba lokuchuma, kulapho i-endometrium ikwiqondo elithe shinyi, esi sihlunu ngoku siza kungena kwinqanaba laso lokuya exesheni kwaye sinciphise ubukhulu ngenxa yokwehla ngesiquphe kwamahomoni egazini kunye nokuncipha kwezicwili. Olu tshintsho lubangela ukuba i-endometrium iyekelele kancinci kancinci kudonga lwesibeleko, inike ukopha esikwaziyo ukuba sexesheni.

I-endometrium inokuvavanywa kusetyenziswa iimviwo zokucinga ngemizimba, ezinje nge-pelvic ultrasound, colposcopy kunye nemagnetic resonance imaging, umzekelo, apho ugqirha wezifo zabasetyhini ejonga khona naziphi na iimpawu zesifo okanye utshintsho kule nyama. Yazi ezinye iimviwo ezicelwe ngugqirha wezifo zabasetyhini.

I-Endometrium ekukhulelweni

I-endometrium efanelekileyo yokukhulelwa yenye yokulinganisa malunga ne-8mm kwaye ikwisigaba semfihlo, kuba i-endometrium encinci okanye ye-atrophic, elinganisa ngaphantsi kwe-6mm, ayinakho ukuvumela umntwana ukuba akhule. Unobangela oyintloko we-endometrium ebhityileyo kukusilela kweprogesterone, kodwa oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezicwangcisi, isibeleko seentsana kunye nokwenzakala emva kokukhupha isisu okanye unyango.

Ubuncinci bobukhulu bokukhulelwa yi-8 mm kwaye eyona nto imalunga ne-18 mm. Kwabasetyhini apho oku kungenzeki ngokwendalo, ugqirha unokuyalela ukuba kusetyenziswe amayeza e-hormonal afana ne-Utrogestan, i-Evocanil okanye i-Duphaston ukwandisa ubukhulu be-endometrium, ukuququzelela ukumiliselwa kombungu kwisibeleko.

Ubungakanani besalathiso se-endometrium emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni yi-5 mm, enokubonakala kwi-transvaginal ultrasound. Kweli nqanaba, xa ubukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-5 mm, ugqirha uya kuyalela uthotho lwezinye iimvavanyo ukuvavanya ngcono loo mfazi kwaye wazi ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi ziveze izifo ezinokubakho ezinje ngomhlaza we-endometrium, polyp, hyperplasia okanye adenomyosis, umzekelo.

Izifo eziphambili ezichaphazela i-Endometrium

Utshintsho kwi-endometrium lunokubangelwa zizifo ezinokunyangwa kunye nokulawulwa ngokusetyenziswa kwehomoni kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, utyando. Ukulandelelwa kwezonyango kubalulekile ukuthintela iingxaki zesifo ngasinye, ukugcina impilo yesibeleko kunye nokunyusa amathuba okuba ukhulelwe. Izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-endometrium zezi:

1. Umhlaza we-Endometrial

Esona sifo siqhelekileyo sichaphazela i-endometrium ngumhlaza we-endometrium. Oku kunokufunyanwa ngokulula kuba eyona mpawu yayo iphambili kukopha ngaphandle kokuba sexesheni. Kwimeko yabafazi abasele beyekile ukuya exesheni kwaye bebesexesheni unyaka omnye, uphawu lubonwa kwangoko.

Kwabo bangekafikeleli exesheni olona phawu luphambili kukunyuka kwenani legazi elilahlekileyo xa usexesheni. Kufuneka uyazi le miqondiso kwaye ujonge ugqirha wamazinyo ngoko nangoko, kuba kwangoko ingxaki ifunyenwe, kokukhona amathuba okuba anyangwe. Funda ngendlela yokufumanisa umhlaza kwi-endometrium.

2. polyp Endometrial

Iipolyps ezikummandla we-endometrium zilungile kwaye zibonwa ngokulula kuba ivelisa iimpawu ezinje ngokulahleka kwegazi ngaphambi okanye emva kokuya exesheni okanye ubunzima bokukhulelwa. Olu tshintsho luqheleke kakhulu emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni kwaye kuhlala kwenzeka kubafazi abathatha amayeza afana neTamoxifen.

Amaxesha amaninzi esi sifo sifunyanwa kwi-ultrasound esibonisa ukwanda kobukhulu baso. Unyango lukhetho lwe-gynecologist kodwa lunokwenziwa ngokususa ii-polyps ngotyando, ngakumbi ukuba umfazi usemncinci kwaye ufuna ukukhulelwa, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi akuyomfuneko ukwenza utyando, okanye ukuthatha amayeza e-hormonal, ukwenza iliso kwityala qho kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukukhangela naluphi na utshintsho.

3. I-endometrial hyperplasia

Ukwanda kubukhulu be-endometrium kuthiwa yi-endometrial hyperplasia, kuxhaphake kakhulu emva kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Uphawu lwayo oluphambili luphuma ngaphandle kwexesha lokuya exesheni, ukongeza kwiintlungu, isisu sesisu kunye nokwandiswa kwesibeleko, esinokubonwa kwi-ultrasound yangaphantsi.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-endometrial hyperplasia kwaye ayizizo zonke ezinxulumene nomhlaza. Unyango lwayo lunokubandakanya amayeza e-hormonal, i-curettage okanye utyando, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-endometrial hyperplasia.

4. I-Adenomyosis

I-Adenomyosis yenzeka xa izicwili ngaphakathi kweendonga zesibeleko zonyuka ngobukhulu, zibangela iimpawu ezinjengokopha okunzima ngexesha lokuya exesheni kunye necramp ezenza ukuba ubomi bube nzima kubafazi, kunye nentlungu ngexesha lonxibelelwano olusondeleyo, ukuqhina kunye nokudumba kwesisu. Izizathu zayo azaziwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa zinokwenzeka ngenxa yotyando lwabasetyhini okanye ukuhanjiswa kwe-cesarean, umzekelo, ukongeza, i-adenomyosis inokuvela emva kokukhulelwa.

Unyango lunokwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwezicwangcisi, ukufakwa kwe-IUD okanye uqhaqho ukususa isibeleko, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, xa iimpawu ziyacaphukisa kwaye xa kukho ukungangqinelani nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza e-hormonal. Funda ngakumbi ngeAdenomyosis.