Ukumiliselwa kwesikhumba: yintoni, ziziphi iintlobo, kwaye yinkqubo enjani

Umxholo

• Iindidi zokufakelwa kolusu
• 1. Ukwehliselwa okukhethekileyo okanye okupheleleyo kolusu
• 2. Iifayile ezilula okanye ezidityanisiweyo
• 3. I-Heterologous autografts, i-allografts okanye i-graft
• Xa kufanelekile ukwenza ufakelo
• Indlela yokulungiselela
• Injani inkqubo
• Ukunyamekela
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Ukuncitshiswa kolusu ngamaqhekeza esikhumba afuduselwa komnye ummandla womzimba asiwe komnye, xa kufuneka ubuyisele ummandla wolusu owonakeleyo, kwimeko ezinjengokutsha, izifo zemfuza, dermatoses ezingapheliyo, umhlaza wolusu okanye ungenelelo oluthile lotyando.

Kukho iindidi ezininzi zegrafti, ezinokubandakanya ukuhanjiswa okupheleleyo okanye okukhethekileyo kwesikhumba, okunokuvela emzimbeni ngokwawo okanye komnye umntu kwaye kunokuba lula okanye kwenziwe ezinye izinto, ezinje ngentlala, umzekelo.

Inkqubo yezonyango iya kuxhomekeka kwindawo yokufakelwa kunye nohlobo lomthamo ekufanele ukuba wenziwe kunye nokubuyiselwa kufuneka kwenziwe kuqala esibhedlele kwaye, emva kokukhutshwa, ukhathalelo oluchazwe ngugqirha kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela efanelekileyo ukunqanda iingxaki.

Iindidi zokufakelwa kolusu

Ukukhethwa kohlobo lokumiliselwa oza kusetyenziswa kumiselwa ngugqirha kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zendawo, ubungakanani kunye neepropathi zommandla oza kusetyenziswa kuwo. Ummandla wolusu lomnikeli kufuneka uhambelane ngangokunokwenzeka nommkeli.

Iindidi zegrafti zingahlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukwehliselwa okukhethekileyo okanye okupheleleyo kolusu

Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba ngokuyinxalenye kuqukethe uhlobo olunye kuphela lwethishu. Ezi grafti zinenxalenye yedermis kuphela kwaye zinokuba mncinci, ziphakathi okanye zityebe.

Olu hlobo lwegrafti lubuthathaka ngakumbi kwaye luhlala lusetyenziswa kwizilonda ezinkulu zolusu, iziphene kwiimbumba ezinomhlana okanye kwimimandla yemisipha, umzekelo.

Iyonke into yokuthanjiswa kolusu ibandakanya yonke i-dermis, kubandakanya iifollic zeenwele, amadlala a-sebaceous kunye nokubila kunye ne-nerves, oko kugcina iimpawu zesikhumba esiqhelekileyo. Njengoko inenani elikhulu lezihlunu ezifuna ukuvuselelwa kwakhona, kufuna iimeko ezingcono zokusinda.

Ezi grafti zilunge ngakumbi kummandla wobuso okanye kwimimandla ebonakalayo ngakumbi, kuba zibonisa umbala kunye noburhabaxa kufutshane nolusu oluqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, zikwalungele nabantwana, njengoko zinokukhula ngesiqhelo njengoko abantwana bekhula.

2. Iifayile ezilula okanye ezidityanisiweyo

Iigrafti ezilula ziqukethe uhlobo olunye kuphela lwethishu, ngelixa izinto ezenziwayo zibandakanya ulusu kunye nolunye uhlobo lwethishu, umzekelo intlala, umzekelo. Olu hlobo lokudibanisa lusetyenziswa xa kufuneka inkxaso ethe kratya, umzekelo ekwakhiweni ngokutsha kwendlebe okanye impumlo.

3. I-Heterologous autografts, i-allografts okanye i-graft

Ngokuphathelele kwimvelaphi, iigrafti zinokuhlelwa njengezixhobo ezizenzekelayo, xa zivunwa emzimbeni womntu, okanye iallografti, xa zivunwa komnye umntu.

Iallografti zihlala zisetyenziswa kubantu abaphulukana nenani elikhulu lolusu ngenxa yokutsha, umzekelo. Kule meko, ii-allograf ezivela kumalungu osapho okanye iilokhwe zebhayoloji zinokusetyenziswa.

Xa kufanelekile ukwenza ufakelo

Ukudibanisa ulusu kubonisiwe kwiimeko ezinje:

• Ukutshisa okunzulu;
• Izifo zolusu;
• Izilonda zoxinzelelo;
• Abrasions;
• Umothuko;
• Ulusu necrosis ngenxa yomothuko okanye uqhaqho;
• Ukukhubazeka okuzelwe;
• Umhlaza wolusu.

Yazi nokuba yeyantoni na kunye nokufakwa kumanqatha kunye nendlela eyenziwa ngayo inkqubo.

Indlela yokulungiselela

Phambi kwenkqubo yonyango, umntu kufuneka aqwalasele imiyalelo kagqirha, njengamayeza afanele ukuwathatha okanye ayeke. Ukongeza, kunokuba yimfuneko ukungahambi ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukusela kusuku olungaphambi kotyando.

Injani inkqubo

Inkqubo iyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwingingqi eza kunyangwa, ubungakanani bokuxhonywa kunye nenqanaba lomntu kwezempilo.

Ngokubanzi, isikhumba somnikeli siqokelelwa, kuthi, kwiimeko ezininzi, ibe ngumntu ngokwakhe. Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba kunokususwa kwindawo eqondakalayo yomzimba, enjenge-hip okanye ngaphandle kwethanga, isisu, isinqe okanye ingalo, umzekelo.

Emva koko, olu hlomelo luya kubekwa ngugqirha wotyando kwindawo yokufakelwa, enokukhuseleka ngokunxiba, ukutya okuqhelekileyo okanye imithungo.

Ukunyamekela

Emva kwenkqubo, kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ukuze ufumane ukhathalelo oluyimfuneko kwaye ubone ukuba umzimba awukugatyi na.

Xa umntu ephumile esibhedlele, ugqirha unokuyalela amayeza eentlungu kunye nemiyalelo yokunyamekela ukuxhonywa kunye nommandla othathwe kuwo, ukunqanda ukosuleleka.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukusetyenziswa kolusu ngokukhokelela kungakhokelela kwiingxaki, ezinje ngokurhoxiswa kwegrafti, ukutshintsha umbala, ihematoma kunye nosulelo, kwaye kufuneka unyangwe kwangoko.