I-spherocytosis yelifa: oonobangela, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela i-spherocytosis
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-spherocytosis yelifa sisifo semfuza esibonakaliswa kukutshintsha kwenwebu ebomvu yegazi, ethanda ukutshatyalaliswa kwayo, yiyo loo nto ithathwa njenge-hemolytic anemia. Utshintsho kwi-membrane yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi zibenza zibe zincinci kwaye zinganyangeki kunesiqhelo, zitshabalalise ngokulula udakada.

I-Spherocytosis sisifo esifa, esihamba nomntu kwasekuzalweni, nangona kunjalo, inokuqhubela phambili nge-anemia yobunzima obahlukeneyo. Ke, kwezinye iimeko kungangabikho zimpawu kwaye kwezinye, pallor, ukudinwa, i-jaundice, i-spleen eyandisiweyo kunye notshintsho kuphuhliso, umzekelo, kunokubonwa.

Nangona kungekho lunyango, i-spherocytosis inonyango, ekufuneka ikhokelwe yi-hematologist, kwaye indawo ye-folic acid inokuboniswa kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kususwe udakada, obizwa ngokuba yi-splenectomy, ukulawula isifo .

Yintoni ebangela i-spherocytosis

I-spherocytosis yelifa kubangelwa kukutshintsha kwemfuza okukhokelela kutshintsho kubungakanani okanye kumgangatho weeproteni ezenza inwebu yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, eyaziwa ngokuba ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Utshintsho kwezi proteni lubangela ukulahleka kobungqongqo kunye nokukhusela inwebu ebomvu yegazi, ebenza babe buthathaka ngakumbi kunye nobukhulu obuncinci, nangona umxholo ufana, wenza iiseli ezibomvu ezincinci, ezinombala ojikeleziweyo kunye nombala ngakumbi.

I-Anemia ivela ngenxa yokuba ii-spherocyte, njengoko iiseli ezibomvu zikhubazekile kwi-spherocytosis, zihlala zitshatyalaliswa kwipeni, ngakumbi xa utshintsho lubalulekile kwaye kukho ukulahleka kokuguquguquka kunye nokumelana nokudlula kwi-microcirculation yegazi kweli lungu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

I-Spherocytosis inokuhlelwa njengobumnene, obuphakathi okanye obunzima. Yiyo loo nto abantu abane-spherocytosis emnene bengenayo nayiphi na impawu, ngelixa abo bane-spherocytosis emodareyithayo banokuba namanqanaba eempawu kunye neempawu ezinje nge:

• Ukuqhubeka kwegazi;
• IPallor;
• Ukudinwa nokunganyamezelani nokuzilolonga;
• Ukonyusa i-bilirubin egazini kunye ne-jaundice, engumbala otyheli wolusu kunye nenwebu yangaphakathi;
• Ukuyilwa kwamatye e-bilirubin kwi-gallbladder;
• Ukwandisa ubungakanani bepeni.

Ukuze ufumane i-spherocytosis yelifa, ukongeza kuvavanyo lweklinikhi, ugqirha we-hematologist unoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi olufana nokubalwa kwegazi, ukubala kwe-reticulocyte, umlinganiso we-bilirubin kunye ne-peripheral blood smear ebonisa utshintsho olucetyiswayo lolu hlobo lwe-anemia.Uviwo lwe-osmotic fragility lukwaboniswa, olulinganisa ukuxhathisa kwe-membrane ebomvu yegazi.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-spherocytosis yelifa ayinalo unyango, nangona kunjalo, i-hematologist inokucebisa unyango olunokunciphisa ukwanda kwesi sifo kunye neempawu, ngokweemfuno zesigulana. Kwimeko yabantu abangabonisi zimpawu zesi sifo, akukho nonyango luthile luyimfuneko.

Ukutshintshwa kwe-folic acid kuyacetyiswa kuba, ngenxa yokonyuka kokuphazamiseka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, le nto ifuneka ngakumbi ekubunjweni kweeseli ezintsha kumongo.

Eyona ndlela iphambili kunyango kukususa udakada ngoqhaqho, oluhlala luboniswa kubantwana abangaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5 okanye emi-6 ubudala abane-anemia kakhulu, njengabo bane-hemoglobin engaphantsi kwe-8 mg / dl kubalo lwegazi, okanye ngaphantsi kwe-10 mg / dl ukuba kukho iimpawu ezibalulekileyo okanye iingxaki ezinje ngamatye esinyongo. Utyando lunokwenziwa nakubantwana abanolibaziseko lokukhula ngenxa yesi sifo.

Abantu abaphuma ekususweni kwepeni kunokwenzeka ukuba baphuhlise usulelo oluthile okanye i-thromboses, ke izitofu, ezinje nge-pneumococcal, ziyafuneka, ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni kwe-ASA ukulawula ukujiya kwegazi. Jonga ukuba utyando lokususa udakada kunye nokhathalelo oluyimfuneko lwenziwa njani.