Mononucleosis

I-Mononucleosis, okanye i-mono, sisifo sentsholongwane esibangela umkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, kunye nokudumba kwamadlala e-lymph, rhoqo entanyeni.

I-Mono ihlala isasazeka ngamathe kunye nonxibelelwano olusondeleyo. Yaziwa njenge "isifo sokuncamisa." I-Mono yenzeka rhoqo kubantu abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kweli-17, kodwa usulelo lungakhula nanini na.

IMono ibangelwa yintsholongwane kaEpstein-Barr (EBV). Rhoqo, kubangelwa zezinye iintsholongwane, ezinje ngecytomegalovirus (CMV).

I-Mono ingaqala kancinci ngokudinwa, ukugula ngokubanzi, intloko ebuhlungu kunye nomqala obuhlungu. Umqala obuhlungu uya usiba mandundu. Iitoni zakho zidumbile kwaye zikhulisa isigqubuthelo esimhlophe-mthubi. Rhoqo, ii-lymph node entanyeni zidumbile kwaye zibuhlungu.

Ipinki, imasisi efana nerhashalala inokwenzeka, kwaye kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba uthatha iyeza le-ampicillin okanye i-amoxicillin yosulelo lomqala. (Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awanikwanga ngaphandle kovavanyo olubonisa ukuba unosulelo lwe-strep.)

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-mono ziquka:

• Ukozela
• Ifiva
• Ukuphazamiseka ngokubanzi, ukungonwabi, okanye ukugula
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha okanye ukuqina
• Irhashalala
• Umqala obuhkungu
• I-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo, zihlala zihlala entanyeni nasekhwapheni

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Khohlela
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Imihlathi
• IJaundice (umbala omthubi kwesikhumba kunye nabamhlophe ngamehlo)
• Ukuqina kweNeck
• Umphunga
• Inqanaba lentliziyo elikhawulezayo
• Ubuntununtunu ekukhanyeni
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakukuvavanya. Banokufumana:

• I-lymph nodes ezivuvukile ngaphambili nangemva kwentamo yakho
• Ukudumba kweetoni ngesigqubuthelo esimhlophe-mthubi
• Ukudumba kwesibindi okanye udakada
• Ukudumba kolusu

Kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi, kubandakanya:

• Ubalo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (i-WBC): luya kuba phezulu kunesiqhelo ukuba une-mono
• Uvavanyo lweMonospot: luya kuba ntle kwisifo esosulelayo se-mononucleosis
• Isihloko se-Antibody: sixelela umahluko phakathi kosulelo lwangoku kunye nolwangaphambili

Injongo yonyango kukhulula iimpawu. Iyeza leSteroid (prednisone) linokunikwa ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima.

Amachiza okulwa intsholongwane, njenge-acyclovir, awanazibonelelo zingako.

Ukunciphisa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Sela amanzi amaninzi.
• Gargle ngamanzi afudumeleyo anetyuwa ukunciphisa umqala obuhlungu.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo.
• Thatha i-acetaminophen okanye ibuprofen yentlungu kunye nefiva.

Kulumkele ukunxibelelana nemidlalo ukuba udakada lwakho ludumbile (ukuthintela ukuba lungaphuli).

Umkhuhlane uhlala uhla kwiintsuku ezili-10, kwaye idumbile idlala kunye ne-spleen ziyaphola kwiiveki ezi-4. Ukudinwa kuhlala kudlula kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa, kodwa kusenokuthabatha iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Phantse wonke umntu uchacha ngokupheleleyo.

Iingxaki ze-mononucleosis zingabandakanya:

• I-Anemia, eyenzeka xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zifa msinyane kunesiqhelo
• I-hepatitis kunye ne-jaundice (eqhelekileyo kubantu abadala kunama-35)
• Ukudumba okanye ukudumba kwamatyhalarha
• Iingxaki zesixokelelwano (ezinqabileyo), ezinje nge-Guillain-Barré syndrome, i-meningitis, ukuxhuzula, ukonakala kwethambo elilawula ukuhamba kwemisipha ebusweni (iBell palsy), kunye nokuhamba okungahambelaniyo
• Ukuqhekeka kwethambo (kunqabile, kuthintele uxinzelelo kwipeni)
• Irhashalala (engaqhelekanga)

Ukufa kunokwenzeka kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-mono ziziva zifana kakhulu nezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane. Awudingi ukunxibelelana nomboneleli ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu zakho zihlala ixesha elide kuneentsuku ezili-10 okanye uphuhlise:

• Intlungu zesisu
• Ukuphefumla ubunzima
• Imikhuhlane ephezulu engapheliyo (ngaphezulu kwe-101.5 ° F okanye i-38.6 ° C)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Umqala obuhlungu okanye ukudumba kweetoni
• Ubuthathaka kwiingalo zakho okanye emilenzeni
• Umbala otyheli emehlweni akho okanye kulusu

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba uphuhlisa:

• Ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza, iintlungu zesisu esiswini
• Intamo elukhuni okanye ubuthathaka obukhulu
• Ingxaki yokuginya okanye yokuphefumla

Abantu abane-mono banokusasazeka ngelixa baneempawu kwaye ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva koko. Umntu ohlala enesifo uyosulela ixesha elingakanani. Intsholongwane ingaphila iiyure ezininzi ngaphandle komzimba. Gwema ukumanga okanye ukwabelana ngezinto ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuye une-mono.

Mono; Isifo sokumanga; Umkhuhlane we-glandular

• Mononucleosis - photomicrograph iiseli
• Mononucleosis - photomicrograph iiseli
• I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo # 3
• I-Acrodermatitis
• I-Splenomegaly
• I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo
• I-Mononucleosis - ifoto yokushicilela iseli
• Isifo seGianotti-Crosti emlenzeni
• Mononucleosis - umbono womqala
• Mononucleosis - umlomo
• Iintsholongwane

U-Ebell MH, umnxeba M, uShinholser J, uGardner J. Ngaba esi sigulana sinesifo esosulelayo se-mononucleosis? JAMA. Ngo-2016; 315 (14): 1502-1509. IINKCUKACHA: 27115266 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27115266/.

UJohannsen EC, Kaye KM. Intsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr (isifo esosulelayo se-mononucleosis, i-Epstein-Barr izifo ezinxulumene nentsholongwane kunye nezinye izifo). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 138.

I-Weinberg JB. Intsholongwane ka-Epstein-Barr. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 281.

Ubusika JN. Indlela yesigulana nge-lymphadenopathy kunye ne-splenomegaly. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 159.