Ukopha kwiliso: Into ekufuneka uyazi

Umxholo

• Iindidi zokopha kwamehlo
• 1. I-subconjunctival hemorrhage
• 2. IHyphema
• 3. Iindidi ezinzulu zokopha
• Izinto ezibangela ukopha kwamehlo
• Ukwenzakala okanye ubunzima
• I-Hyphema ibangela
• Amayeza
• Iimeko zempilo
• Usulelo
• Ukuchongwa kwamehlo kufunyaniswa njani?
• Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho
• Luthini unyango lokopha kwamehlo?
• Unyango
• Into onokuyenza ekhaya
• Ithini imbonakalo ukuba unegazi elophayo?

Ukopha kwiliso kuthetha ukopha okanye isitya segazi esaphukileyo ngaphantsi komphezulu weliso. Inxalenye yonke emhlophe yamehlo akho inokubonakala ibomvu okanye igazi, okanye unokuba namabala okanye iindawo ezibomvu esweni.

Olunye uhlobo olungaqhelekanga lokopha kwamehlo, okanye ukopha, kunokwenzeka embindini, kwinxalenye enemibala yamehlo akho. Ukopha kwiliso ngokunzulu okanye ngasemva kweliso ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ubomvu.

Ukopha kwiliso kunokwenzeka ngezizathu ezininzi. Uninzi lwexesha, uya kuthi hayi kuphuma igazi kwiliso lakho.

Kuxhomekeka kwindawo esweni, ukuphuma kwegazi akunabungozi okanye kungakhokelela kwiingxaki xa kunganyangwa. Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba nokopha kwamehlo.

• Ukopha okuninzi kwamehlo akunabungozi kwaye kubangelwa ligazi elincinci elaphukileyo elikwindawo engaphandle yamehlo.
• Unobangela wokopha kwamehlo akusoloko kwaziwa.
• Ukopha kwamehlo kumfundi kunye ne-iris, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hyphema, kunqabile kodwa kunokuba kubi kakhulu.
• Ukopha kwiliso nzulu kwiliso kuhlala kungabonakali kwaye kunokubangelwa yimeko esempilweni yeswekile.

Iindidi zokopha kwamehlo

Zintathu iintlobo eziphambili zokopha kwamehlo.

1. I-subconjunctival hemorrhage

Umphezulu wangaphandle weliso lakho ubizwa ngokuba sisihlanganisi. Igubungela indawo emhlophe yamehlo akho. Isihlanganisi sinemithambo yegazi encinci, ethe-ethe ongakwaziyo ukuyibona ngesiqhelo.

I-subconjunctival hemorrhage yenzeka xa umthambo wegazi uvuza okanye uqhekeka nje phantsi kwesihlanganisi. Xa oku kusenzeka, igazi libanjiswa kwisitya segazi okanye phakathi kwesihlanganisi kunye nenxalenye emhlophe okanye iliso lakho.

Ukopha kwamehlo kwenza umthambo wegazi ubonakale kakhulu okanye kubangele indawo ebomvu ebomvu kwiliso lakho.

Olu hlobo lokuphuma kwamehlo luqhelekile. Ihlala ingabangeli zintlungu okanye ichaphazele umbono wakho.

Ngokuqinisekileyo awuyi kufuna unyango kwi-subconjunctival hemorrhage. Ihlala ingenabungozi kwaye iyakucoca malunga neveki.

• bomvu kwinxalenye emhlophe yamehlo
• iliso licatshukisiwe okanye liziva likrwitshiwe
• imvakalelo yokugcwala kwiliso

2. IHyphema

I-hyphema iyopha kwi-iris kunye nomfundi, eziyinxalenye yombala omnyama kunye nomnyama wamehlo.

Kwenzeka xa igazi liqokelela phakathi kwe-iris kunye nomfundi kunye ne-cornea. I-cornea sisigubungelo esicacileyo sedome esifana nelensi yonxibelelwano eyakhelweyo. I-hyphema ihlala isenzeka xa kukho umonakalo okanye iinyembezi kwi-iris okanye kumfundi.

Olu hlobo lokopha kwamehlo aluqhelekanga kwaye lunokuchaphazela umbono wakho. I-Hyphema inokuthi inxenye okanye ivimbe ngokupheleleyo ukubona. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, oku kwenzakala kwamehlo kunokubangela ukulahleka okungapheliyo kombono.

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-hyphema kunye ne-subconjunctival hemorrhage kukuba i-hyphema ihlala ibuhlungu.

• iintlungu zamehlo
• igazi elibonakalayo phambi kwe-iris, umfundi, okanye zombini
• Igazi lisenokungabonakali ukuba i-hyphema incinci kakhulu
• ukungaboni kakuhle okanye ukuvala umbono
• ilifu kwiliso
• uvakalelo ekukhanyeni

3. Iindidi ezinzulu zokopha

Ukopha kwiliso ngaphakathi ngaphakathi okanye ngasemva kweliso kuhlala kungabonakali kumphezulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ukubomvu kwamehlo. Imithambo yegazi eyonakeleyo kunye neyaphukileyo kunye nezinye iingxaki zinokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi kwamehlo. Iindidi zokopha kwamehlo nzulu zibandakanya:

• i-vitreous hemorrhage, kulwelo lweliso
• Ukopha okungaphantsi, phantsi kweretina
• ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphantsi kwemacula, eyinxalenye yeretina

• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukubona ii-float
• ubona ukukhanya kokukhanya, okwaziwa njengefotopsia
• umbono unombala obomvu
• ukuziva uxinzelelo okanye ukugcwala kwiliso
• ukudumba kwamehlo

Izinto ezibangela ukopha kwamehlo

Unokufumana i-subconjunctival hemorrhage ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuba kutheni. Isizathu asihlali saziwa.

Ukwenzakala okanye ubunzima

Ngamanye amaxesha ungaphula isitya segazi esibuthathaka esweni ngokuthi:

• ukukhohlela
• Ukuthimla
• ukugabha
• ukuxina
• ukuphakamisa into enzima
• ndihlunguzela intloko ngequbuliso
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi
• ukunxiba iilensi zonxibelelwano
• ukufumana uxabane

Ugqirha wafumanisa ukuba iintsana kunye nabantwana abanesifuba kunye nokukhwehlela babenomngcipheko omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisisu.

Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya ukulimala kwiso, ubuso, okanye intloko, njenge:

• hlikihla iliso lakho kakhulu
• ukunwaya iliso lakho
• ukwenzakala, ukwenzakala, okanye ukubetha iliso lakho okanye kufutshane neliso lakho

I-Hyphema ibangela

Ii-Hyphemas azixhaphakanga kangako kunesifo sokopha esincinci. Zihlala zibangelwa kukubethwa okanye ukwenzakala kwiliso okubangelwe yingozi, ukuwa, ukukrwela, ukubamba, okanye ukubethwa ngento okanye ibhola.

Ezinye izizathu zehyphemas zibandakanya:

• usulelo lwamehlo, ngakumbi kwi-virus ye-herpes
• imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga kwi-iris
• iingxaki zokuvala igazi
• iingxaki emva kotyando lwamehlo
• Umhlaza wamehlo

Amayeza

Kufunyenwe ukuba amayeza amayeza acoca igazi anokuphakamisa umngcipheko kwezinye iintlobo zokopha kwamehlo. La mayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga nokukhusela amahlwili egazi kwaye kubandakanya:

• iwarfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven)
• dabigatran (iPradaxa)
• Rivaroxabanxabisa (Xarelto)
• heparin

Amayeza angaphezulu kwekhawuntareli anjengee-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) kunye nezongezo zendalo nazo zinokucheba igazi. Yazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha nayiphi na kwezi:

• Iasprini
• ibuprofen (Advil)
• I-naproxen (iAleve)
• ivithamin E
• Primrose ngokuhlwa
• igalikhi
• ginkgo biloba
• wabona i palmetto

amayeza onyango, asetyenziselwa ukunyanga usulelo lwentsholongwane, ikwanxulunyaniswa nokopha kwamehlo.

Iimeko zempilo

Ezinye iimeko zempilo zinokuphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha kwamehlo okanye zinciphise okanye zonakalise imithambo yegazi esweni. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukujonga kwakhona isifo seswekile
• iinyembezi okanye isixhobo
• iarteriosclerosis, ebandakanya imithambo eqinileyo okanye emxinwa
• imithambo
• isihlanganisi amyloidosis
• isihlanganisi
• Ukonakala okuhambelana nobudala beminyaka
• Indawo yangasemva ye-vitreous detachment, eyakha ulwelo emva kweliso
• irhengqa yeselfin retinopathy
• ukuvaleka kwemithambo ngaphakathi
• myeloma ezininzi
• Isifo seTerson

Usulelo

Olunye usulelo lunokwenza ukuba kubonakale ngathi iliso lakho liyopha. Iliso elipinki okanye i-conjunctivitis yinto eqhelekileyo kwaye inesifo esosulelayo kakhulu ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala.

Ingabangelwa yintsholongwane okanye intsholongwane. Iintsana zinokufumana iliso elipinki ukuba zinendlela evaliweyo yeinyembezi. Ukurhawuzelela iliso kwizifo kunye neekhemikhali nako kunokukhokelela kule meko.

Iliso elipinki lenza ukuba isihlanganisi sidumbe kwaye sithambe. Umhlophe wamehlo akhangeleka epinki kuba igazi elingaphezulu liyakhawuleziselwa ukuya kwiliso lakho ukunceda ukulwa usulelo.

Iliso elipinki alibangeli ukopha kwamehlo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, linokwenza imithambo yegazi esele ibuthathaka yaphuka, ibangele ukopha okungaphantsi.

Ukuchongwa kwamehlo kufunyaniswa njani?

Ugqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo unokujonga iliso lakho ukuze ufumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo lokopha kwamehlo onalo.

Unokufuna olunye uvavanyo olunje:

• Ukwanda komfundi usebenzisa wamehlo ukuvula umfundi
• Ukuskena kwe-ultrasound ukubona ngaphakathi nasemva kweliso
• Ukuskena i-CT ukukhangela ukwenzakala okujikeleze iliso
• uvavanyo lwegazi ukukhangela nayiphi na imeko engaphantsi enokubangela iingxaki zamehlo
• uxinzelelo lwegazi

Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na into yokopha kwamehlo okanye ezinye iimpawu zamehlo. Ungaze ulutyeshele utshintsho olwenziwe ngamehlo okanye umbono wakho. Kuhlala kukulungele ukujonga amehlo akho. Nokuba usulelo lwamehlo oluncinci lunokuba mandundu okanye lubangele iingxaki ukuba alunyangwa.

Yenza idinga lokuqeshwa kwamehlo kwangoko ukuba uneempawu emehlweni akho ezinje:

• intlungu
• ukuthamba
• ukudumba okanye ukudumba
• uxinzelelo okanye ukugcwala
• ukunkcenkceshela okanye ukukhupha
• bomvu
• ukungaboni kakuhle okanye umbono ophindwe kabini
• utshintsho kumbono wakho
• ukubona i-floaters okanye ukukhanya kokukhanya
• ukutyumka okanye ukudumba ujikeleze iliso

Ukuba awunayo umnikezeli, isixhobo sethu seHealthline FindCare sinokukunceda uqhagamshele kumagqirha kwindawo yakho.

Luthini unyango lokopha kwamehlo?

Unyango lokopha kwamehlo luxhomekeke kwisizathu. I-Subconjunctival hemorrhages zihlala zingabalulekanga kwaye ziphilisa ngaphandle konyango.

Unyango

Ukuba unesimo esisisiseko, njengoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ugqirha wakho uya kukuyalela unyango ukuze alulawule.

I-Hyphemas kunye nokopha kakhulu kwamehlo kunokufuna unyango ngqo. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela amathontsi wamehlo njengoko kufuneka ukopha kwamehlo:

• amathontsi ongezelelweyo eenyembezi ngamehlo owomileyo
• iliso le-steroid lilahla ukudumba
• ukuqaqanjelwa ngamehlo kwehla ngenxa yeentlungu
• Iliso elwa ntsholongwane liza nosulelo lwebhaktiriya
• wamehlo antiviral kusulelo lwentsholongwane
• utyando lwe-laser ukulungisa imithambo yegazi
• utyando lwamehlo ukukhupha igazi elininzi
• uqhaqho lokuhambisa iinyembezi

Kuya kufuneka unxibe ikhaka elikhethekileyo okanye isitshixo seliso ukukhusela iliso ngelixa ukopha kwamehlo kuphola.

Jonga ugqirha wakho wamehlo ukujonga ukopha kwamehlo kunye nempilo yamehlo akho. Baya kulinganisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo akho. Uxinzelelo lwamehlo oluphezulu lunokukhokelela kwezinye iimeko zamehlo ezifana ne-glaucoma.

Into onokuyenza ekhaya

Ukuba unxiba iilensi zonxibelelwano, zikhuphe. Musa ukunxiba iilensi zonxibelelwano de ugqirha wakho wamehlo athi kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukunceda ukuphuma kwegazi:

• thatha iso lakho okanye amanye amayeza ngokuchanekileyo njengoko kumiselwe ngugqirha wakho
• jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo kunye nokujonga ekhaya
• fumana ukuphumla okuninzi
• yiphakamisela intloko yakho emqamelweni ukuze uncede ukuphuma kwamehlo
• thintela umsebenzi omninzi kakhulu
• fumana uvavanyo lwamehlo kunye nokubona rhoqo
• ukucoca nokutshintsha iilensi zonxibelelwano rhoqo
• thintela ukulala kunye neelensi zonxibelelwano

Ithini imbonakalo ukuba unegazi elophayo?

Ukopha kwamehlo ukusuka kwi-subconjunctival hemorrhages kuhlala kuyangena. Unokwazi ukubona ukuphuma kwegazi kujika kubomvu kubomdaka kwaye kube tyheli. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye kunokwenzeka ngaphezulu kwesinye.

I-Hyphemas kunye nezinye iintlobo ezinzulu zokopha kwamehlo kunokufuna unyango olungaphezulu kwaye kuthathe ixesha elide ukuphilisa. Ezi meko zamehlo aziqhelekanga. Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu zokopha kwamehlo.

Ukunyanga kunye nokujonga ngononophelo imeko ephantsi njengoxinzelelo lwegazi kunye neswekile kunokunceda ukuthintela ukopha kwamehlo.