Usebenza njani uMayeza emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi?

Umxholo

• Wenza njani uMedare emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi?
• Kuthekani ukuba uyaqhubeka usebenza?
• Ubhalisa nini
• Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweMedare emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi
• Isebenza njani iyeza nezinye izicwangciso
• Iinkqubo zonyango emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi
• Icandelo A
• Icandelo B
• Ixesha elibekiweyo leMedicare
• Icandelo C (Uncedo ngamayeza)
• Icandelo D
• Unyango lweMedare (iMedigap)
• Ukuthatha

• I-Medicare yinkqubo yomdibaniso ekunceda ukuba uhlawule ukhathalelo lwempilo wakube ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala engama-65 okanye ukuba uneemeko ezithile zempilo.
• Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ubhalise xa uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala ukuba uyaqhubeka usebenza okanye unenye ingxelo.
• Ukutyikitya kade okanye hayi konke konke kunokugcina imali kwiipremiyamu zanyanga zonke kodwa kungabiza imali eninzi ngezohlwayo kamva.
• Ukucwangcisela ngaphambi kokuba uthathe umhlala-phantsi kunokukunceda ungahlawuli intlawulo eninzi yezempilo ngexesha lomhlala-phantsi.

I-Medicare yinkqubo yeinshurensi yezempilo kawonkewonke ekufaneleyo ukuyifumana xa uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Oku kunokuba yiminyaka yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwabanye abantu, kodwa abanye bakhetha ukuqhubeka besebenza ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ezemali kunye nezobuqu.

Ngokubanzi, uhlawula i-Medicare kwiirhafu ngexesha lakho lokusebenza kwaye urhulumente wephondo uthatha isabelo seendleko. Kodwa ezinye iinxalenye zenkqubo ziza nomrhumo wenyanga kunye nezinye iindleko eziphuma epokothweni.

Qhubeka ufunda ngoncedo lokuthatha isigqibo sokuba ubhalisela nini kwi-Medicare. Siza kuphinda siqwalasele ukuba ingatshintsha njani loo nto ukuba ukhetha ukuqhubeka usebenza, kuzakubiza malini, kunye nendlela yokuphepha izohlwayo xa ulibazisa ukubhalisa.

Wenza njani uMedare emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi?

Ubudala bomhlala-phantsi ayililo inani elibekwe elityeni. Abanye abantu banokukhetha ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwangethuba, ngelixa abanye bafuna-okanye bafuna-ukuqhubeka nokusebenza. Iminyaka yobudala yomhlala-phantsi e-United States ngo-2016 yayingama-65 emadodeni kunye nama-63 kwabasetyhini.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uceba ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi nini, i-Medicare ikhethe iminyaka engama-65 njengesiqalo sokuqala seenzuzo zakho zezempilo. I-Medicare ayinyanzelekanga kwezobuchwephesha, kodwa unokuhlangabezana neendleko ezibonakalayo ukuba uyala ukubhalisa. Unokujongana neendleko ezongezelelweyo kunye nezohlwayo ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokulibazisa ukubhaliswa.

Ukuba ukhetha ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwangethuba, uya kuba wedwa kukhuseleko lwempilo ngaphandle kokuba unemicimbi ethile yempilo. Ngaphandle koko, uyacetyiswa ukuba ubhalisele iinkqubo zeMedare kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa kwakho kwama-65. Kukho imigaqo ethile kunye namaxesha amiselweyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zeMedare, ezichazwe kamva kwinqaku.

Ukuba uqhubeka usebenza emva kweminyaka engama-65, imigaqo eyahlukeneyo iyasebenza. Njani kwaye nini ubhalisela ukuxhomekeka kuhlobo luni lweinshurensi onayo kumqeshi wakho.

Kuthekani ukuba uyaqhubeka usebenza?

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo-okanye ufuna-ukuqhubeka usebenza emva kokuba ufikelele kubudala bokuthatha umhlala-phantsi, ukhetho lwakho lokuba uza kuyibhalisela nini kwaye nini i-Medicare lungahluka.

Ukuba ukhathalelo lwempilo kumqeshi wakho, unokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-inshurensi yezempilo. Ngenxa yokuba uhlawula i-Medicare Part A kwirhafu kuyo yonke iminyaka yakho yokusebenza, uninzi lwabantu alubhatali imali yanyanga le xa sele iqale ingxelo yabo.

Uhlala ubhalisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwiCandelo A xa uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Ukuba awunguye, akukho nto ibiza ukuba ubhalise. Ukuba unayo i-inshurensi yokulaliswa esibhedlele ngumqeshi wakho, iMedicare inokusebenza njengomhlawuli wesibini ngeendleko ezingafakwanga phantsi kwesicwangciso seinshurensi yomqeshi wakho.

Amanye amalungu e-Medicare anamaxesha athile obhaliso- kunye nezohlwayo xa ungabhalisanga ngalo mihla. Ukuba unesicwangciso seinshurensi ngomqeshi wakho ngenxa yokuba usasebenza, unokufanelekela ukubhalisa emva kwexesha phantsi kwexesha elithile lobhaliso kwaye uphephe naziphi na izohlwayo.

Xoxa ngezicwangciso zakho zomhlala-phantsi ngaphambi komhla wakho wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kunye nomphathi weenzuzo kwindawo osebenza kuyo ukuze umisele kakuhle ukuba ubhalisela nini i-Medicare. Banokukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuphepha izohlwayo okanye iindleko ezongezelelweyo zepremiyamu.

Ubhalisa nini

Xa ukhetha ukubhalisa kwi-Medicare kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi.

• Ukuba sele uthathe umhlala-phantsi kwaye usondela kwiminyaka yakho yokuzalwa engama-65, kuya kufuneka ucwangcise ukubhalisela i-Medicare ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufanelekile ukunqanda isohlwayo sokubhalisa kade.
• Ukuba usasebenza kwaye une-inshurensi ngomqeshi wakho, usenokukhetha ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiCandelo A kuba ngekhe uhlawule ipremiyamu. Kodwa ke, unokufuna ukulinda ukuze ubhalisele ezinye iinkqubo zeMedare eziya kukuhlawulisa iifizi zenyanga kunye neeprimiyamu.
• Abantu abaqhubeka besebenza kwaye benayo i-inshurensi yezempilo ngomqeshi wabo, okanye abaneqabane elisebenzayo eline-inshurensi yezempilo, bahlala benelungelo lokufumana ixesha elilodwa lobhaliso kwaye banokuthintela ukuhlawula izohlwayo zokubhalisa kade.
• Nangona unayo i-inshurensi ngesicwangciso somqeshi, usenokufuna ukuqaphela ukuqala kwe-Medicare ngenxa yokuba inokuhlawula iindleko ezingakhokhelwa yiplani yakho ephambili.

Nje ukuba umsebenzi wakho (okanye iqabane lakho) okanye i-inshurensi iphele, uneenyanga ezisi-8 zokubhalisela i-Medicare ukuba ukhethe ukulibazisa ukubhalisa.

Ukuthintela isohlwayo sokubhalisa kade, kulibaziseka kuphela ukubhalisa kwi-Medicare ukuba uyakufanelekela ixesha elithile lobhaliso. Ukuba awufanelanga, isohlwayo sakho sokubhalisa emva kwexesha siya kuhlala ixesha lokugubungela i-Medicare yakho.

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweMedare emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi

Uninzi lwabantu alubhatali ipremiyamu yenyanga ngeCandelo A, kodwa kusaza kufuneka ucwangcise ukuhlawula inxenye yeendleko zakho zokunyamekela abaguli ukuba ungeniswe esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango.

Amanye amalungu e-Medicare, njengeCandelo B, nawo eza neendleko ezinokongeza. Kuya kufuneka uhlawule iipremiyamu zenyanga nenyanga, iikopayi, ukuqinisekiswa kwemali, kunye nokutsalwa kwemali. Ngo-2016, umyinge we-Medicare obhalisileyo wahlawula i- $ 5,460 ngonyaka ngeendleko zonyango, ngokwe-Kaiser Family Foundation. Kule mali, i-4,519 yeedola yaya kwiipremiyamu kunye neenkonzo zononophelo lwempilo.

Unokuhlawula iipremiyamu kunye nezinye iindleko zeMedare ngeendlela ezininzi. Ngelixa unokwenza uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali kwaye ugcine ukhathalelo lwempilo ebomini bakho bonke, ezinye iinkqubo zinokunceda:

• Ukuhlawula ngoKhuseleko lweNtlalo. Unokwenza ukuba iipremiyamu zakho zeMedicare zincitshiswe ngqo kwizibonelelo zakho zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo. Kwaye, ezinye izinto zokukhusela zinokugcina ukunyuka kwepremiyamu yakho kungagqithi kwiindleko zakho zokunyuka kukhuseleko lwezeNtlalo. Oku kwaziwa njengokubamba kungenabungozi, kwaye kunokukugcinela imali unyaka nonyaka kwiipremiyamu zakho.
• Iinkqubo zoLondolozo lweMedare. Ezi nkqubo zikarhulumente zisebenzisa iidola zeMedicaid kunye nezinye iimali zokukunceda uhlawule iindleko zakho zeMedare.
• Uncedo olongezelelweyo. Inkqubo yoNcedo eyongezelelweyo ibonelela ngoncedo olongezelelekileyo lokuhlawulela amayeza kagqirha phantsi kweCandelo D.
• Sukulibazisa ukubhalisa kwakho. Ukugcina imali eninzi kwiindleko zakho ze-Medicare, qiniseka ukuba ufanelekile ixesha elithile lokubhalisa ngaphambi kokuba ulibazise ukubhalisa.

Isebenza njani iyeza nezinye izicwangciso

Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho niqhubeka nisebenza, okanye nithathe umhlala-phantsi okanye isicwangciso seinshurensi yezemali enizisebenzelayo, ninokuyisebenzisa ecaleni kwezibonelelo zeMedicare. Isicwangciso sakho seqela kunye neMedicare siyakupela ukuba ngowuphi oyena uhlawula kuqala kwaye ngowuphi ohlawulayo okwesibini. Imithetho yokugubungela ingahluka ngokusekwe kulungiselelo olwenziwe ngumhlawuli kunye nemida yesicwangciso sakho.

Ukuba unesicwangciso seinshurensi esekwe ngumqeshi kwaye ubhalisile kwiMedicare, umboneleli wakho wabucala okanye weinshurensi yabucala uhlala ekuhlawula kuqala. I-Medicare emva koko iba ngumhlawuli wesibini, egubungela iindleko lolunye uhlobo aluhlawuli. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba unayo i-Medicare njengomhlawuli wesibini ayithethi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba iyakuhlawula zonke iindleko zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo.

Ukuba uthathe umhlala-phantsi kodwa une-inshurensi ngesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esivela kumqeshi wakho wangaphambili, emva koko i-Medicare ihlala isebenza njengomhlawuli ophambili. I-Medicare iya kuhlawula iindleko zakho ezigutyungelweyo kuqala, emva koko isicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi siya kuhlawula oko sikujongayo.

Iinkqubo zonyango emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi

Iiprogram zeMedare ziyakunceda ukukhusela iimfuno zakho zonyango ngexesha lokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Akukho nanye kwezi nkqubo enyanzelekileyo, kodwa ukuphuma kunokuba neziphumo ezibonakalayo. Kwaye nangona bekhetha, ukubhalisa kade kunokubiza.

Icandelo A

Icandelo A yinxalenye ye-Medicare egubungela ukhathalelo lwakho lwezigulana kunye neendleko zokulaliswa esibhedlele. Uninzi lwabantu lulungele iCandelo A ngaphandle kwepremiyamu yenyanga, kodwa ezinye iindleko ezinje ngeemali ezikhutshiweyo kunye nezitsalwayo zisasebenza.

Ubhaliso kwiCandelo A luhlala luzenzekelayo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, kuya kufuneka ubhalise ngokwakho. Ukuba uyafaneleka kwaye awubhalisanga ngokuzenzekelayo, ukubhalisela iCandelo A kuya kukuhlawula iipesenti ezili-10 ezongezelelweyo zepremiyamu yakho yenyanga kabini kwinani leenyanga olibazisileyo ukubhalisa.

Icandelo B

Le yinxalenye ye-Medicare ehlawula iinkonzo zonyango lwezigulana ezifana nokutyelela ugqirha. Ubhaliso lokuqala lweMedicare B kufuneka lwenziwe kwiinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa kwakho kwama-65.

Unokumisa ukubhaliswa ukuba ukhetha ukuqhubeka usebenza okanye unenye ingxelo, kwaye unokukwazi ukunqanda izohlwayo ukuba ulungele ixesha elithile lobhaliso. Kukho ubhaliso ngokubanzi kunye namaxesha avulekileyo obhaliso kwiCandelo B.

Ukuba ubhalisela emva kwexesha kwiCandelo B kwaye awulifanelanga ixesha lokubhalisa elikhethekileyo, ipremiyamu yakho iya kwandiswa ngepesenti eli-10 kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-12 ubungenaso isigubungelo seCandelo B. Esi sohlwayo songezwa kwipremiyamu yesiGaba B sakho ngexesha lokugubungela icandelo lakho leMedicare B.

Ixesha elibekiweyo leMedicare

• Ubhaliso lokuqala. Unokufumana i-Medicare njengoko usondela kwiminyaka yokuzalwa engama-65. Ubhaliso lokuqala lixesha leenyanga ezi-7 eziqala kwiinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba ujike iminyaka engama-65 kwaye uphele kwiinyanga ezi-3 emva koko. Ukuba uyasebenza ngoku, unokufumana i-Medicare kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-8 emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi okanye emva kokuphuma kwisicwangciso seinshurensi yezempilo yeqela lomqeshi wakho kwaye usaphepha izohlwayo. Ungabhalisa kwisicwangciso seMedigap ngalo naliphi na ixesha ngexesha leenyanga ezi-6 eziqala ngokuzalwa kwakho kwama-65.
• Ubhaliso ngokubanzi. Kulabo baphosa ubhaliso lokuqala, kusekho ixesha lokuba ubhalisele i-Medicare ukusuka nge-1 kaJanuwari ukuya kwi-Matshi 31 minyaka le. Kodwa unokuhlawuliswa ngesohlwayo esiqhubekayo sokubhalisa emva kwexesha ukuba ukhetha olu khetho. Ngeli xesha, unokutshintsha okanye ushiye isicwangciso sakho seMedicare okanye ukongeza isicwangciso seMedigap.
• Ubhaliso oluvulekileyo. Ungalutshintsha isicwangciso sakho sangoku nanini na ukusuka ngo-Okthobha u-15 ukuya ku-Disemba 7 ngonyaka.
• Ubhaliso lwee-add-ons ze-Medicare. Ukususela ngo-Ephreli 1 ukuya ku-Juni 30 ungongeza i-Medicare Part D yokugubungela iziyobisi kugqirha wakho okwangoku.
• Ubhaliso olulodwa. Ukuba unesiganeko esifanelekileyo, kubandakanya ukulahleka kwe-inshurensi yezempilo, ukuya kwindawo eyahlukileyo yokugubungela, okanye uqhawulo-mtshato, unokufanelekela ukubhalisa kwi-Medicare ngaphandle kwesigwebo seenyanga ezili-8 kulandela lo msitho.

Icandelo C (Uncedo ngamayeza)

Icandelo leMedicare Icandelo C yimveliso ye-inshurensi yabucala edibanisa zonke izinto zecandelo A kunye no-B, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezinokuzikhethela ezinje ngeCandelo D. kuhlawuliswa ukubhaliswa kade kwecandelo A okanye B ngokukodwa kunokufaka isicelo.

Icandelo D

Icandelo lonyango i-Medicare yinxalenye yesibonelelo seziyobisi esikhutshwa nguMedicare. Ixesha lokuqala lokubhalisa kwiCandelo le-Medicare liyafana nakwezinye iindawo zeMedicare.

Le yinkqubo yokuzikhethela, kodwa kusekho isohlwayo ukuba awubhalisi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuzalwa kwakho kwama-65. Esi sohlwayo yi-1 yepesenti yomndilili weendleko zepremiyamu yenyanga, iphindaphindwe ngenani leenyanga ongakhange ubhalise ngazo emva kokuba ufanelekile. Esi sohlwayo asihambi kwaye songezwa kwi-premium yakho inyanga nenyanga ngexesha lokugubungela.

Unyango lweMedare (iMedigap)

Isongezelelo seMedare, okanye iMedigap, zizicwangciso zeemveliso zeinshurensi zabucala ezikunceda ukuhlawula iindleko zeMedare oza kuhlala uzihlawula epokothweni. Ezi zicwangciso azinyanzelekanga kwaye akukho zohlwayo ngokungabhalisi; Nangona kunjalo, uya kufumana elona xabiso libalaseleyo kwezi zicwangciso ukuba ubhalisa ngexesha lokuqala lobhaliso oluqhuba iinyanga ezi-6 emva kokuba uguqe iminyaka engama-65.

Ukuthatha

• Urhulumente wobumbano unceda ukuxhasa iindleko zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zeMedare emva kweminyaka engama-65.
• Ukuba uqhubeka usebenza, unokulibazisa ukubhalisa kwezi nkqubo okanye uhlawule ukhathalelo lwempilo ngokudibanisa iinkqubo zikarhulumente nezabucala okanye ezisekwe kumqeshi.
• Ngaphandle kwezi nkqubo, unokuba noxanduva lwesabelo seendleko zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo.
• Cwangcisa kwangaphambili ukhathalelo lwempilo xa uthatha umhlalaphantsi ukuthintela iindleko eziphezulu okanye isohlwayo sokubhaliswa kade, ngakumbi njengoko zisenza isicelo kwiinkqubo zeMedicare.

Ulwazi olukule webhusayithi lunokukunceda ekwenzeni izigqibo malunga neinshurensi, kodwa ayenzelwanga ukunika iingcebiso malunga nokuthengwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwayo nayiphi na i-inshurensi okanye iimveliso zeinshurensi. I-Healthline Media ayihambelani neshishini leinshurensi nangayiphi na indlela kwaye ayinayo ilayisensi njengenkampani yeinshurensi okanye umvelisi kulo naliphi na igunya laseMelika. I-Healthline Media ayikhuthazi okanye ixhase nabani na onokuthi enze ishishini leinshurensi.